情态动词 英语

1、 情态动词情态动词 modal verbs (1) 表示说话人的语气或情绪表示说话人的语气或情绪 情态动词有一定的意义情态动词有一定的意义, ,但不完整但不完整 不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语原形一起构成谓语 无人称和数的变化无人称和数的变化常用的情态动词常用的情态动词can （could）may（might）shall（should）will （would） must（must）dare （dared）need （need）have to ought to be able toused tohad betterStep 3. 情态动词基本用法：情

2、态动词基本用法： I. can / could 用法用法 1. 表示能力表示能力 （ could 是过去式）是过去式） (1). The police still havent found the lost child, but they are doing all they _. (11 Sichuan ) A. may B. can C. must D. should (2). Some of us _( 会使用会使用) the computer now, but we _ ( 不会不会 ) last year. can usecouldnt2. 表示猜测表示猜测 “可能可能”，一般用于，

3、一般用于疑问句疑问句和和否定否定句句（could 是过去式）是过去式） (1). It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock. (11 Jiangxi ) A. wont B. mustnt C. cant D. neednt (2). - _ ( 这个消息是真这个消息是真 的吗？的吗？)? - It _ ( 它不可能是真的它不可能是真的). Can the news be truecant be true(3). Just be patient. You _ ( 不可能不可能 期盼期盼) the world to change s

4、o soon. (10 NMET ) 4). You _ ( 不可能碰到不可能碰到) him yesterday. Hes studying abroad now. (5). - Ive taken someone elses green sweater by mistake. - It _ Harrys. He always wears green clothes. A. has to be B. will be C. mustnt be D. could be cant expectcant have met3. 表示请求和许可表示请求和许可 （could 表示更委婉的语表示更委婉的语 气

5、，回答时只能用气，回答时只能用 can ） (1). - Mum, Ive been studying English since 8 oclock. _ I go out and play with Tom for a while ? - No, Im afraid not. Besides, its raining outside now. A. Cant B. Wouldnt C. May not D. Wont (2). _ ( 请你指给我路请你指给我路) to the station ? (3). - Could I use your computer? - Yes, of cour

6、se _ ( 你可以你可以). Could you please show me the wayyou can4. 表示惊讶、怀疑或不相信的态度表示惊讶、怀疑或不相信的态度 （ 主要用于主要用于否定句、疑问句和感叹句）否定句、疑问句和感叹句） (1). - Isnt that Anns husband over there? - No, it _ be him - Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. A. wont B. mustnt C. may not D. cant (2). Mr. Bush is on time for everything. _ _( 怎

7、么可能怎么可能) that he was late for the opening ceremony? (3). This _ (不可能是他做的不可能是他做的); for he is always honest. (4). _ (你怎么能这你怎么能这 么傻么傻) to have done such a thing！ How can it becant / couldnt be done by himHow can you be so foolish5. can ( could ) 与与 be able to 的区别的区别 (1). They were determined to carry o

8、ut the plan at first, but then we _ persuade them to change their minds. A. would B. could C. were able to D. had to 时态 能力 can 只有现在时和过去式，而只有现在时和过去式，而 be able to 有更多的时态变化，如在将来时、完成时有更多的时态变化，如在将来时、完成时和非谓语动词中，可用和非谓语动词中，可用 be able to 。 can 指自身具有的能力，而指自身具有的能力，而 be able to 表示表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当经过一段时间的努力后

9、所具有的能力，相当于于 manage to do 或或 succeed in doing 。 (2). This time I failed in the exam, but I _ _ ( pass ) the exam next time. (3). The baby _ ( walk) in a few months. (3). He _( drive ) a car when he was 18. (4). By acting quickly, we _ ( save ) him from drowning. shall / will be able to passcould driv

10、ewere able to save(经过努力经过努力)will be able to walk( 表示将来的能力表示将来的能力)(5). A computer _ ( not think) for itself; it must be told what to do.(6). The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _( get ) out. (7). They _ ( run ) this machine on their own in three months. (8). That big cinema _

11、( seat ) 2,000 people. cant thinkwas able to getwill be able to runcan seatII. may / might 用法用法 表示许可、允许。表示许可、允许。might比比may 更委婉。更委婉。 以以 may / might 开头的问句在否定回答中用开头的问句在否定回答中用 mustnt . (1). - _ I take the book out ? - Im afraid not. (10 Sichuan) A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need (2). - May I use your telep

12、hone ? - No, _ ( 不可以不可以). (3). - _ ( 我可以我可以 借多长时间借多长时间) the book ? - You _ ( 可可 以借两星期以借两星期) . (4). Might I watch TV after supper? Yes, _ (你可以你可以) . (5). Its very late, so you _ _ ( 还是去睡吧还是去睡吧). you mustntHow long may / can I keepmay / can keep it for 2 weeksyou may might / may as well go to bed2. 表示

13、把握不大的推测，意为表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能、也许可能、也许”，用于肯定句和否定句。用于肯定句和否定句。might 表示语气更加不表示语气更加不肯定。肯定。 (1). Some people who dont like to talk to much are not necessarily shy, they _ just be quiet people. ( 09 Anhui ) A. must B. may C. should D. would (2). He _(可能不会来可能不会来 ) tomorrow, since hes not quite himself. (3). I t

14、hought you _ ( 可能喜欢读点东西可能喜欢读点东西), so I bought some books for you. (4). - What _ they _ ( 他们可能在谈论什么他们可能在谈论什么) ? - They _( 可可 能在谈论能在谈论) the problem raised at the meeting. may not comemight like something to readcan be talking aboutmay / might be talking about(5). - Excuse me. Is this the right way to

15、the Summer Palace? - Sorry, I am not sure, but it _ be. A. can B. will C. could D. might 3. 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 (1). _ you be happy on your wedding day ! A. Might B. May C. Hope D. Wish (2). _ ( 祝你旅途祝你旅途 愉快愉快) on your journey ! (3). _ ( 祝你心祝你心 想事成想事成) and a successful life! May you have a good ti

16、meMay you all wishes come trueIII. must 用法用法 1. 表示表示 “必须必须” ，语气比，语气比 should / ought to 强强烈。其否定形式为烈。其否定形式为 mustnt （不准，禁止）。（不准，禁止）。以以 must开头的一般问句的肯定回答用开头的一般问句的肯定回答用must ， 否定回答用否定回答用 neednt / dont have to (1). Advertisements are powerful and some companies try to mislead us, so we _ be careful when rea

17、ding them. A. can B. may C. must D.would (2). You _( 必须练习必须练习) your spoken English if you want to improve. (3). Children under 12 years of age in that country _ ( 必须必须 ) under adult supervision when in a public library. (4). - Must I hand in my exercises today ? - No, you_ . (5). - May I take this b

18、ook out of the reading room? - No, you _. You read it in here. ( 10 Shanxi) must practicemust beneednt / dont have tomustnt2. 表示不服从、反感或怀疑，意为表示不服从、反感或怀疑，意为“，偏要，偏要，一定要一定要 、非得、非得”. (1). If you _ go , at least wait until the storm is over. ( 11 Liaoning) A. can B. may C. must D. will (2). Why _ you _ (非

19、得弄出非得弄出 ) so much noise? (3). Why _ you _ ( 偏要违背偏要违背) my will? must makemust act against(4). Have you ever thought why the robber _ (偏要露出来偏要露出来 - expose ) the scar on his face? must have exposed(5). Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise. ( 10 Liaoning) A. ca

20、n B. will C. must D. may (7). I have told you the truth. _I keep repeating it ? ( 10 Jiangxi) A. Can B. May C. Will D. Must 3. 表示有把握的肯定推测，意为表示有把握的肯定推测，意为“一定一定 ，肯，肯定定 ，准是，准是” ; 只用于肯定句。只用于肯定句。(1). - Hi, Tom, Any idea where Jane is ? - She _ in the classroom. I saw her there just now. ( 09 Zhongqing) A

21、. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been (2). Mother _ ( 肯定已肯定已 经知道经知道) our secret. (3). She _ ( 一定很累一定很累 ) after such a long walk. must have knownmust be tired(4). My watch doesnt work. There _ ( 一定一定 ) something wrong with it. (5). He _ ( 肯定在睡觉肯定在睡觉) now. (6). I didnt hear the

22、phone. I _ (一定已经一定已经) asleep . (7). - Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personal Department. - Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs. Peters. (10 Beijing) A. might B. must C. would D. can must bemust be sleepingmust have beenIV. will / would 用法用法 1. 表示意志、意愿。用于各种人称，表示意志、意愿。用于各种人称，w

23、ill 指现指现在，在， would 指过去。指过去。 ( 1). - Its so cold ! Why not close the door? - Sorry. It _. Ill have it repaired soon. A. wont shut B. wont be shut C. hasnt shut D. cant be shut (2). John promised his doctor that he _ _ ( 不再吸烟不再吸烟) , and he has never smoked ever since. ( 09 Beijing) (3). He said he _ (

24、愿意帮助愿意帮助 ) us if we asked him to . (4). I _ ( 愿意告诉你一切愿意告诉你一切) about it. wouldnt smokewould helpwill tell you all2. 表示请求、建议。用于第二人称的疑问句，表示请求、建议。用于第二人称的疑问句，would 表示更委婉的语气表示更委婉的语气. would 表示请求用于表示请求用于疑问句时，其肯定回答用疑问句时，其肯定回答用 will . (1). _ you pass the message to him for me when you pass by his office? Whic

25、h of the followings is not fit here? A. Will B. Could C. Would D. Shall (2). _ (你愿意你愿意 ) opening the window for me? (3). - _ ( 你愿你愿 意行行好意行行好) enough to help him? - Yes, _ ( 我愿意我愿意). Would / Will you mindWould / Will you be kindI will3. 表示某种倾向或过去习惯性动作。表示某种倾向或过去习惯性动作。(1). When we worked in the same of

26、fice, we _ often have coffee together. A. might B. should C. could D. would (2). Fish _ ( 会死的会死的) without water. (3). - Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? - I wanted to, but my mom simply _ ( 总是不让我出去总是不让我出去) so late at night. ( 11 Zhongqing) (4). - Does he often take a walk near the wood

27、 in the evening? - No, but he _ (过去常常过去常常 ) . will diewouldnt let me outused toV. shall / should 用法用法: 1. 用于第一、第三人称的问句，表示征求对方用于第一、第三人称的问句，表示征求对方意见。意见。 (1). - To stop the plant from exploding is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job ? - _ the brave workers have a try? A. Shall B.

28、 Must C. Will D. May (2). - The room is so dirty. _ ( 我们可以打扫吗我们可以打扫吗) ? - Of course. (3). - _( 他可以来看他可以来看) you ? - Of course, please. And Id rather he told me the truth. Shall we clean itShall he come to see2. shall 用于第二、第三人称，表示允许、答应、用于第二、第三人称，表示允许、答应、承诺、警告、命令、决心、威胁等承诺、警告、命令、决心、威胁等(1). He asked me f

29、or this book many times. Please tell him he_ have it tomorrow. A. must B. should C. shall D. will (2). - Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. - You _ ( 不能用不能用) my computer if you dont take care of it. shant use / have(3). - Mum, Im free tomorrow. Can I go and hang about with

30、my friends? - You bet. You _ (可以有可以有 ) ten dollars as well. (4). It has been announced that all the students _ ( 必须戴上必须戴上) masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus. (5). You _( 不会得到不会得到) my support if you do such a thing. shall haveshall put onshant get(6). - I havent g

31、ot the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. - Dont worry. You _ have it by Friday. ( 10 Jiangsu) A. could B. shall C. must D. may (7). - Will you read me a story, Mummy? - Ok. You _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. (11 Shanxi) A. might B. must C. could D.

32、shall 3. shall 用于第三人称，用于第三人称， 表示法律条文、规章表示法律条文、规章制度的规定。制度的规定。 (1). “ The interest _ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall (2). According to the law of Venice, his possessions _ ( 应该分配应该分配) between the city of

33、Venice and the person he wanted to kill. (3). It has been announced that candidates _ ( 必须留在必须留在) in their seats until all the papers have been collected. shall be dividedshall remain4. should 表示应当、应该。等于表示应当、应该。等于ought to (1). I _ pay Tracy a visit, but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sund

34、ay. A. might B. would C. could D. should (2). We _ ( 应该帮助应该帮助) others when they are in trouble. (3). - Steve, you are too fat. You _ _ ( 不应该喝不应该喝) so much beer. - I know I _ ( 不应该不应该 ), but I like it. should help shouldnt drinkshouldnt5. should 表示劝告或建议，意思是表示劝告或建议，意思是“应该应该”。 (1). - I dont care what p

35、eople think. - Well, you _. ( 09 Sichuan ) A. could B. would C. should D. might (2). I _( 应该建议应该建议) you not to follow his words. (3). Children _ ( 应该被告知应该被告知) the truth. should adviseshould be told6. should 表示推测、可能性。表示推测、可能性。 这时这时 should 要比要比 can, may 更肯定。更肯定。 (1). - When can I take the photos ? - I

36、 think they _ be ready by twelve oclock. A. would B. should C. might D. could (2). If the train is on time, she _ ( 应该到达应该到达) in Beijing by seven. (3). They _ ( 应该在那儿应该在那儿) by now, I think. should arriveshould be there7. should 表示惊讶，意思是表示惊讶，意思是 “居然、竟然居然、竟然 ” (1). Can you believe that he _ marry such

37、 a girl much older than him? A. would B. should C. can D. shall (2). - Oh my god! You _ ( 居然穿居然穿) slippers to attend the conference. - Im sorry I forgot there is a conference. (3). Its strange that he _ have done such a thing. A. could B. would C. might D. should should wearVI. Practice: - I hear yo

38、u have got a set of valuable Australian coins, _ I have a look? - Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C. Must D. Should 2. John, look at the time, _ you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. Need D. May 3. Jenny likes working with computers and _ do a lot of clever things with them. A. may

39、B. should C. can D. must 4. Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. A. shall B. must C. may D. can 5. Its reported that 20 students were sent to hospital because of food poisoning, but only eleven _ be saved. A. could B. would C. were able to D. might 6. A left-luggage office is

40、 a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A. should B. can C. must D. will 7. Mr. Bush is on time for everything . How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 8. - I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.

41、 - It _ be true because there was little snow there. A. would B. could C. couldnt D. can 9. - Mum, Ive been studying English since 8 oclock. _ I go out and play with Tom for a while? - No, Im afraid not. Besides, its raining outside now. A. cant B. wouldnt C. May not D. Wont 10. - Excuse me, is this

42、 the right way to the Summer Palace? - Sorry, Im not sure. But it _ be. A. might B. will C. must D. can 11. - Is John coming by train? - He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may 12. - Could I call you by your first name? - Yes, you _. A. will B. could C. may D

43、. might 13. Whoever can answer one of my questions _ receive a prize. A. shall B. will C. should D. would 14. I _ pay Tracy a visit, but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. A. should B. might C. would D. could 15. - When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. - They

44、 _ be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need 16. - Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type report. - You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it. A. shant B. mightnt C. neednt D. shouldnt 17. Ill let you see the patient in an hour if you _ wait here. A. shall B. will C. must 18. - Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. - No, _. A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent 19. Let us stay here, _? A. shall we B. will we C. will you D. may you 20. - Who is the girl standing over there? - Well, if you _ know, her name is Mabel. A. may B. can C. m