高一第三册unit5Canadathetruenorthreading2fastreadingandlanguagepoints

1、toronto toronto maple treescn tower toronto from the cn tower.niagara fallschinatownmontreal 蒙特利尔是加拿大第二大城市和世界蒙特利尔是加拿大第二大城市和世界最大河港之一最大河港之一,全国工商业、金融、文化中心。全国工商业、金融、文化中心。 olympic stadium old montreal st. lawrence riverread the passage then answer questions on p39.1. how do we know it is fall in canada?2

2、. what can sometimes be seen from the cn tower in toronto?3. where does the water from the lake go?because the maple trees are red and gold and orange, and there is frost on the ground.sometimes the misty cloud that rises from niagara falls can be seen from the cn tower.the water from the lake goes

3、into the niagara river and over the falls on its way to the sea.4. why is there good cantonese food in toronto?5. which direction is the train going from toronto?6. why did the girls go to old montreal?there is good cantonese food in toronto because most of the chinese people there came from the sou

4、th of china, especially hong kong.the train is going east (northeast) from toronto.because it is close to the water / to see the lovely shops and the artists.7. what three things show us that montreal is a french city?good coffee, good bread and good music show that montreal is a french city. also t

5、he signs and ads were in french. they knew fall had arrived in canada, for they saw the red _ _ and _ on the ground. in toronto, they went up the tall _ _. on top of it they saw the misty cloud that rose from the _ _ _ . as they walked north from the harbour, li daiyumaple treesfrost cn towergreat n

6、iagara fallsphoned one of her mothers friends from a _ _. it was a pity that they couldnt go _ _ _ ottawa. the train _ _ montreal _ _the next morning. they found montreal is a _ country because there were signs and ads in french. telephone boothas far asat dawnfrench-speaking arrived in1. they were

7、not leaving for montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city. 她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔,因此就在多伦多市内游览了一番。因此就在多伦多市内游览了一番。language points 1) they were not leaving for.属于过去属于过去进行时表示将来的动作。进行时表示将来的动作。 表示位置转移的瞬间动词。如表示位置转移的瞬间动词。如: come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等可用进行时

8、表示将来的动等可用进行时表示将来的动作作;用现在进行时表示一般将来时用现在进行时表示一般将来时;用用过去进行时表示过去将来时。过去进行时表示过去将来时。 the train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。火车就要进站了。2) until/till 直到直到为止为止 until常与否定句连用常与否定句连用, notuntil 直直到到才才 he didnt finish the work until yesterday. 肯定形式表示的意思是肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至做某事直至某时某时”, 动词必须是延续性的。动词必须是延续性的。 否定形式表达的意思是否定形式表达的意

9、思是“直至某时才直至某时才做某事做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。可以。肯定句：肯定句： i slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 wait till i call you. 等着我叫你。等着我叫你。否定句：否定句： she didnt arrive until 6 oclock.她直到她直到6点才到。点才到。 dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。公共汽车停稳后再下车。否定句可用另外两种句式表示。否定句可用另外两种句式表示。 a. not

10、until 在句首在句首, 主句用倒装。主句用倒装。 not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到直到19 世纪初世纪初, 人类才知道热能是人类才知道热能是什么。什么。b. 用于强调句用于强调句it is not until that it was not until i told him that he knew about it.it was _ yesterday _ i was wrong. a. until; did i realize b. not until; did i r

11、ealize c. until; that i realized d. not until; that i realizedd2. we can get good cantonese food here, because most of the chinese people here come from south china, especially hong kong. especially表示表示“尤其尤其, 格外格外,特别特别”,意意思相当于思相当于“in particular ”或或“particularly”。多用在介词短语或连。多用在介词短语或连词前面。词前面。specially表

12、示表示“为了一个特别的目的为了一个特别的目的,专门地专门地, 特别地特别地”, 意思相当于意思相当于“for a special reason or purpose”。i came specially to see you. 我特地来看你。我特地来看你。the weather has been especially cold. 最近天气特别冷。最近天气特别冷。its always difficult being in a foreign country, _if you dont speak the language. a. extremely b. especially c. special

13、ly d. naturally bextremely表示程度表示程度“极其、非常极其、非常”, specially表示表示“特地、专门特地、专门”, 而而naturally表示表示“自然地自然地”, 均与句意不均与句意不符。符。especially表示表示“尤其、特别、格尤其、特别、格外外”, 强调突出性强调突出性, 用在此处用在此处, 句意通顺。句意通顺。3. its too bad you cant go as far as ottawa. as far as (程度副词程度副词) “远达，远至远达，远至” he walked as far as the railway station y

14、esterday evening. 昨天傍晚昨天傍晚, 他一直散步到火车站。他一直散步到火车站。一些带有一些带有as.as 结构的常见短语：结构的常见短语： as busy as a bee 像蜜蜂一样忙碌像蜜蜂一样忙碌 as easy as abc 像像abc一样容易一样容易 as deep as a well 像井一样深像井一样深 as light as a feather 像羽毛一样轻像羽毛一样轻 as soft as butter 像黄油一样软像黄油一样软 as rich as a jew 像犹太人一样富裕像犹太人一样富裕4. the train left late that nigh

15、t and arrived in montreal at dawn the next morning.火车在那夜晚些时候火车在那夜晚些时候起程起程,第二天黎明到达了蒙特利尔。第二天黎明到达了蒙特利尔。 at, on, in表示时间的用法区别表示时间的用法区别 at表示时间点表示时间点,常用来表示时刻常用来表示时刻,如果如果一段时间按时间点对待也用一段时间按时间点对待也用at。 at 2:30, at dawn /noon /night /dusk /sunrise /sunset /breakfast /lunch dinner /supper, at this /that time, at

16、the beginning of this century at也可以表示节假日也可以表示节假日, 例如：例如：at easter, at christmas on表示一天或某一天的一部分。表示一天或某一天的一部分。 例如例如:on monday, on september 26, on monday morning, on friday evening in表示少于一天或多于一天的时表示少于一天或多于一天的时间段。间段。 如如: in the morning /afternoon /evening, in a week, in three days, in may, in spring, i

17、n 2002, in my childhood 注注: morning, afternoon, evening, night这些名词如果有一个表示具这些名词如果有一个表示具体某一天的名词作定语时体某一天的名词作定语时,介词不介词不用用in 或或at, 而应该用而应该用on。 如如: on thursday evening, on a cold winter morning, on the afternoon of april 8, on the night of his return 5. as they sat in a caf looking over the broad st. lawr

18、ence river, a young man sat down with them. wide 和和 broad 都是都是“广阔广阔”的意思的意思,常可换用常可换用,但说但说 wide 时时,着重于一边到着重于一边到另一边的距离另一边的距离,而说而说 broad 时着重于时着重于幅面的宽广幅面的宽广,可修饰背、肩、胸可修饰背、肩、胸,心胸心胸等的宽阔等的宽阔,还有还有“开朗开朗”之意。之意。the river is 300 feet broad (wide). 这条河有三百多尺宽。这条河有三百多尺宽。 the door is wide open. 门大开。门大开。 we saw the br

19、oad ocean. 我们看到了广阔的海洋。我们看到了广阔的海洋。his back (shoulder, chest) is broad. 他的背部他的背部(肩膀、胸部肩膀、胸部)很宽阔。很宽阔。这两个词的常用搭配如下：这两个词的常用搭配如下： wide eyes 睁大的眼睛睁大的眼睛 a wide mouth 一张大嘴一张大嘴 the wide world 广阔的世界广阔的世界 wide interests 广泛的兴趣广泛的兴趣 a man with broad bosom 胸围很阔的人胸围很阔的人 the broad ocean 无际的海洋无际的海洋 broad shoulders 宽宽的

20、肩膀宽宽的肩膀 the broad masses 广大群众广大群众 broad chest (back) 宽宽的胸膛宽宽的胸膛(背背) broad in size 身材宽大身材宽大,体积宽大体积宽大 6.confirm:vt, 1.证实，确认，批准证实，确认，批准 2.使（信仰等）坚定使（信仰等）坚定confirm sth confirm that.confirm sb in sthexamples;1.id like to confirm my flight to new york. 2. when asked, she confirmed that she was going to ret

21、ire.3. im confimed in my faith. 确认确认/ /证明某事证明某事 证实证实.使某人确信使某人确信/ /坚定坚定7.impress：vt. 使印象深刻，使铭记使印象深刻，使铭记1.the 2010 shanghai world expo has impressed the people deeply.2. i was strongly impressed by/with his lecture. 3.my father impressed on me the importance of hard study.4.what he said and did was re

22、ally impressed on/upon me/my memory.be impressed by/with对对.留下深刻的印象留下深刻的印象某事物使某人印象深刻某事物使某人印象深刻sth impress sb让某人牢记某事物让某人牢记某事物impress on sb sthimpress sth on/upon ones mind/memory把把.牢记在心牢记在心被动形式被动形式:sth be impressed on/upon sb/ones mind/memory8. terrify:vt:使恐怖；恐吓使恐怖；恐吓1.the thunder terrified the childr

23、en.2.we are terrified of the sandstorm.3.the child was terrified at/by the noise.be terrified of对对感到恐惧感到恐惧be terrified at/by被被吓一跳吓一跳terrifying;adj, 令人害怕的；可怕的令人害怕的；可怕的terrified:adj,恐惧的；受惊吓的恐惧的；受惊吓的a terrifying storm is on its way. 9. within&in the house has been painted within and without.she is pure

24、 within.within:(1)adv;里面地，里面地，内心地内心地within后接表示时间长度或距离的名词后接表示时间长度或距离的名词强调强调“不超出，在不超出，在里面，在里面，在的范围内的范围内”ill be back within three days 在三日内在三日内within two metres在三米内在三米内in后接表示时间长度的名词，意为后接表示时间长度的名词，意为“过多长时间，过多长时间，在多少时间内，强调在多少时间内，强调“不少于不少于”，此外还可表示穿着此外还可表示穿着ill be back in three days三日后三日后the girl is in red

25、.within:(2)prep;在在之内之内10. 独立主格结构独立主格结构:独立主格结构主要表示谓独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。相当于一个状语从句或并列句。1.名词名词/代词代词+现在分词现在分词名词名词/代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系。代词与现在分词之间是主谓关系。time permitting(= if time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow.2.名词名词/代词代词+过去分词过去分词名词名词/代词与过去分词之间是动宾关系代词与过去

26、分词之间是动宾关系the problems solved(=as the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.3.名词名词/代词代词+不定式不定式名词名词/代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。且强调的是一次具体性的动作。they said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore.4.名词名词/代词代词+形容词形容词an air accident happened to th

27、e plane,nobody alive. 5.名词名词/代词代词+副词副词the meeting over, they all went home. 6.名词名词/代词代词+介词短语介词短语the boy goes to the classroom,book in hand. 7.there being +名词（代词）名词（代词）there being nothing else to do, we went home.8.it being +名词（代词）名词（代词）it being a holiday, all the shops were shut.特点特点1 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与

28、句子的主语不同，）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。它独立存在。 2 2）名词或代词与后面的现在分词，形容词，副词，）名词或代词与后面的现在分词，形容词，副词，不定不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。式，介词等是主谓关系。 3 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 注：独立主格结构有时可在其前加上介词注：独立主格结构有时可在其前加上介词with。she came in with a book in her hand. 11.lie in/on/to/off1、lie to表两地相隔一定距离表两地相隔一定距离，如：，如： shanghai lies

29、 to the south of beijing. 2、lie in前者位于后者范围之内前者位于后者范围之内，如：，如： guangzhou lies in the south of china. 3、lie on前后两者相邻前后两者相邻，如：，如： shandong lies on the east of henan. 4、lie off后不直接加方向词，而是为某一地点，常为后不直接加方向词，而是为某一地点，常为海岸等。海岸等。 常指水中岛屿等，意常指水中岛屿等，意“相隔、相离相隔、相离”，如：如： many islands lie off chinas east coast. lie表方位表方位“位于位于”常与介词搭配，常是常与介词搭配，常是介词介词the方向。方向。12.mix:vt/vi;混合；调配混合；调配; 交往交往if yuo mix blue and yellow, you will get green.oil and water wont mix.he didnt mix freely with the people.b