Lesson7Mutilatedladies

1、Everyday sentenceIf you want something youve never had, you must be willing to do something youve never done.” -Denzel Washingtozel“如果想得到你从没得到过的东西，你就要去做你从没做过的事情” 丹泽尔华盛顿Lesson07MutilatedladiesNew words and expression 生词和短语Mutilate v.使残缺不全(:damage by breaking; destroy the use of(a limb,etc) a mutilate

2、d/damaged note 残钞 mutilation n.切断, 毁损 vt. （经常用于被动语态）1 毁伤、残害 e.g. He was mutilated in the accident, and now has only one leg.2 把.搞砸了 e.g. Youve already mutilated the novel by making such changes.c.f. maim (v.)使受重伤，使残疾 / disable (v.) 使无能为力，使残疾cripple (v.)使跛，使残疾 lame adj. 跛的/ handicapped 残疾的chew v.咀嚼(:

3、 to use your teeth to break it up in your mouth so that it becomes easier to swallow) e.g. Dont bite off more than you can chew. 不要贪多嚼不烂./硬撑着做事 chew the fat 聊天, 闲谈 chewing gums 口香糖chewed up 着急的、担心的 嚼碎, 毁坏, 消耗e.g. Dont get worried/chewed up about your examination.c.f. bite/have (take) a bite 咬 e.g. H

4、e sat there nervously biting his fingernails. peck (at) sth. 啄 e.g. Hens pecked at the corn on the ground.nibble on/at 轻咬，小口咬e.g. We stood around drinking wine and nibbling on little snacks. New words and expression 生词和短语Fiance n. 未婚夫（:the man to whom a woman is engaged to be married）fiancee 未婚妻 / u

5、nmarried 未婚的/ maiden少女;未婚的 /bachelor单身汉wife-to-be 准妻子 / bride新娘 / bridegroom 新郎 / bestman伴郎/bridesmaid伴娘elligible bachelor钻石王老五 /celibate 独身主义者Microwave n.微波，微波炉（：an oven which cooks food every quickly by electromagnetic radiation) prefix: micro- : tiny/very smallmicroswitch 微型开关/microfilm 缩影胶片/micr

6、oscope 显微镜/microgravity微重力microsecond 一百万分之一秒, 微秒/microphone 扩音器, 麦克风 /microbiology 微生物学/microcomputer 微电脑macro-： very big macroeconomics 宏观经济学 /macrocosm 宇宙，宏观世界mini-: minibus小型公共汽车 / miniskirt超短裙，迷你裙/New words and expression 生词和短语oven n.炉灶，烤箱，烤炉（：a cooker or part of a cooker that is like a box wit

7、h a door） gas/electric oven 煤气/电炉 in the same oven 处于相同的困境c.f.:oven/stove/furnaceoven:oven主要指烘烤食物用的炉子、烘箱。stove:stove通常指以柴、煤、气、电等作燃料，用于室内取暖或烧饭的火炉。furnace:furnace指冶炼用的熔炉或烧暖气用的锅炉。ovenproof adj. 耐热的safekeeping n.妥善保管(: sth. is given to you so that you will make sure that it is not harmed or stolen) safe

8、guard 预防措施，保证条款keep something safe e.g. Please keep your ID card safe. 妥善保管你的身份证。干坏事： do evil (动词) / evil doing (名词)惹麻烦： make trouble (动词) / trouble making (名词)New words and expression 生词和短语Newcastle n.纽卡斯尔（英国港市）(:a large industrial city & port on the river Tyne of England )carry coals to Newcastle

9、(多此一举)班门弄斧Identify v.鉴定, 识别（= prove identity of sb or sth）e.g. He cant identify the person. identity n.身份e.g.So far the archeologists have been unable to discover her identity.= So far the archeologists have been unable to identify her.identification n.辨认, 鉴定, 证明spokeswoman n.女发言人(:a female spokespe

10、rson)spokesman 男发言人 / spokesperson发言人/ statesman政治家tradesman 商人/ sportsman/sportswoman男（女）运动员trousers n.裤子, 长裤 （：pants）gloves 手套 / trainers 运动鞋 / boots靴子 / socks 短袜/ stockings长袜/ shoes鞋子Britain n.英国 New words and expression 生词和短语despair n.绝望, 失望 vi.绝望(: the feeling that everything is wrong and that

11、nothing will improve)despair of sth./sb. 对某事/人感到绝望 desperate adj.绝望的concern vt.涉及, 关系到 （：about）as far as sth. is concerned 就.而言e.g. As far as starting a family is concerned, the trend is for women having their children later in life. 就成家立室来说， 目前的趋势是女性晚些才要孩子。as far as Im concerned (表示己见)就我而言As far as

12、 Im concerned, learning English is necessary for us nowdays.dismay n.沮丧, 惊慌(: a strong feeling of fear,worry,or sadness that is caused by sth. unpleasant and unexpected) note n.纸币 (: bill) coin硬币/cash现金/currency货币/fund资金/capital资本/asset资产ash n.灰, 灰烬（ the grey or black powerery substance that is left

13、 after sth. is burnt）Everyday sentence Go confidently in the direction of your dreams. Live the life youve imagined. 充满信心地朝着你梦想的方向前进，过你一直向往的生活.TextanalysisHas it ever happened to you? Have you ever put your trousers in thewashing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back p

14、ocket?1) 断首或断尾运用疑问句：断首-主要引起读者的兴趣和注意力。断尾-进一步巩固、加深与本段所涉及的内容，并引起读者的沉思。英文文章有时以问句作篇首句，借此唤起读者的注意力，因此，我们在创作英文篇章的时候，也可尝试此法。e.g. Why does a shortage of natural resources befall our planet?为何我们的星球会面临自然资源短缺的局面？e.g. Why , you may wonder,spiders should be our friends?(NCE 4 L2)2) put. in/into 把.放进去，装进去 e.g. He p

15、uts his hands in his pockets.fit.in/into 放进去 e.g.I cant fit all these clothes into this suitcase.pack.in/into 塞进，挤进 e.g.All six of us packed into the tiny o/onto 装，装载 e.g.They started loading the boxes into the truck.3) a large bank note 大额纸币 big bucks 一大笔钱 have money to burn 有花不完的钱 made

16、 of money 非常富有，钱多得不得了3)back 做形容词使用，表示方位，部位，这里就是说裤子后面的口袋。再比如说back seat后面的座位，back door后门，跟它意思相同的还有rearTextanalysisWhen you rescued your trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white?rescure 拯救（表示动作），save救活（表示结果）whiter than white = damaged, mutilatedwhiter than white” 本是英国某洗衣粉的广告语，这个家喻户晓的短语把“ve

17、ry white”的概念表达的诙谐生动。在书面表达时，仅用very 显得有些苍白无力，用“比较级+than+原级” 也可以起到强调的作用。e.g.他不学无术又好逸恶劳，成功的前景微乎其微。He is ignorant and indolent, which makes the prospects of his success very grey.He is ignorant and indolent, which makes the prospects of his success greyer than grey.e.g.突然间停电了，简直就是伸手不见五指。我有了一次在一团漆黑中的恐怖经历。

18、Suddenly, the electricity went out. I literally could not see my hand in front of my face. I experienced a frightening and very black experience.Suddenly, the electricity went out. I literally could not see my hand in front of my face. I experienced a frightening “blacker than black” experience.Text

19、analysisPeople who live in Britain neednt despair when they made mistakes like this ! neednt despair(v.) = neednt feel despaired(adj.)need用法总结：a). 可用作情态动词，也可以作实义动词。 Dont need do sth. Dont need to do sth.b). 作为情态动词通常只用于否定句和疑问句，不用来直接构成肯定句，但可用在含否定、疑问或表示怀疑的主句之后的从句中。e.g. I dont think I need tell him./ Do

20、 you think I need tell him?c). didnt need to do sth. 过去无需干某事 neednt have done sth. 本不需要干某事，可已经干了e.g. I know him only by sight, so you neednt have given him my name.TextanalysisFortunately for them, the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed the

21、ir money to a machine or to their dog.Fortunately = luckily = happily called Mutilated Ladies = that called Mutilated Ladies- 这里采用分词called是为了不和后面which引导的定语从句从复deal with v.处理 （deal vi.处理, 应付） make a claim for 对（赔偿等）提出要求. feed sth to 把某物喂给TextanalysisDogs, it seems, love to chew up money!(= It seems t

22、hat dogs love to chew up money!)up 与表示“消费，摧毁”意思的动词连用时，即“彻底”，“光”，“完”。如：chew up/ use up/ eat up/ drink up/ finish up/ pay up/burn upUse up: Ive used up the whole supply of paper.Eat up: Has the child eaten up all his food?Drink up: Drink up your beerFinish up:Just get them to finish up as soon as poss

23、ible.Pay up:He paid up all his debts.Burn up: All the waste paper was burned up.help a dog over a stile 助人于危难之时 die dog for sb. 为某人效犬马之劳work like a dog 拼命工作 a big dog 大人物Every dog has its day. 凡人皆有得意时。it seems 在句子中作插入语，这一类型的插入语主要表达人们对事物的态度或推测，比如：I hope, I guess, I believe, I suppose, I wonder, I tel

24、l you, I say, Im afraid, Im sure, you can see, you know等，他们的位置通常在句子主语之后。学会使用插入语，对写文章布局谋篇不无好处，因为句子结构的扩充，就是通过附加各种插入语、从句、非谓语形式等来实现的。我认为，多喝水会对你的健康有好处。I think that drinking more water will do good to your health.Drinking more water, I think, will do good to your health.TextanalysisA recent case concerns

25、Jane Butlin whose fianc, John, runs a successful furniture business. concern：关于 （be about/involves）Concern一词多义，除了课文里的意思之外：Their main concern is that they are not receiving enough money. (n.忧虑) What is his main concerns as a teacher?(n. 兴趣)Her illness really concerns me. (vt.令我担心)或者在很正式的信函里如果不知道对方的姓名

26、，我们可以用To whom it may concern.来开头，“致有关人士，有关部门”fiance是未婚夫，未婚妻是fiancee，发音相同，只是拼写不同Whose 引导的定语从句，在从句中作定语，通常用于指人，但也可指物或动物。My dog whose name is Ted is growing fast.People whose dogs bite other people should keep them tied up.TextanalysisJohn had avery good day and put his wallet containing $3,000 into the

27、 microwave oven for safekeeping.I have a very good day. 我今天过得很好。I have a good time. 我玩得很高兴。the good/bad days (idm) 在一生中或历史上过去那美好的/艰难的时光e.g. We met occasionally to chat about the good old days at school. Those were the days. 那是在幸福时期， 那才是好年头。e.g.Do you remember when we first got married? Those were th

28、e days!for safekeeping = to keep it safewallet containing = wallet which containedTextanalysisThen he and Jane went horse-riding.horse-riding 现在分词作目的状语。 现在分词作目的状语， 通常仅限于在go或come之后。用于这种情况的现在分词多是一些表示体育和消遣活动的动词：go horse-riding / go fishing / go hunting / go shopping/Go window shopping/go drinking/go jo

29、gging/go hiking/go riding/go walking/go swimming/go sailingWhen they got home, Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven and without realizing it, cooked her fiancs wallet as well.as well 也， 还 （位于句末）e.g. They all do military training as well.besides (infml, 特别是用于口语当中) 此外，还有e.g. Besides, I want

30、you to promise me one thing. in addition 此外（还）e.g.Mother gave us sandwiches for our picnic and a bag of cookies in addition.furthermore (fml, 特别是用于书面语当中）而且，此外e.g. Im not looking for a job. Furthermore, Iam not going to look for a job.TextanalysisImagine their dismay when they found a beautifullycook

31、ed wallet and notes turned to ash! imagine sth./ imagine that(what, how,where,etc)/imagine doing sth. /imagine sb. doing sth./imagine sb. to be e.g. Can you imagine life on the moon? Im trying to imagine how the house will look when its finished. I cant imagine lying like that. I would go crazy. I c

32、an just imagine John running his own business. A lot of people imagine America to be a sort of paradise.dismay表示一种既惊愕又沮丧的心绪，我们可以根据上下文来判断它具体的意思 He read his exam results with dismay. 这里更强调一种沮丧的情绪。beautifully-cooked wallet 用一种讽刺的口吻, 一种幽默,这是英文中惯常使用的方法，即在危机环境中努力表现幽默色彩，起烘托气氛，化解紧张的作用，被称为 guillotine humour（

33、断头台式幽默）turn to = turned into = become此外， 该句也可以作为典型句式加以模仿：Imagine her dismay when she found all her efforts were in vain.可以想象她发现自己的心血化为泡影时的沮丧心情。Imagine his exultation when he received an offer from Harvard.可以想象他收到哈佛录取通知的狂喜之情。TextanalysisSo long as theres something to identify, we will give people the

34、ir money back said a spokeswoman for the Bank.Last year, we paid $1.5m on 21,000 claims.so long as = as long as = on condition that 只要（表假设）引导条件状语从句，表示相对宽松的语气。如：e.g. So long as you can prove you are right, you can stick to it. As long as you can make yourself understood in English, dont be afraid to

35、make vided/providing 在.条件下； 要是；以.为条件 也可引导条件状语从句， 但含义和if 有所不同：前者表示的条件是说话者希望出现的结果，而后者则无此限制。如：Provided your offer is satisfactory, well sign the contract with your company.如果出价合理，我们将和贵公司签订合同。 （可用if替代）We shall cancel the contract if you fail to comply with the provisions.如果贵方违反条款， 我们将取消合同。 （

36、if不可用provided/providing替代）on condition (that) 在.条件下； 要是； 以.为条件 (与provided意思相同，也是强调条件的提出，而且更加严肃。其条件从句中的时态可用陈述语气， 也可用虚拟语气。e.g.I ll come on condition (that) Mary is invited,too. He can go out on condition (that) he comes/ will come/(should) come home by nine.Textanalysissuppose/supposing(that) 假定.， 它是提

37、出一个假定的条件， 询问可能的解决办法或可能出现的结果。如果假设的条件是不能实现的， 就要用虚拟语气。e.g. Suppose/supposing you are in a city where you are a stranger, what will you do? Suppose your parents saw you now, what would they say?assuming(that) 假设，其用法同suppose/supposing (that)e.g. Assuming (that) the rumor is true, what should we do?一些特殊的条

38、件表达法：1. 祈使句+and . =if从句+主句。例：Give it a try and you will know whether it is feasible.=If you give it a try, you will know whether it is feasible.尝试一下， 你才会知道是否可行。2. 祈使句+or/ or else = unless 从句+主句。 例：Get round to it or you will lose the golden opportunity.=Unless you get round to it, you will lose the golden opportunity.抓紧点时间， 否则你会错过这个难得的