形容词原级、比较级和最高级讲解及练习[1]

1、形容词比较级和最高级绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad 通常very too so pretty asas后用原级形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级（表示“更”）和最高级形式（表示“最”）是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级)greater(比较级)greatest(最高级

2、) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 late (原级)later(比较级)latest (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。clever(原级) cleverer(比较级)cleverest (最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母(21个)的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形)happier(比较级)happiest (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字

3、母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。 （红red 大gig 湿wet，胖fat 热hot 瘦thin）big (原级)bigger(比较级)biggest(最高级) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级)more beautiful(更漂亮)most beautiful (最漂亮) important (原级)moreimportant(更重要) most important(最重要) 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: 原级-比较级-最高级 good-bett

4、er-best many-more-mostmuch-more-most bad-worse-worst far-farther, further-farthest, furthest 这一点不要求掌握 形容词前如果加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物（两部分）的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+系动词（be动词）+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和

5、主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher istaller than we( we are). 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It iswarmertoday than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 This picture isnicer than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting isless importantthan that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The sun ismuch biggerthan the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。much,a little 修饰比较级。=有mu

6、ch,a little出现，后面的形容词用比较级。（a little 后也有加原级的情况，表示有一点 例如：我有一点累。Im a little tired.）形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+系动词（be动词）+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 She isthegreateststudentin her class. 她是班上最好的学生。 Shanghai is one ofthe biggestcitiesin China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。 This isthe biggestapple I have eve

7、r met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Tom isthe tallest boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。 下面的练习试一试吧？！ 原级专练(第3题有比较级的内容)1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as 2 When we speak to people, we should be _ .A. as polite(有礼貌的) as we can B. as polite to we canC. as poli

8、ter as we can D. as politer to we can 3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive 4 I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more

9、 interesting D. most interesting 5 His father began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. whilekeys: DACAB比较级练习1. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important( ) 2 This pencil is_ than that one.A. l

10、ongest B. long C. longer D. as long ( ) 3 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( ) 4 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. much hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot ( ) 5. Mrs Black was_ instead of gett

11、ing any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worsekeys: CCDAB最高级练习( ) 1 Who jumped_of all? A. far B. farther C. the farthest D. the most far( ) 2 Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest ( ) 3 The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that s

12、mall child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest ( )4 Who is-of you three? A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. olderkeys: CDDA形容词 副词 形容词形容词是历来中考考查的重点，多以单项选择、用所给单词适当形式填空、改写句子、完成句子等题型出现；但其用法也极其复杂，希望下面的讲解能为同学们指迷点津。 易混易错归纳 一、注意区别以-ing和-ed结尾的形容词的用法： -ing结尾的形容词表主动意义，-ed结尾的形容词表被动。如： The book i

13、s very interesting. Im interested in it.一、 形容词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化 原级比较级最高级good wellbetterbestbad badly illworseworstmany muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther furtherfarthest furthestoldolder elderoldest eldest 上面这些不规则形容词可以用一口诀来记忆：好坏知多少，远离病与老。 注意：elder和eldest虽然是old的一种比较级和最高级形式，但一般只用作定语，表示兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，elder不

14、能与than连用表示比较。如：My elder sister is three years older than I.我姐姐比我大三岁far的比较级和farther, farthest表示时间和距离上的“更远，最远”，further, furthest常用于引申意义上的”进一步，最大程度地”。三、形容词比较级的几种特殊用法1.表示“越就越”时用句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”。如：The busier I am, the happier I feel. 我越忙就越高兴。The more ,the better. 多多益善。2.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。如：It is ge

15、tting warmer and warmer. 天气越来越暖和。Our country is more and more beautiful.我们的国家越来越美丽。3.表示“两个中比较的”用句型“the+比较级+of the two”如：She is the younger of the two girls. 两上女孩当中，她较年轻。Mary is the taller of the two sisters. 两姐妹中玛丽较高些。4.表示“比较A和B，哪一个较？”用句型“Which is+比较级，A or B?”;如果是人与人相比较时，可用who代替which.。如：Which is big

16、ger, the moon or the earth? 月球和地球，哪一个比较大？Who is happier, you or your father? 你和你父亲，谁更高兴？5.表示“比其他的任何都”用句型“比较级+than any other+单数名词”，这个句型是比较级形式表达最高级的意思。如：He is taller than any other student in his class.=He is the tallest in his class.他在班里比任何一个别的学生都高。（暗指他是最高的）四、形容词最高级的几种特殊用法1.表示“最之一”时使用one of the+形容词最高

17、级+名词复数。如：Hong Kong is one of the busiest cities in the world.香港是世界上最繁华的城市之一。One of the most important languages is English in the UN.在联合国最重要的语言之一是英语。2.我们可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种方式来表达最高级，总结如下：She is the bestin her class.(最高级)She is better than any other student in her class.(比较级)No other student in her class

18、is better than she.(比较级)No other student in her class is as good as she.(原级)她是她们班最好的学生。3.最高级前可以有状语或定语。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二长河。4.当最高级前有物主代词或名词所有格时不加定冠词the.。如：Monday is my busiest day. 星期一是我最忙的一天。John is Jims best friend. 约翰是吉姆最好的朋友。 中考真题例析1. Nowadays science

19、 fiction isnt as as cartoons among teenagers.A. popular B. more popular C. less popular D. the most popular（2005，上海）解析：此题考查not as+形容词原级+as句型，故应排除B、C和D。意思是：现在，在青少年中科幻片不如卡通片流行。 答案：A2. The size of this classroom is much than that one.A. stronger B. bigger C. faster（2005，重庆）解析：本题考查形容词的词意以及比较级，A表示“强壮”之意，

20、C表示“快”，本题题意为：这间教室的大小比那间大多了。 答案：B3. Dont eat the meat. It smells .A. terrible B. badly C. delicious D. good（2005，山西）解析：动词smell可作为系动词用，后面加形容词作表语，故B先排除，因为它是副词；又因为上句意为：不要吃那些肉，故C和D排除，选A，意为：闻起来不好。 答案：A4.Miss Yang always helps others. She is very_A.careful B.grateful C.useful D.helpful (2004，大连)解析：由题干得知“杨老

21、师总是帮助其他人”，因此“她总是乐于助人的。”答案：D5.Youre very_,arent you? Yes.Our team has won the game.A.happy B.worried C.sad D.afraid (2004，北京)解析：be后应加形容词作表语，由答语知，“我们队羸得了比赛”，所以应该“高兴”。答案：A分类专项演练 一、根据句意及首字母填空1.Mary is t_. Give her some orange, please.2.Sorry,Im l_. It doesnt matter this time. Come e_mext time.3.There is

22、 something w_with my bike.4.Its w_, isnt it(有风的)？5.Please be c_!There is a lot of traffic.二、选用适当的词填空。angry big boring busy full clean ugly expensive easy good heavy small1. My father has just washed his car. Now its .2. The boy did his homework in ten minutes. The work was so .3. He wasnt very hungry. He