英语记叙文的写作

1、记叙文n记叙文用于记叙过去发生的事件或经历，以记叙文用于记叙过去发生的事件或经历，以写人、叙事为主要内容。它可以包括历史，写人、叙事为主要内容。它可以包括历史，游记，报道，回忆，故事，琐事等。游记，报道，回忆，故事，琐事等。n这样的文章也要有中心。一般从第一或第三这样的文章也要有中心。一般从第一或第三人称角度出发，表达自己或他人的经历或感人称角度出发，表达自己或他人的经历或感受，使读者对事情十分明了以获得强烈感受。受，使读者对事情十分明了以获得强烈感受。n记叙文通常以一般过去时为主，根据上下文记叙文通常以一般过去时为主，根据上下文用各种时态。用各种时态。记叙文写作的注意事项记叙文写作的注意事项

2、一、交代背景一、交代背景文章的开头应概括地介绍事件发生的 时间、地点、人物以及事件时间、地点、人物以及事件等二、详略得当二、详略得当过多不必要的细节会冲淡文章的主题。因此，在细节的选择上应注意选择与主题密切相选择与主题密切相关关 的内容，从而点明文章中心。 三、条理清晰三、条理清晰记叙文一般按照时间顺序或空间顺序时间顺序或空间顺序来描述，要求层次清晰、条理清楚。层次清晰、条理清楚。例文 A traffic accident首段：首段：首段概括交代事件发生的时间、地点、人首段概括交代事件发生的时间、地点、人物等信息物等信息 A week ago, I witnessed a traffic ac

3、cident in a rainy day on my way to school, which still sticks in my mind. 例文 A traffic accident中心段：中心段：交待细节，注重在交待细节，注重在how;交待细节时应注意的事项？交待细节时应注意的事项？n过多不必要的细节会冲淡文章的主题。中心段细节描写练习中心段细节描写练习请找出下文与主题无关的细节 An accident This afternoon I went out in the country to see my grandparents. After I got out there I de

4、cided to take a short drive. I drove down to East Greenwich, which is about eight miles from Centreville. While coming home I was obliged to follow the railroad for a mile or two. When I had gone about half a mile I heard a terrible whistling ahead of me. On coming near to where the sound came from,

5、 I discovered that an express train had run into the rear end of a freight train. Fortunately no one was seriously hurt, although I heard on man say that he never got shaken up so badly in his life before. The engine of the express train was somewhat disabled, as the cow-catcher was broken and the h

6、ead-light and the smoke-stack were knocked off. No one seemed to know the cause of the accident.例文 A traffic accident中心段：中心段：交待细节，注重在交待细节，注重在how;交待细节时应注意的事项？交待细节时应注意的事项？n过多不必要的细节会冲淡文章的主题。n因此，在细节的选择上应注意选择与主题密切选择与主题密切相关相关的内容，从而点明文章中心。n从首段也可看出从首段也可看出 文章重点在traffic accident和stick in my mind 例文 A traffic

7、accident中心段赏析 It was about 7:00 on Friday morning, (Oct. 31st).（补充说明时间补充说明时间）I was walking through the pedestrian overpass near my school when I was shocked by the screech of a car. （事情的起因事情的起因）I saw a man knocked down by a black car. Soon many cars were jammed there. I got there and found that besi

8、de a black Benz lay a middle-aged man in a pool of blood. （交代一些细节交代一些细节）The street turned chaotic.（事情的大致经过事情的大致经过）After a moment, the police and an ambulance arrived. The victim was instantly sent to the hospital.（事情的结果事情的结果） 注意空间的移动：注意空间的移动：I got there例文 A traffic accident结尾段赏析 结尾段：结尾段：可适当发表一点议论可适当

9、发表一点议论In my opinion, the pedestrian should have taken the overpass when crossing the street. Besides, the driver might have driven too fast, regardless of such bad weather. Anyway, I believe accidents may be avoided if we become aware of the importance of safety.（结尾）（结尾） 记叙文常用句式记叙文常用句式首段：交代主题首段：交代主题

10、n It was the most exciting moment that I have ever experienced.nAll through my senior high school, I couldnt forget nIn the years that followed the event frequently floated in my mind/often recurred to my memory/kept haunting me.nLast week, when I was on my way home something terrible happened.nI qu

11、ickly turned around, just in time to see the whole process of the accident.记叙文常用句式记叙文常用句式首段：交代主题首段：交代主题补充交代时间补充交代时间nThe event took place/happened/occurred in the early morning.nThe whole story happened the (first) day I entered the senior high school.记叙文常用句式记叙文常用句式主体部分：主体部分：（一）作者心理活动的描写（一）作者心理活动的描写n

12、I could hardly believe my eyes.nI felt as if I were on top of the world.nI was completely shocked.nI was bursting with joy.记叙文常用句式记叙文常用句式主体部分：主体部分：（二）人物外貌和性格的描写（二）人物外貌和性格的描写nHe is of medium height.nHe is good-looking/ordinary-looking.nShe is plump/slim, with fair skin and curly hair.nHe looks handso

13、me in a sports suit/blue jeans.nHe is of mild/bad temper.nAt first glance, you would say he is the perfect image of an obedient boy, but deep down, he is not that way at all.记叙文常用句式记叙文常用句式主体部分：主体部分：（三）物体的描写（三）物体的描写nIt comes in a variety of colors/shapes.nIt consists of several integrated parts.nIt i

14、s shaped like a circle.nIt is flat in shape and small in size.nAttached to the bottom is记叙文常用句式记叙文常用句式主体部分：主体部分：（四）景物的描写（四）景物的描写nThere is a wonderful array of flowers along the street.nThe air is filled with the scent of roses.nThe trees stood there on guard for generations, with branches reaching o

15、ut like a canopy over the road.nI feel miserably insignificant approaching the mountain.nEven judging by modern standards, the town was large in population.nThe campus has a unique atmosphere.练习一练习一The Day My Classmate Fell Ill）简单描述这位同学的生病情况；）简单描述这位同学的生病情况；）同学、老师和我是如何帮助他）同学、老师和我是如何帮助他/她的；她的；）人与人之间的这

16、种互相关爱给我的感受）人与人之间的这种互相关爱给我的感受是是词汇拓展词汇拓展n扭伤扭伤 twist ones ankle / give a wrench to ones ankle / sprain ones ankle ones sprained anklen喉咙疼痛喉咙疼痛 have a sore throatn痛苦的表情痛苦的表情 an expression of pain Her face was contorted with pain. 她痛她痛得脸都变了样。得脸都变了样。n量体温量体温 take ones temperaturen轮流照顾某人轮流照顾某人 take care of

17、sb. by turns / take turns at caring sb.n发高烧发高烧 have/run a high fevern健康状况健康状况 health / conditionn请假请假 ask for a (sick) leave / ask for a four-day leave / be on sick leave范文一范文一Last year, a terrible flu spread across the whole school.One ofmy classmate, John/Jane Doe, became a victim of it.He/She ran

18、 a high fever, and ordinary medicine didnt work onhim.The news quickly reached everybody in our class. Someclassmates recorded the English lessons for him so that he/she could keep up with his/her studies. Our English teacher called on him/her at the weekends sometimes. With care and help, he/she wa

19、s soon able to be up and about and finally came back to the class.From this event, I learn two things. One is that with love, noillness or difficulty is terrible. The other is that love and help are two-way streets. Our classmates offered John/Jane Doe kind help partly because he/she himself/herself

20、 had always been a helpful person. So I realize that when we help others, we are helping ourselves.范文二范文二In the summer sports meeting last year, one of my classmates, John/Jane Doe, suddenly fell to the ground and hurt her left foot when he/she was practicing high jump. His/Her face turned pale and

21、showed great pain.Seeing this, our classmates immediately came to her aid. They struggled to take her to the temporary emergency room. One boy untied his/her shoe and applied ice rocks to his/her wound. Meanwhile, girls comforted her in a soft voice. Soon the P.E. teacher came. He checked his/her so

22、und and took some emergency measures to lessen her pain. Fifteen minutes later, the ambulance arrived and she was sent to hospital. Luckily enough, with our care and concern, John/Jane Doe recovered quickly.Such an incident impressed everyone present. I realizethat love and care are the best medicin

23、e for an injured person 学生作品中的常见问题学生作品中的常见问题n在叙事时，一般用在叙事时，一般用过去时过去时，但在表述个人观，但在表述个人观点时可以用点时可以用现在时现在时。n在叙述部分缺少所对叙述事件的在叙述部分缺少所对叙述事件的结果结果。nLast week, my classmate had a bad cold.不要用不要用或或A,B,C来表示人，可以取一来表示人，可以取一个恰当的名字，或是用个恰当的名字，或是用John Doe或或Jane Doe来表示来表示“某人某人”。大学英语四级记叙文写作n写作步骤要求考生写一篇记叙文，描述事件发生的时间、地点、原因、人

24、物及结果，最后对事件进行简单分析。对这类题型，通常分为三个步骤来写：第一段、总结描述。交代清楚故事涉及的人物、时间、地点：主题句；第二段、具体描述。具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果：起因经过结果；第三段、对事件的分析n四级中出现的考试题目n2003年6月 An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accidentn2003年9月 The Day My Classmate Fell Illn2003年9月nDirections：For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition

25、on the topic The Day My Classmate Fell Ill（or Got Injured). You should write 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1、简单描述一下这位同学生病的情况；2、同学、老师和我是如何帮助他的； 3、人和人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是.nAbout nine Oclock one evening in May, my roommate Li Ming was lying in bed, trembling with cold and having