介词+关系代词最终版

1、Preposition +which / +whomATTIBUTIVE: FOLLOW ME!ATTIBUTIVE: FOLLOW ME!定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句: 由关系代词由关系代词_ 或关系或关系副词副词_引导的句子用来修饰主句中的某一个名词引导的句子用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词的从句或代词的从句,起着起着定语定语的作用的作用.定语从句所修饰的词叫做定语从句所修饰的词叫做_; 定语从句跟在定语从句跟在先行词先行词的后面的后面.构成方式构成方式: _.关系代词或副词的三重功能关系代词或副词的三重功能: 连接主从句连接主从句; 指代先行词指代先行词; 在从句中作在从句中作句子成

2、分句子成分.that, which, who, whom, whosewhere, when, why先行词先行词关系代词或副词陈述语序关系代词或副词陈述语序Prep.+whomwhichTipsthatThis is the house.A famous writer once lived in it.This is the house in which a famous writer once lived.whereI will never forget the day.I joined the League on the day. I will never forget the day

3、on which I joined the League.whenThe house is going to be rebuilt.We put our tools in it. The house in which (where) we put our tools is going to be rebuilt.=The house in which we put our tools is going to be rebuilt.=The house (that) we put our tools in is going to be rebuilt. The lady lost her pur

4、se.Mr Smith is talking to her. The lady to whom Mr Smith is talking lost her purse.*如果介词与其前面的动词是如果介词与其前面的动词是固固定搭配定搭配的动词短语，介词不可的动词短语，介词不可前置。前置。Examples:TipsBob found the dictionary.I had been looking for it.Bob found the dictionary (that) I had been looking for.This is the boy whom she has taken care

5、 of.This is the boy.She has taken care of him.1) 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配。看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配。This is the book _ which you asked.注意注意: 动词短语不能拆开即介词不能动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前。提前。e.g. The old man whom I am looking after is better.for如何判断介词如何判断介词2) 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配。看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配。He referred me to some reference books _ which

6、I am not very familiar.with3) 根据先行词判断根据先行词判断, 所用的介词与先行词所用的介词与先行词搭配。搭配。This is our classroom, _ which there is a teachers desk.in the front ofwhose的先行词指物时，可用的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语代替，但语序不同，即序不同，即whose+名词名词 = the+名词名词+of which，或，或= of which + the + 名词。如：名词。如：The novel whose title (= the title of which

7、或或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting. whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。也可以指物。whose的先行词指人时，可用的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，代替，但语序不同，即但语序不同，即whose+名词名词 = the+名词名词+of whom，或，或= of whom + the + 名词。如：名词。如：The boy whose mother (= the mother of whom或或of whom the mother) is a doctor

8、is my friend.关系副词关系副词: when, where, why(1) when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。指时间，在从句中作时间状语。(2) where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。指地点，在从句中作地点状语。(3) why的先行词只有的先行词只有reason，why在从句中作原因状语。在从句中作原因状语。 关系副词关系副词 = 介词介词 + 关系代词关系代词= for which某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when,Where,和why互换关系副词关系副词 whereThis is the house (which/that ) he

9、 used to live in.This is the house in which / where he used to live.I know of a place (which /that ) we can swim in.I know of a place in which / where we can swim.试比较：试比较：The place _ we visited yesterday is a school for disabled children.The place _ Jiang Jieshi once used to lived has become a place

10、 of interest.(which/ that)where/ in whichTheyll never forget July 1 _ Hong Kong returned to its motherland.The days _ we used foreign oil are gone forever.关系副词关系副词whenThere was a time _ the businessman lost heart.when= on whichwhen= on whichwhen试比较：试比较： Do you still remember the day _ we spent happi

11、ly together? Do you still remember the day _we spent our holiday happily together? Do you still remember the day_ we went to visit the Summer Palace?(which/ that)whenwhen先行词是表示原因的名词，先行词是表示原因的名词，即即reason，在定语从句中充在定语从句中充当原因状语，当原因状语，用用why，这时一般可以用这时一般可以用for which来代来代替替:I dont know the reason why/ for whi

12、ch he did it.The reason why/ for which he was fired was not clear. 试比较：试比较：The reason _he explained to the teacher is not true.The reason _ was explained to the teacher is not true.(which/ that)（作宾语）（作宾语） which /that （作主语）（作主语）Practice1.Do you know who lives in the building_there is a well? A.in fro

13、nt of it B. in front of whose C.in front of which D.in front which2.Ill never forget the day_I joined the League. A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which3.The woman_my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B.to whom C.to who D whom4.Jeanne was her old friend,_she borrowed a necklace. A.from

14、who B.from whom C.to that D.to whom5.His glasses,_he was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke its leg. A.which B.with which C.without which D.thatCABBC6.she is a teacher of much knowledge,_much can be learned. A.who B.that C. from which D.from whom7.He built a telescope_he could study the s

15、kies. A.in which B.with that C.through whichD.by it8.Do you know the reason_he was late? A.that B.which C.for what D.for which9.I have bought two ballpens,_writes well. A.none of which B.neither of which C.none of them D.neither of them10.The Second World War_millions of people were killed in 1945.

16、A.during which B.in that C.where D.on whichDCDBA11.China has many rivers,_the Changjiang River is the longest. A.which B. in which C.among which D. one of which12.This is the very knife_I used to cut apples yesterday. A.that B.by which C.which D.with which13.The speed_which you drive your car mustnt

17、 too high.14.In the park there are many flowers,the colour_ which is bright and nice.15.The little girl is reading a book,_which there are many pictures.16.What were the things_which he was not too sure?CDatofinabout17.They held a meeting,_which the hospital director made a speech.18.The book,_which

18、 he paid 6 yuan,is worth reading.19.Is this the man_whose house the police found the lost coloured TV?20.The villagers dug along tunnel_which they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.21.Wu Dong,_whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.22.The stories about Lon

19、g March,_which this is one example,are well written.atforinthroughwithof 介词介词关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句, ,关关键是判断键是判断介词的选择介词的选择, ,方法一是看从句方法一是看从句谓语部分谓语部分缺少什么介词缺少什么介词( (习惯搭配习惯搭配), ),再再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断, ,结合生活实际来判断结合生活实际来判断. . Tips介词加关系代词引导定语从句是近几年高考中的热介词加关系代词引导定语从句是近几年高考中的热点，需注意以下几个问题：点，需注意以

20、下几个问题：1.1.关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从关系代词作介词宾语，不论是在限制性定语从句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置句中，还是在非限制性定语从句中，当介词前置时，只能用时，只能用 whomwhom 指人，指人，which which 指物；但如果介指物；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，特别是在口语中。如：特别是在口语中。如： Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to?

21、 The pencil (which / that) he was writing with suddenly broke.2. 要确认关系代词前用什么介词，要确认关系代词前用什么介词， 需根据从句中的动词与先行词的关需根据从句中的动词与先行词的关 系来确定。所以解题时需分析从句系来确定。所以解题时需分析从句 与主句之间的关系。与主句之间的关系。巩固练习：巩固练习： American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently. （04上海）上海） A. who B. as C.

22、about which D. with whom 2. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. （04全国全国I） A for whichB at which C in which D on which3. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _ five are mine. （04全国全国IV） A on which B in which C of which D from which4. The journey

23、 around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days.（04广西）广西） A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for whichA AD DC CC CCompetition 介词加关系代词的基本用法The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.Did you find the p

24、en _ I wrote just now?Did you find the paper _ I wrote my letter?Did you find the composition _ I wrote just now? with whomin whichwith whichon whichwhich The farm we worked ten years ago isnt what it used to be. He is the man you can turn for help. This is the tree we used to play games.on whichto whomunder whichn The sun gives us heat and light, _ we cant live.n The student _ we were talking just now is the best student in our class.n Ill never forget the da