10. Byronppt课件

1、1George Gordon, Lord Byron2George Gordon, Lord ByronByrons life;Byrons major works;Literary term: Byronic hero;Textual study: She Walks in Beauty. The Isles of Greece3Bryons lifeBorn in 1788, of a noble family notorious for their passionate temper, their amatory adventures, and their thriftlessness;

2、Born with a clubfoot, his early years had been far from being happy;At ten, the boy was made Lord Byron by the death of a granduncle. While studying at Harrow and Cambridge, Byron published his first collection of poems “Hours of Idleness” (1807).4Byrons lifeIn 1809 Byron started on a tour of Europe

3、 and the Orient, the first two cantos of Childe Harolds Pilgrimage. In 1816 he left England and spent eight years abroad, largely in Italy, where he was associated with Shelley until the latters tragic death in 1822.In 1824 Byron went to Greece, to give himself and a large part of his fortune to hel

4、p that country in its struggle for liberty against the Turks. Died in 1824.5Byrons major worksShe Walks in Beauty;Childe Harolds Pilgrimage;Don Juan.6She Walks in BeautyBackground information: Byron attended a party where he for the first time met his young cousin, lady Wilmot Horton, who was dresse

5、d in a black mourning gown. Byron was so struck by her beauty that, on returning home, he wrote this poem in a single night.Form of the poem: Three stanzas of iambic tetrameter, with a rhyme scheme of ababab.7She Walks in BeautyShe walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies

6、; And all thats best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellowd to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.ClimatesAppearanceBecome rich and softBrilliantly fine dayRefuses to give8She Walks in BeautyOne shade the more, one ray the less, Had half impaird the nameless

7、 grace “增之一分则太长，减之一分则太短。著粉则太白，施朱则太赤。” （宋玉描写“东家之子”的美） Which waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens oer her face; Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure, how dear their dwelling-place.DarknessBrightnessWould have damagedIndescribable eleganceDark-colored lock of hairReferring to the bo

8、dy9She Walks in BeautyAnd on that cheek, and oer that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent, The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tell of days in goodness spent, A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent!The smiles that capture peoples attentionThe radiant reddish color

9、that shinesShow that she has been living a life of purity and moral excellenceThe implied meaning is that she is kind towards everything below the heaven10Childe Harolds Pilgrimageits thematic matter The poem describes the travels and reflections of a world-weary young man who, disillusioned with a

10、life of pleasure and revelry, looks for distraction in foreign lands. 11Childe Harolds PilgrimageIts structure Canto I: The first canto of the poem is devoted to Portugal and Spain. Canto II: The second canto deals with Albania and Greece. Canto III: The third canto begins and ends with the touching

11、 address of the author to his daughter, Ada. Canto IV: The fourth canto sings the beauty of Italy. 12Childe Harolds PilgrimageStanzaic form Childe Harolds Pilgrimage is written in the Spenserian stanza, a nine-line stanza made up of 8 lines of iambic pentameter ending with an Alexandrine (iambic hex

12、ameter). Its rhyme scheme is ababbcbcc. This stanza was common to travel literature at the time, and the poem is unified by the travel motif.13Childe Harolds PilgrimageByronic hero: As a leading Romanticist, Byrons chief contribution is his creation of the Byronic hero, a proud, mysterious rebel fig

13、ure of noble origin. With immense superiority in his passions and powers, this “Byronic hero” would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral pr

14、inciples with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies.14Don JuanThematic matter: Although many of Byrons contemporaries focused on the poets indictment of English high society in Don Juan, the poem actually contains myriad subjects and offers sardonic commentary on a vast range of societal il

15、ls. Upright Regency-era摄政时期的（views of love and sexuality are among Byrons central targets, but Don Juan also offers biting commentary on war, religion, restraints on personal liberty and freedom of speech, and injustices rendered upon societys weakest inhabitants. 15Don JuanStanzaic form: Each stanz

16、a of the epic is written in ottava rima (abababcc), that is, each stanza contains 8 iambic pentameter lines. (The part selected in the textbook is different from the rest of the poem metrically, consisting of sixteen six-lined stanzas of iambic tetrameter, with a rime scheme of ababcc). 16一希腊群岛呵，美丽的

17、希腊群岛！火热的萨弗在这里唱过恋歌；在这里，战争与和平的艺术并兴，狄洛斯崛起，阿波罗跃出海面！永恒的夏天还把海岛镀成金，可是除了太阳，一切已经消沉。二开奥的缪斯，蒂奥的缪斯，那英雄的竖琴，恋人的琵琶，原在你的岸上博得了声誉，而今在这发源地反倒喑哑；呵，那歌声已远远向西流传，远超过你祖先的“海岛乐园”。 17三起伏的山峦望着马拉松马拉松望着茫茫的海波；我独自在那里冥想一刻钟，梦想希腊仍旧自由而欢乐；因为，当我在波斯墓上站立，我不能想象自己是个奴隶。四一个国王高高坐在石山顶，了望着萨拉密挺立于海外；千万只船舶在山下靠停，还有多少队伍全由他统率！他在天亮时把他们数了数，但日落的时候他们都在何处？18

18、五呵，他们而今安在？还有你呢，我的祖国？在无声的土地上，英雄的颂歌如今已沉寂那英雄的心也不再激荡！难道你一向庄严的竖琴，竟至沦落到我的手里弹弄？六也好，置身在奴隶民族里，尽管荣誉都已在沦丧中，至少，一个爱国志士的忧思，还使我的作歌时感到脸红；因为，诗人在这儿有什么能为？为希腊人含羞，对希腊国落泪。19七我们难道只好对时光悲哭和惭愧？我们的祖先却流血。大地呵！把斯巴达人的遗骨从你的怀抱里送回来一些！哪怕给我们三百勇士的三个，让德魔比利的决死战复活！八怎么，还是无声？一切都喑哑？不是的！你听那古代的英魂正象远方的瀑布一样喧哗，他们回答：“只要有一个活人登高一呼，我们就来，就来！”噫！倒只是活人不理

19、不睬。 20九算了，算了；试试别的调门：斟满一杯萨摩斯的美酒！把战争留给土耳其野人，让开奥的葡萄的血汁倾流！听呵，每一个酒鬼多么踊跃响应这一个不荣誉的号召！一0你们还保有庇瑞克的舞艺，但庇瑞克的方阵哪里去了？这是两课，为什么只记其一，而把高尚而坚强的一课忘掉？凯德谟斯给你们造了字体难道他是为了传授给奴隶？21一一把萨摩斯的美酒斟满一盅！让我们且抛开这样的话题！这美酒曾使阿纳克瑞翁发为神圣的歌；是的，他屈于波里克瑞底斯，一个暴君，但这暴君至少是我们国人。一二克索尼萨斯的一个暴君是自由的最忠勇的朋友：暴君米太亚得留名至今！呵，但愿现在我们能够有一个暴君和他一样精明，他会团结我们不受人欺凌！22一三

20、把萨摩斯的美酒斟满一盅！在苏里的山岩，巴加的岸上，住着一族人的勇敢的子孙，不愧是斯巴达的母亲所养；在那里，也许种子已经散播，是赫剌克勒斯血统的真传。一四自由的事业别依靠西方人，他们有一个做买卖的国王；本土的利剑，本土的士兵，是冲锋陷阵的唯一希望；但土耳其武力，拉丁的欺骗，会里应外合把你们的盾打穿。23一五 把萨摩斯的美酒斟满一盅！树荫下正舞蹈着我们的姑娘我看见她们的黑眼亮晶晶，但是，望着每个鲜艳的姑娘，我的眼就为火热的泪所迷，这乳房难道也要哺育奴隶？一六让我攀登苏尼阿的悬崖，可以听见彼此飘送着悄悄话，让我象天鹅一样歌尽而亡；我不要奴隶的国度属于我干脆把那萨摩斯酒杯打破！查良铮 译 24When

21、 We Two PartedWhat does the poem express? The sorrow of a lady who is betrayed by her lover, and she is reproaching him for his cold-heartedness.What is the metrical movement of the poem? A combination of iambic and anapaestic(抑抑扬格的) feet, with a rhyme scheme ababcdcd.25When We Two PartedWhen we two

22、 parted In silence and tears,Half broken-hearted To sever for years, /sev(r)/ Pale grew thy cheek and cold, Colder thy kiss; Truly that hour foretold Sorrow to this!SeparateThis moment昔日依依别， 泪流默无言； 离恨肝肠断， 此别又几年。 冷颊何惨然， 一吻寒更添； 日后伤心事， 此刻已预言。26When We Two PartedThe dew of the morning Sunk chill on my brow- It felt like th