四级句子成分主谓宾定状补表PPT学习教案

1、会计学1四级句子成分主谓宾定状补表四级句子成分主谓宾定状补表第1页/共42页It 作形式主语，作形式主语，to have our dreams 不定式短语作真正的主语不定式短语作真正的主语句子成分句子成分1：主语：主语第2页/共42页的主语。的主语。句子成分句子成分1：主语：主语第3页/共42页(it 作形式主语，作形式主语，complaining 动名词动名词作真正主语）作真正主语）第4页/共42页(it 作形式主语，作形式主语， that 引导主语从引导主语从句）句）第5页/共42页第6页/共42页第7页/共42页动词动词(如如believe, lend, make, win等）等）和不及

2、物动词和不及物动词(如如happen, sleep, work等）。等）。第8页/共42页第9页/共42页to, ought to, dare等等第10页/共42页第11页/共42页句子成分句子成分2：谓语：谓语练习：练习：4. You ought to work harder. 情态动词情态动词+动词原形动词原形5.I felt cold. 系动词系动词+表语表语6. He doesnt like music. 助动词助动词+动词原形动词原形第12页/共42页Im afraid that I will fail the exam. 形容词形容词+宾语宾语第13页/共42页第14页/共42页句

3、子成分句子成分3：宾语：宾语练习：练习：4.We enjoy listening to the music. 动名词短语作宾语动名词短语作宾语5.She said that she felt sick. 宾语从句作宾语宾语从句作宾语6.They sent the injured to hospital. 名词化的形容词作宾语名词化的形容词作宾语又如：又如：the old, the young 第15页/共42页句子成分句子成分3：宾语：宾语练习：练习：7.I find it impossible to believe her any longer. it 作形式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语作形

4、式宾语，不定式短语作真正的宾语8.We consider it no good getting up late. it 作形式宾语，动名词短语作真正的宾语作形式宾语，动名词短语作真正的宾语9.They believed it strange that he should have done that. it 作形式宾语，宾语从句作真正的宾语作形式宾语，宾语从句作真正的宾语 第16页/共42页English. （it 作形式宾语，作形式宾语，to learn English 不定式短语作真正宾语）不定式短语作真正宾语）第17页/共42页Olympic Games.(it 作形式宾语，作形式宾语，

5、that 引导宾语从引导宾语从句作真正宾语）句作真正宾语）第18页/共42页第19页/共42页一、表语一、表语 系动词是表示人或事物状态、性质的动系动词是表示人或事物状态、性质的动词词, 如如: be, get, sound, look, seem, feel等。等。系动词后系动词后 面的部分叫表语。作表语的典型面的部分叫表语。作表语的典型词类是形容词词类是形容词, 也可以名词、数词、极少数也可以名词、数词、极少数副词副词(如如here, there)、介词短语、不定式、介词短语、不定式、分词、表语从句等。分词、表语从句等。系动词与表语共同构系动词与表语共同构成谓语成谓语, 说明主语的状态、性

6、质等。说明主语的状态、性质等。第20页/共42页练习：练习：请找出下列句子的表语并指出表语是请找出下列句子的表语并指出表语是由什么来充当的由什么来充当的(名词、数词、形容词、介名词、数词、形容词、介词词, 不定式不定式, 分词分词, 还是表语从句还是表语从句)。1. My wallet is on the desk. ( _ )2. The book isnt mine. ( _ )mine,名词性物主代词名词性物主代词。on the desk, 介词短语。介词短语。第21页/共42页3. The leaves turn yellow in fall. ( _ )4. He has becom

7、e a police officer. ( _ ) a police officer, 名词。名词。yellow ,形容词。形容词。第22页/共42页5. My suggestion is that we should start at once. ( _ )6. My suggestion is to leave at once. ( _ )to leave at once, 不定式短语不定式短语。that we should start at once. 表语从句表语从句。第23页/共42页7. His speech was boring. ( _ )8. The whole class

8、got excited at the good news. ( _ )excited, 过去分词。过去分词。boring, 现在分词。现在分词。第24页/共42页二、定语二、定语 定语用来定语用来修饰名词或代词修饰名词或代词, 起限定起限定作用。作定语的典型词类是形容词和形作用。作定语的典型词类是形容词和形容词性物主代词容词性物主代词, 也可以是数词、名词也可以是数词、名词、介词短语、分词、定语从句等。、介词短语、分词、定语从句等。定语定语一般位于被修饰词之前，但若修饰复合一般位于被修饰词之前，但若修饰复合不定代词不定代词(如如something)时时, 或者是短语或者是短语或定语从句作定语或

9、定语从句作定语, 则总是放在所修饰则总是放在所修饰名词的后边。名词的后边。第25页/共42页练习：练习：请找出下列句子的定语并指出定请找出下列句子的定语并指出定语是由什么充当语是由什么充当(形容词、形容词性代词形容词、形容词性代词、数词、名词、介词短语、分词还是定、数词、名词、介词短语、分词还是定语从句语从句)1. The beautiful sight attracts many tourists every year.( _ ) beautiful, 形容词形容词; many, 数词。数词。 第26页/共42页2. The wallet on the desk is mine. ( _ )

10、3. The demanding boss wasnt satisfied with my work. ( _ )demanding,现在分词现在分词; my,形容词性代词形容词性代词。on the desk, 介词短语介词短语。第27页/共42页4. That building being repaired is our library.( _ ) 5. He is one of the students that have been late.( _ ) being repaired, 现在分词短语现在分词短语; our, 形形容词性代词容词性代词。one, 数词数词; that have

11、 been late, 定语从句定语从句第28页/共42页6. The excited boys burst into cheers. ( _ )7. A woman police officer was praised for her good work. ( _ )woman, 名词名词; good, 形容词。形容词。excited, 过去分词。过去分词。第29页/共42页第30页/共42页三、状语三、状语 状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词词, 或整个句子。一般表示行为发生的或整个句子。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等等

12、, 作作状语的典型词类是副词状语的典型词类是副词, 也可以是介词也可以是介词短语、不定式、分词、状语从句等。短语、不定式、分词、状语从句等。第31页/共42页练习：练习：请找出下列句子的状语并指出状请找出下列句子的状语并指出状语是由什么充当语是由什么充当(副词、介词短语、不副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、状语从句定式、分词、状语从句)。1. He did his homework carefully at home. ( _ )carefully,副词副词; at home, 介词词组介词词组。第32页/共42页to do some shopping不定式作目的状不定式作目的状语语; on Su

13、nday介词短语表时间。介词短语表时间。2. Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday. ( _ )第33页/共42页3. When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher. ( _ )4. Feeling tired, he went to bed without supper. ( _ )Feeling tired, 现在分词短语表原因现在分词短语表原因; without supper, 介词短语表方式。介词短语表方式。When I grow up, 时间状语从句。时间状语从句。第34页/共42页

14、5. He lost his job due to his lack of patience.( _ ) 6. Brought up in the country, he finds it hard to adjust himself to city life. ( _ ) Brought up in the country, 过去分词短过去分词短语表原因语表原因。due to his lack of patience介词短语表介词短语表原因。原因。第35页/共42页四、补足语四、补足语 补充说明主语的称为主语补足语补充说明主语的称为主语补足语; 补充说明宾语的称为宾语补足语。作补补充说明宾语

15、的称为宾语补足语。作补足语的典型词类是形容词足语的典型词类是形容词, 也可以是名也可以是名词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词等。和过去分词等。第36页/共42页练习：练习：请找出下列句子的宾语补足语并指出请找出下列句子的宾语补足语并指出它是由什么充当的它是由什么充当的(名词、形容词、介词短语名词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词)。1. They elected John monitor. ( _ )2. He treated his mistake as a joke. ( _ ) as a joke, 介词词组。介词词组。 monitor名词名词第37页/共42页3. We heard her singing a song. ( _ )4. He told me to make my own decision.( _ ) to make my own decision, 动词不定式动词不定式 singing a song, 现在分词短语。现在分词短语。第38页/共42页5. I think it wrong of him to decline my offer. ( _ )6. He watched an insect caught by a