第03章吸附、催化作用与催化剂

1、成英之成英之化学工程学院化学工程学院22021-10-1732021-10-1742021-10-1752021-10-1762021-10-1772021-10-1782021-10-1792021-10-17C2H5OH350380 Al2O3Al2O3250 C2H4 + H2O(C2H5)2 O + H2O102021-10-17112021-10-17122021-10-17132021-10-17142021-10-17152021-10-17162021-10-17172021-10-17182021-10-17192021-10-17202021-10-17不同温度下氢气气氛烧

2、结不同温度下氢气气氛烧结10h的的Al2O3陶瓷断面形貌陶瓷断面形貌1700氢气气氛烧结氢气气氛烧结5h、10h、15h的的Al2O3陶瓷形貌陶瓷形貌 212021-10-17222021-10-17232021-10-17242021-10-17Ska 指定反应物进料的量量已转化的指定反应物的转化率）100(x252021-10-17量已转化的指定反应物的反应物的量转化成目的产物的指定选择性）100(s指定反应物进料的量反应物的量转化成目的产物的指定产率）100(YxsY262021-10-17)/(67.1041243000 . 21000150003.hmkgYST催化剂272021-1

3、0-17282021-10-17292021-10-17302021-10-17v 反应能垒反应能垒v 表面吸附表面吸附v 活性中心活性中心312021-10-17322021-10-17332021-10-17342021-10-17aa(1)rk pddrkad1k pkadak pkk pKkkda352021-10-17Kp1KpKp1362021-10-17KpKp1p1Kp11KpKpKp1372021-10-17KpKp1KpKpVVm1mmVpKVVp1382021-10-17KpKp1Kp392021-10-17A1 -dBAA1a)1 (krpkrB1dBAB1a)1 (k

4、rpkr达吸附平衡时，ra = rdAABAApK1BBBaBpK1402021-10-17BBAAAAApKpKpK11iiiiiiK pK pBBAABBBpKpKpK1412021-10-17422021-10-171lnapf432021-10-171(1)nkpn442021-10-17VpIIIIIIIVV452021-10-17462021-10-17mmpcpV ppV cVp0011()472021-10-17482021-10-17492021-10-17502021-10-17512021-10-17522021-10-17532021-10-17542021-10-17

5、552021-10-17562021-10-17572021-10-17582021-10-17592021-10-17602021-10-17612021-10-17622021-10-17632021-10-17642021-10-17652021-10-17662021-10-17672021-10-17682021-10-17692021-10-17702021-10-17712021-10-17722021-10-171本征反应速率观测到的反应速率732021-10-17742021-10-17752021-10-17762021-10-17772021-10-17782021-10

6、-17792021-10-17802021-10-17812021-10-17822021-10-17832021-10-17842021-10-17N+H+NH+852021-10-17N+LNL862021-10-17HAH+BaA-s+BH+a872021-10-17aaaBHpKBH0 lgHAH+BaA-s+BH+a882021-10-17aaBHpKA B0:lg:892021-10-17902021-10-17912021-10-17()922021-10-17932021-10-17942021-10-17952021-10-17962021-10-17972021-10-17

7、TiOOOOOOSiOO421433 982021-10-17992021-10-171002021-10-17沉淀可溶性金属盐沉淀剂浸渍H2SO4煅烧SO42-/MXOY500-6001012021-10-171022021-10-17-H2OOHOHAlHOOHOHHO-AlOHAlO+.OAlOOH-H2OHOOAlOO-L酸中心碱中心Al+1032021-10-17OH-O2-OH-OH-OH-OH-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O

8、2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-O2-aba中氧离子具有碱性，中氧离子具有碱性，b中的中的Al具有具有L酸性酸性 :代表代表AlAl2O3表面的脱水过程表面的脱水过程1042021-10-171052021-10-171062021-10-171072021-10-171082021-10-171092021-10-171102021-10-171112021-10-171122021-10-171132021-10-171142021-10-171152021-10-171162021-10-171172021-10-171182021-10-17

9、1192021-10-171202021-10-171212021-10-171222021-10-171232021-10-171242021-10-171252021-10-171262021-10-171272021-10-171282021-10-171292021-10-171302021-10-171312021-10-171322021-10-171332021-10-171342021-10-171352021-10-171362021-10-171372021-10-171382021-10-171392021-10-171402021-10-171412021-10-171

10、422021-10-17OSiOOOAl-OOONa+NH4+OSiOOOAl-OOONH4+NH3300500OSiOOOHAlOOOOSiOOOAl-OOOH+OSiOOOHAlOOOOSiOOOAl-OOO2H2O500OSi+OOAl-OOO+L1432021-10-171442021-10-171452021-10-171462021-10-171472021-10-171482021-10-171492021-10-171502021-10-171512021-10-171522021-10-171532021-10-171542021-10-171552021-10-171562

11、021-10-171572021-10-171582021-10-171592021-10-171602021-10-171612021-10-171622021-10-171632021-10-171642021-10-171652021-10-171662021-10-171672021-10-171682021-10-17 1692021-10-171702021-10-171712021-10-171722021-10-171732021-10-171742021-10-171752021-10-171762021-10-171772021-10-171782021-10-171792

12、021-10-171802021-10-171812021-10-171822021-10-171832021-10-17stnDn/g表表面面的的金金属属原原子子催催化化剂剂总总的的金金属属原原子子1842021-10-171852021-10-171862021-10-171872021-10-171882021-10-171892021-10-171902021-10-171912021-10-171922021-10-171932021-10-171942021-10-171952021-10-171962021-10-171972021-10-171982021-10-1719920

13、21-10-172002021-10-172012021-10-17 ( a ) （b ）2022021-10-172032021-10-17 ( a ) ( c )( b )2042021-10-172052021-10-172062021-10-172072021-10-172082021-10-172092021-10-172102021-10-172112021-10-172122021-10-172132021-10-172142021-10-172152021-10-172162021-10-172172021-10-172182021-10-172192021-10-172202

14、021-10-172212021-10-172222021-10-172232021-10-172242021-10-172252021-10-172262021-10-172272021-10-172282021-10-172292021-10-172302021-10-172312021-10-172322021-10-172332021-10-172342021-10-172352021-10-172362021-10-172372021-10-172382021-10-172392021-10-172402021-10-172412021-10-172422021-10-172432021-10-172442021-10-172452021-10-172462021-10-172472021-10-172482021-10