教案八年级上学期英语参考word

1、龙文教育个性化辅导授课案教师： 学生： 时间： 年 月 日 段 第_课时课 题 初二上学期重点词汇解析教学目标Unit1-Unit6易混词语辨析重点、难点 单元重点词汇的意义及不同用法考点及考试要求 词汇的灵活运用，在中考单选和完形填空中都会涉及到教学内容 一、重点词汇解析：1、get, arrive, reach三者均可表示“到达”，区别如下：arrive和get 都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者则较口语化。两者之后均不可接宾语，但可接 here, there, home 之类的表地点的副词作状语。arrive 之后通常接介词at (一般用于较小的地方)或 in (一般用于较大的地方)。e.

2、g.We arrived at the station five minutes late.我们到车站晚了5 分钟。They will arrive in Paris next Monday.他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎。get 之后通常接介词to。e.g.When we got to the park, it began to rain.我们到达公园时，就开始下雨了。 但到达的地点是副词时，如（home there here）不加 toEg：I get home at 8pm everyday. She will get there tomorrow.reach 通常是及物动词(较 get 更

3、正式)，其后可直接跟地点名词作宾语(不能用介词)。e.g.He reached Beijing yesterday.他昨天到达北京。顺便说一句：reach 除可表示“到达某地”外，还用于其它意义的“到达”。 e.g.Your letter reached me last week.我是上周收到你的信的。He has reached school age.他已达到上学年龄。友情提示：如果不能指明到达的地点，要用arrive 例如 When will you arrive? 你什么时候到？When I arrived, she was not here.（1）-when will you_Beij

4、ing? -we will_on Sunday morining. A.reach reach B.get to / arrive C.arrive arrive D.reach / arrive in (2)They arrived _ London_ a cold winter night. A.at, in B.in, on C.at, on D.in, at （3）.Those foreign visitors _ our city the day before yesterday. 1 / 8A.arrived B.reached C.reached to D.got in （4）W

5、hen will the bus _? A.reach B.arrive C.get to D.arrive at 2.remember to do sth. 记住要做某事。e.g.Remember to post the letter for me.记住给我邮这封信。 Remenber to take your book when you com here.remember doing sth. 记得做过某事。e.g.I remember seeing him once.我记得见过他一次。(1) I will remember _(tell )her about it.(2) Dont yo

6、u remember _(tell) me the story yesterday? -(3)- The light in the office is still on. - Oh，I forgot_. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off (4)-Did you remember _Tom the money you had borrowed from? -Yes, I gave it to him _I saw him. A.returning ; the moment B.to

7、 return ; the moment3 Take （1）常常和it连用，it在句子中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。意为“花费(时间、金钱)等”。e.g.How long will it take you to do your homework every day?每天做作业要花费你多长时间？It usually takes her 20 yuan to buy books every week.每周买书通常要花费她20元钱。（2）拿，取e.g.I want to take some books to the classroom.我想拿些书到教室。（3）吃，喝，服用，放e.g.Do

8、you take sugar in your milk?你喝的牛奶里放糖吗？（4）乘车(船)等e.g.Shall we go there by bike or take a taxi?我们是骑自行车去那还是坐出租车去？（5）“做事情”, 常常和名词连用，表示与该名词意义相关的动作e.g.take a walk 散步 take a rest 休息一下 take a look 看一看等等（6）构成常用的重要词组：take away 拿走e.g.Tom takes the knife away from the little boy.汤姆从小男孩手里把刀拿走了。take care (=be care

9、ful=look out)当心e.g.Take care! The car is coming!小心！车来了！（3）take (good) care of (好好)照顾，照料e.g.I can take care of the baby all by myself.我自己能照顾这个小孩。（4） take down 取下来e.g.Take down the picture and put up the map of the world.摘下这张图画，挂上一幅世界地图。（5）take out 拿出e.g.Please take out a piece of paper and write down

10、 your names on it, OK?拿出一张纸，在上面写下你们的名字，好吗？（6）take off 脱下；飞机(等起飞)e.g.Sorry! You have to take off your shoes before getting into the computer room.对不起，在进入微机室之前，先要把你的鞋子脱掉。The plane is going to take off soon.飞机马上就要起飞了。（7）take ones time 别着急，慢慢来e.g.Please take your time!别着急，慢慢来！（8）take ones temperature 量体

11、温e.g.Mingming is ill. The doctor is taking his temperature now.明明生病了，大夫正在给他量体温。（1）-Im rather concerned how he will _ his school. A.take on B.take up C.take off D. take to-4、decide 动词，意为“决定”，常用结构：decide (not) to do sth. 决定(不)做某事decide on doing sth 决定做某事decide + 疑问代词/副词不定式决定decide 从句决定e.g.I decided to

12、 go to Beijing on Monday.我决定星期一去北京。He has decided on going for a trip next week.他已决定下周去旅行。He decided when to go to Beijing.他已经决定了什么时候去北京。We decided that we didnt take part in the basketball match.我们决定不参加篮球比赛。5Then we all voted for her.译文 然后我们都投票赞成（选乔伊斯为主编）。vote for sb. 意为“投票赞成某人”e.g.I shall vote for

13、 Ben because he has experience.我将投票选本因为他有经验。vote against意为“投票反对”。e.g. People vote against Henry.人们投票反对亨利。翻译：我将给李雷投票，因为他是我的好朋_6Then Joyce took charge of the meeting.译文 于是，乔伊斯主持会议。take charge of 意为“主管，主持；负责”。e.g. Who will take charge of the meeting?谁将主持这次会议？翻译：我将接管这个班级。_7辨析：other, the other, the other

14、s与another（1）other表示“其他的”，表示泛指，没有特定的范围。e.g.Lei Feng always helped other people.雷锋总是帮助别人。(指其他的任何人)（2）the other意为“另一个”，一般用于两者之间。其句型为：onethe other一个另一个e.g. The old man has two sons. One is a soldier, the other is a worker.那位老人有两个儿子，一个是士兵，另一个是工人。注意：the other和other后均可加名词，但意思有所不同，“the other名词”表示一定范围内除一部分外其

15、余的全部，而“other名词”表示除去部分以后的另一些，但不是剩下的全部。（3）the others 特指一定范围内的其余的全部人或事物。e.g. I have three pencils. One is long, and the others are short.我有三支铅笔，一支是长的，另外（两个）是短的。（代词）（4）another表示三者或三者以上的其他任何一个，意为“再一；又一”。e.g. Would you like another cup of tea?你还要一杯茶吗?(1). These trousers are dirty and wet Ill change into m

16、y _.A. another B. trousers C. others D. other（2）. Her lecture was hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to _. A. other B. the other C. the others D. another（3）.If you want to change for a double room youll have to pay_$15.。 Aanother Bother Cmore Deach （4）.No progesss was made in t

17、he trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _. A.others B.the other C.either D.another（5）一Did you visit many places while you were in Canada？ 一Yes， A.afew quite B only few C.only afew D quite few8、辨析：pay, spend, cost与take四个单词都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不尽相同。（1）pay的基本用法是：pay (sb.) money for sth. 付

18、钱(给某人)买某物。e.g.I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付给他们20英镑的房租。pay for sth. 付某物的钱e.g.I have to pay for the lost book.我不得不赔偿丢失的书款。pay for sb. 替某人付钱e.g. Dont worry! Ill pay for you.别担心，我会给你付钱的。（2）spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： spend time/ money on sth. 在某物上花费时间/ 金钱。e.g. I spent two hours

19、on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。spend time/ money(in)doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事。e.g. They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。（3）cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见的用法如下：“sth. cost (sb.)金钱”表示“某物花了(某人)多少钱”。e.g.A new computer costs a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。“(doing)sth. cost(sb.)时间”表示“(做某事)某

20、物花了(某人)多少时间”e.g. Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量的时间才记住了这些新单词。(1)-I find it hard to improve my listening in English.-Yes. Any progress in your listening may _ you a long time.A. afford B.spend C.cost D.take(2) -Do you often get on-line？ -Yes .i _most of my time on it. Its a g

21、ood way to kill time.A.cost B. spent C. pay D.take 三、语法点拨（一）should与ought to的用法1一般说来，两者可替换，只是ought to语气稍重。e.g. You ought to (should) go and see Mary sometime.你应该什么时候去看看玛丽。2表示出于法令规则、行为准则、道德责任等客观情况而“应该”做某事时，一般应用ought to，若用should则含有个人意见，强调主观看法。e.g. We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I dont think

22、we will.明天我们按理应该去看看玛丽，但是我认为我们不会去(此句不宜用should)。3在公告、须知或条例中，出于礼貌，常用should。e.g. You should not run alongside the swimming-pool.不准在游泳池边奔跑。（二）感叹句感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用“what”和“how”引导，“what”和“how”与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。由“what”引导的感叹句：“what”意为“多么”用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类

23、句子的结构形式是：what(a/an)adj.n.主语谓语.e.g.What an interesting story it is!多么有趣的故事呀！What good children they are!他们是多么好的孩子呀！由“how”引导的感叹句：“how”意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是：Howadj.（adv.）主语谓语.e.g.How cold it is today!今天多么冷呀！在表示同一意义时，英语感叹句既可用“what”引导，也可用“how”

24、引导。e.g.What a hot day it is!=How hot the day is!多么热的天气呀！What tall buildings they are!=How tall the buildings are!多么高的楼房呀！三）how many与how much的区别和用法：1所修饰词的不同how many用来修饰可数名词的复数，它的句式是：How many复数名词一般疑问句how much用来修饰不可数名词，表示数量，也可单独使用。2how many的用法（1）对there be句型中主语的数量如:some, five, only one等提问时,如果主语是可数名词，不管主语是单数还是复数一般都用复数形式提问，因为问话人不知道具体的数量是多少，而且many只能接可数名词复数形式，所以be一定要用are.即用“How many可数名词复数are there地点/时间状语”的句型结构.e.g.There is a book on the desk. (用how many改为特殊