2004同等学力英语词汇真题及精解

1、19972012历年真题中重复考的词汇1997diminish 减少 pledge 保证，誓言 accomplish 完成，实现 panic 恐慌 confidence 自信，秘密，知心话 ascertain 弄清楚，确定，查明 explore 探索，勘探 exposure 暴露，显露 inadequate 不充足的，不适当的1998incentive 诱因，动机delicate 精致的，精美的reluctant 不情愿的，勉强的initiate 发动，发起panic 惊慌，恐慌optional 可选择的facilitate 使便利，推动ascertain 确定，探知a large propo

2、rtion of 一大部分witness见证；证人access to接近，入口conform to 遵守unpredictable不可预言的 reasonable合理的，有道理的 diminish减少，缩小abolish废除，废止1999explore探索，勘探incredible 难以置信的put up with忍受，忍耐 rather than1.(要)而不, 与其倒不如 2. 而不是witness见证，证人2000temper性情、脾气 come out出版; 发表 ; 显像 extensive 广泛的 accumulates 积累 collectively / collect共同的，全

3、体的；聚积，积累punishment 惩罚 induce劝诱 make up弥补损失2001compulsory必修的，强制的，义务的initiate发动，发起sensible明智的，有判断力的 rational （ rationally）理智的，合理的device设备，装置2002sensible 明智的ward off 避开，挡住convention 习俗，惯例practice（practical)惯例，实践（现实的）device装置，设备permanent 永久的devote献身，致力，专心diminish减少，缩小pay off使得到回报dominate支配，占优势 convictio

4、n /convict深信，确信；定罪facilitate 使便利，促进illustrates图解，阐明exposure 暴露impress (impressive)给人以深刻印象的rather than1.(要)而不, 与其倒不如 2. 而不是apart from除了之外reach达到2003impose强迫，强加impressive令人印象深刻的call off叫走，放弃，使转移走 punishment 惩罚delicate脆弱的，精致的initiate 发动，发起put up with忍受，宽容come out出版rather than与其不如 access 通路，入口，捷径verify证

5、实，核实be convicted of 被判有罪 devoted 献身的pay off 使人得到回报 confidences 自信，秘密，心事2004devotion“献身reasonable 合理的cease停止，终止ward off避开，挡住put off推迟，拖延 deduce推论，推断remind sb. of sth.提醒某人 imaginative 想象的，富于想象力的 species物种2005compulsory必修的permanent永久的，不变的，耐久的conventional因袭的，传统的 incentive诱因，动机prevail流行，盛行 turn to求助于dile

6、mma窘境，困境accumulate积累，积聚 in vain徒劳地，无益地 dominate支配，统治call off取消，撤销 optimal最好的，最理想的 2006pledge保证，誓约accomplish完成，达到，实现initiative主动 temper性情，脾气，情绪extensive广泛的，广阔的 reluctantly不情愿地impress盖印，留下印象2007reasonable合理的option选择unpredictable不可预知的remind提醒illustrate举例说明，加插图于revenue收入accumulate积累sophisticated复杂的，久经世故

7、的”put up with容忍，忍受 2008witness见证，证人make up弥补, 虚构 break off断交，停止 dilemma困境 consist in存在于中facilitate使容易impose征税，强加fascinate 着迷 extensive大量的，广泛的rationally理性地 turn to求助于2009abundant丰富的，充足的pledged 保证，发誓fascinate迷住impress给留下深刻印象called off停止achieve 实现，达成proportion 比例，面积，部分apart from 除之外in vain徒然revenue收入20

8、10desperately 绝望地，不顾一切地，拼命地get down to 开始着手做某事observe 遵守，奉行，观察，监视interruption 干扰，打扰，中止make up 编造，构成，占。比例turn out 结果是，证明是，关掉resort to 诉诸于，求助于，凭借lay off 解雇put off 推迟contribute to 有助于，促成commitment 献身，工作承担，许诺，承诺2004年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试part vocabulary（10 minutes，10 points）section a16.hague was elected

9、 as the conservative party leader partly because of his ambiguous views on britains position in relation to its partners in the european union.a. ambitious b. obscure c. appalling d. indifferent 【正确答案】b【句子翻译】黑格被选为保守党领袖，部分原因是他在有关英国与欧盟其他成员国地位问题上所持的模糊观点。【考点剖析】ambitious“有野心的，有抱负的”；obscure“不清楚的，含糊的，晦涩的”；

10、appalling“骇人听闻的”；indifferent“漠不关心的”。在四个选项中，修饰views（看法，意见，见解）17.her story shows how gentle stubbornness and an indifference to honors and fame can lead to great achievements. a. persuasion b. determination c. devotion d. reservation 【正确答案】b【句子翻译】他的经历告诉我们一点儿顽强与对荣誉和名声的淡泊是怎样导致伟大的成就的。【考点剖析】persuasion“说服”

11、；determination“决心”；devotion“献身，热诚”；reservation“（权力等的）保留”。能导致伟大的成就的不可能是persuasion和reservation；devotion符合语境，但它不能被gentle修饰；因此只有b是正确选项（stubbornness“倔强，顽强”）。18.we have a respon3sibility to ensure our nations continued prosperity and the most sensible way to do this is by investment in basic scientific re

12、search.a. effective b. efficient c. significant d. reasonable 【正确答案】d【句子翻译】我们有责任确保祖国的持续繁荣昌盛，而最明智的方式是投资于基础科学的研究。【考点剖析】effective“效果明显的”；efficient“效率高的”；significant“重要的，有意义的”；reasonable“合理的”。sensible“明智的，合情合理的”，所以答案为d。19. all information reported to or likewise obtained by the commission is considered

13、confidential.a. in a similar way b. in another way c. in a direct way d. in an unauthorized way【正确答案】a【句子翻译】所有汇报给委员会或以类似的方式获得的信息都被认为是机密的。【考点剖析】in a similar way“以类似的方式”；in another way“以另一种方式”；in a direct way“直接地”；in an unauthorized way“以未经许可的方式”。从reported to or likewise obtained推断出委员会的信息来源于汇报或者其他类似的方

14、式（likewise），所以in a similar way是正确选项。20.i would recommend this inn highly on account of its wonderful location.a. as a result of b. because of c. with regard tod. with a view to【正确答案】b【句子翻译】我之所以给这所旅馆如此高的评价是因为它所处的环境太优美了。【考点剖析】as a result of“作为结果”；because of“因为”；with regard to“关于”；with a view to“着眼于，以为

15、目的，考虑到”。因为（on account of）its wonderful location，所以i would recommend this inn highly；前后是因果关系，b是正确选项。21.television advertisements do more than merely reflect dominant ideologies.a. exactly b. faithfully c. repeatedly d. simply【正确答案】d【句子翻译】电视广告不仅仅反映主流意识形态。【考点剖析】exactly“确切地，精确地”；faithfully“忠实地，诚心诚意地”；re

16、peatedly“反复地，再三地”；simply“仅仅”。do more than 是对merely的否定，由此可以推断出merely是“仅仅，只”的意思。22.the legislative provision has a great impact on the operations of the department.a. law b. passage c. revision d. clause【正确答案】d【句子翻译】法律条款对这个部门的运转有着很大的影响。【考点剖析】law“法令，法典”；passage“（文章等的）一节，一段”；revision“校正，修订”；clause“（章程、条

17、约等的）条款”。legislative（立法的，立法机关的）只能修饰clause。23.in spite of a problem with the faulty equipment，some very useful work was accomplished. a. imperfect b. temporary c. emergency d. reinstalled【正确答案】a【句子翻译】尽管这台有毛病的设备出了故障，但一些很有帮助的工作已经完成了。【考点剖析】imperfect“不完全的，有缺点的”；temporary“暂时的，临时的”；emergency“突然事件，紧急时刻”；rein

18、stalled“重新装配的”。由problem可以推断faulty的含义是“有缺点的，有毛病的”。24.talks on climate change resumed in the german city of bonn on july 16 to combat global warming.a. focus on b. settle down c. fight against d. sum up【正确答案】c【句子翻译】关于气候变化的会谈7月16号在德国的波恩重新启动，以便应对全球变暖的问题。【考点剖析】focus on“聚焦于”；settle down“定居，专心于”；fight agai

19、nst“对抗”；sum up“总计，总结，概括”。举行会谈的目的是为了应对或解决全球变暖的问题，可以推断combat“抗击，与抗争”。25.bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is undermining fundamental academic values，and that we must act now to halt this decline.a. lace b. plug c. cease d. digest【正确答案】c【句子翻译】鲍勃认为，市场进入大学正在侵蚀基本的学术价值是，

20、我们必须立即采取行动来遏止这种衰退。【考点剖析】lace“扎带子”；plug“赌，塞”；cease“停止，终了”；digest“消化”。四个选项中只有c才能与宾语decline搭配。section b26.the local people could hardly think of any good way to_poverty they had endured. a. shake off b. ward off c. put off d. take off【正确答案】a【句子翻译】当地人几乎想不出任何好办法来摆脱他们忍受的贫困。【考点剖析】shake off“抖落，摆脱”；ward off“

21、避开，挡住”；put off“推迟，拖延”；take off“取消，脱衣，起飞”。四个选项中，poverty只能和a搭配。27.the three branches of governmentthe legislative，the executive，and the_restrain and stabilize one another through their separated functions.a. lawful b. just c. judicial d. legal 【正确答案】c【句子翻译】政府的三个部门立法、执法和司法机构通过各自独立的功能相互制约来达到均衡。【考点剖析】law

22、ful“合法的，法定的”；just“公正的，公平的”；judicial“司法的”；legal“法定的，合法的”。所填词应与legislative（立法的，有立法权的）和executive（执行的，有执行权的）并列，只有c满足要求。28.from observers estimates of the brightness of the fireball，he_that the body in the space was between 40 feet and 260 feet in diameter.a. deduced b. reduced c. induced d. produced 【正确

23、答案】a【句子翻译】根据观测员对火球亮度的估计，他推断在太空中的主体部分直径在40英尺到260英尺之间。【考点剖析】deduce“推论，推断，演绎（from）”；reduce“减少，缩小”；induce“劝诱，促使，导致”；produce“生产”。deduce常与from搭配表示“由推断出”。29.they provide a means of keeping_of the thousands of journal papers that are published monthly or quarterly.a. track b. contact c. relation d. steps 【正

24、确答案】a【句子翻译】他们提供了一种能记录数千篇期刊论文的方法，这些论文每月或每年出版。【考点剖析】keep track of“了解”；keep contact with“与保持联系”；relation与step不与keep连用。30. you can use the course calendar to help_your students of important dates in the course，such as test dates.a. warn b. remind c. convince d. deprive【正确答案】b【句子翻译】你可以用课程表来帮助提醒你的学生重要的课程日

25、期，比如考试日。【考点剖析】warn sb. of sth.“警告某人”；remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人”；convince sb. of sth.“使某人相信”；deprive sb. of sth.“使某人失去”。课程表的作用显然是用来提醒人们的，所以b是正确答案。31.among picture books for 48-year-olds，several outstanding works appeared that combined original stories with_illustrations.a. imaginable b. imaginative c.

26、imaging d. imageless【正确答案】b【句子翻译】在48岁的孩子所看的图画书中，有一些杰出的作品把原文和富有想象的插图结合在了一起。【考点剖析】imaginable“可以想象得到的”；imaginative“想象的，富于想象力的”；imaging“成想象”；imageless“无形象的，无意象的”。32.a survey of more than 1000 philosophers，teachers and students by the authoritative philosophers magazine placed charles darwins the origin

27、of_as the third most important work.a. sperms b. species c. spectrums d. specimens 【正确答案】b【句子翻译】由权威杂志 哲学家杂志 进行的，针对1000多名哲学家、教师和学生的一项调查把查尔斯达尔文的 物种起源 评为第三重要的著作。【考点剖析】sperm“精子，精液”；species“物种”；spectrum“光谱，波谱等”；specimen“样本，样品”。众所周知，达尔文写的名著叫 物种起源。33.as skies fill with millions of migrating birds，european

28、scientists say the seasonal miracle appears to depend on a seeming_：the fatter the bird，the more efficiently it flies.a. interruption b. description c. qualification d. contradiction【正确答案】d【句子翻译】当数以百万计的候鸟布满天空时，欧洲科学家宣称这种季节性的奇迹似乎取决于一个看似矛盾的现象：鸟儿越胖，飞行得越有效率。【考点剖析】 interruption“打断，中断”；description“叙述，描述”；q

29、ualification“资格”；contradiction“矛盾”。the fatter the bird，the more efficiently it flies是一个悖论，所以用contradiction才能描述这个结论的特征。34.the party leader justified his subsequent reelection_that he had brought political stability and economic development to his country.a. in the way b. by no means c. on the grounds

30、 d. to the extent 【正确答案】c【句子翻译】这个政党的领袖以他给国家带来了政治上的安定和经济上的发展证明他参加后来的再选是正确的。【考点剖析】in the way“挡道”；by no means“绝不”；on the grounds that“以为由”；to the extent“到的程度”。主从句之间是因果关系。35.a leading british scholar has proposed translating shakespeare into contemporary english _ young audiences who are confused by jok

31、es which are 400 years out of date.a. in memory of b. at the cost ofc. on behalf of d. for the benefit of【正确答案】d【句子翻译】为了帮助那些被过时400年的笑话弄糊涂的年轻读者，英国的一位权威学者建议将莎士比亚的作品评为现代英语。【考点剖析】in memory of“纪念”；at the cost of“以为代价”；on behalf of“代表”；for the benefit of“为的利益”。英国学者的建议是为了帮助困惑的年轻观众，只有d符合语境。2005年同等学力人员申请硕士学位

32、英语水平全国统一考试part vocabulary（10 minutes，10 points）section a11.should english classes be compulsory at the elementary or primary school level in countries where it is not the native language？a. required b. necessary c. selected d. permanent 【正确答案】a【句子翻译】英语课在那些母语不是英语的国家的小学里应该是必修课吗？【考点类型】形容词【考点剖析】required

33、“必修的”；necessary“必要的，不可或缺的”；selected“挑选出来的，精选的”；permanent“永久的，不变的，耐久的”。用来修饰english classes的compulsory的含义为“必修的”。12in the end，both attacks and defenses of the free market and conventional economics have immense philosophical implications.a. traditionalb. novelc. capital-centered d. consumption-centered

34、【正确答案】a【句子翻译】最后，自由市场经济学和传统经济学的相互抨击和辩护有着巨大的哲学意义。【考点类型】形容词【考点剖析】traditional“传统的，惯例的，因袭的”；novel“新的，新颖的”；capital-centered“资本集中的”；consumption-centered“以消费为中心的”。根据conventional economics和free market的比照可以推断出conventional的含义可能是“因袭的，传统的”。13.applicant will be asked to provide information on how they will dissem

35、inate information to other students at their university or college.a. discloseb. deliverc. spreadd. analyze【正确答案】c【句子翻译】求职者会被要求说明他们是如何把信息散布给学校的其他学生。【考点类型】动词【考点剖析】disclose“露出，泄露（秘密等）”；deliver“投递，传达”；spread“散布，流传，传播”；analyze“分解，分析，解析”。惯用搭配disseminate information to sb表示“向某人散布或传播信息”。14.in general，the b

36、ritish people belong to one of the more affluent countries of europe and enjoy a high standard of living compared to the rest of the world.a. plentifulb. powerfulc. friendlyd. wealthy【正确答案】d【句子翻译】总的说来，不列颠民族属于欧洲富裕国家之列；与世界上的其他国家相比，他们的生活水平较高。【考点类型】形容词【考点剖析】plentiful“丰富的”；powerful“有力的，强大的”；friendly“友好的，

37、亲密的”；wealthy“财产多的，富有的”。从enjoy a high standard of living可以推断出affluent表示“富裕的、富足的”意思。15.to absorb a younger work force，many companies offered retirement plans as incentives for older workers to retire and make way for the younger ones who earned lower salaries.a. rewards b. opportunities c. motives d.

38、stimuli【正确答案】d【句子翻译】为了吸引年轻的工人，许多公司通过为老工人提供退休计划来激励他们退休和为薪水低的年轻人让路。【考点类型】名词【考点剖析】reward“报酬，酬劳，奖赏，酬金”；opportunity“机会”；motive“动机”；stimulus（pl.-li）“刺激，刺激物”。offered retirement plans的目的是为了刺激老工人退休。16.their business flourished at its new location a year later owing to their joint efforts and hard work.a. pre

39、vailedb. failedc. boomedd. shrank【正确答案】c【句子翻译】由于他们的携手拼搏，新址的业务一年后兴旺起来了。【考点类型】动词【考点剖析】prevail“流行，盛行”；fail“失败”；boom“激增，猛涨，兴隆”；shrink（过去时shrank）“收缩”。从their joint efforts and hard work推出 their business会兴旺（flourish）17.the pressure on her from her family caused her to resort to the drastic measures.a. turn

40、 tob. keep toc. stick tod. lead to 【正确答案】a【句子翻译】家人的压力导致她采用了极端的手段。【考点类型】动词词组【考点剖析】turn to“求助于”；keep to“使局限于”；stick to“坚持”；lead to“导致，引起”。resort to“采取，诉诸，求助于”。18.i shall never forget the look of intense anguish on the face of his parents when they heard the news.a. stressb. dilemmac. miseryd. surprise

41、【正确答案】c【句子翻译】我永远不会忘记当他的父母听到消息后表现出来的极度痛苦的样子。【考点类型】名词【考点剖析】stress“压力，压迫，紧迫，紧张”；dilemma“窘境，困境，进退两难”；misery“苦痛，疼痛”；surprise“惊奇，吃惊”。anguish是一种面部表情，可以排除dilemma和stess。19.if minor disputes are left unsettled，tough ones will pile up sooner or later.a. accumulateb. vanishc. lingerd. emerge【正确答案】a【句子翻译】如果小争端都不

42、解决，迟早会积聚成棘手的难题。【考点类型】动词词组【考点剖析】accumulate“积累，积聚”；vanish“消失，消灭”；linger“逗留，徘徊，拖延”；emerge“出现，显露”。unsettled导致的后果是问题的积聚（pile up）；所以答案选a。20.the police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds in front of the government building.a. unskillfully b. violently c. ineffectively d. eventually【正确答案】c【句子翻译】警察

43、尽力想驱散政府大楼前示威的人群，但一切都是徒劳的。【考点类型】介词词组【考点剖析】in vain“徒劳地，无益地”，是固定搭配；在这里表达一种转折的语义。unskillfully“不熟练地，不擅长地”；violently“猛烈地，强烈地”；ineffectively“无效地，不起作用地”；eventually“最终地”。因此正确答案是c。section b21.i would like to express my_to you all for supporting me this summer as a visiting scholar in your department.a. satisf

44、actionb. gratitude c. pleasure d. sincerity【正确答案】b【句子翻译】我十分感谢你们支持我今年夏天作为贵系的访问学者。【考点类型】名词【考点剖析】satisfaction“满足，满意，舒服”；gratitude“感谢”；pleasure“愉快，快乐”；sincerity“真挚，诚实，诚意”。既然其他人给予了自己支持，应该向他们表达谢意；所以b是正确答案。22.the objective of this popular consultation is to determine，_，the final political status of the reg

45、ion，whether to remain part of the country as a special district，or to part from it.a. once upon a time b. once and againc. all at once d. once and for all【正确答案】d【句子翻译】这次同民众进行商议的目的是最终决定该地区的政治地位：是把它划为特别行政区并继续作为国土的一部分；还是把它分离出去。【考点类型】词组【考点剖析】once upon a time“（用于儿童故事的开头）从前，过去”；once and again“再次”；all at o

46、nce“突然，意想不到地”；once and for all“最后一次，一劳永逸地”。显然，能够修饰determine the final political status的只有once and for all。23.the two countries will assign counter-drug officials to their respective embassies on a _ basis.a. fundamental b. similar c. reciprocald. reasonable【正确答案】c【句子翻译】基于互惠原则，这两个国家将向各自的大使馆指派禁毒官员。【考点

47、类型】形容词【考点剖析】fundamental“基础的，基本的，根本的，重要的”；similar“类似的”；reciprocal“相互的，互惠的”；reasonable“合理的”。这句话的语境涉及的是两国的关系，所以应选c。24.tennessees population is nearly two-fifths rural，and no single city or group of cities_ the state.a. dominatesb. managesc. manipulates d. controls【正确答案】a【句子翻译】田纳西州大约五分之二的人口都是农村居民，因此州内没有

48、哪个城市或城市群处于支配地位。【考点类型】动词【考点剖析】dominate“支配，统治”；manage“管理，经营”；manipulate“操纵，控制”；control“管制，控制”。虽然四个选项的意思接近，但只有dominate才能与主语city搭配。25.we all know that in a situation like this a cool head is_.a. called for b. called off c. called on d. called up【正确答案】a【句子翻译】众所周知，在这种情况下需要保持头脑冷静。【考点类型】动词词组【考点剖析】call for“把

49、招徕，要求”；call off“取消，撤销（活动计划）”；call on“短暂拜访，要求某人做某事”；call up“征召入伍，回忆起”。这是与call有关的一组固定搭配。从词义上看，call off和call up不能与a cool head 搭配；call on虽然也有“要求”的意思，但它所跟的宾语必须是人，所以只有a是正确答案。26.the destruction an earthquake causes depends on its_ and duration，or the amount of shaking that occurs.a. altitude b. magnitude c

50、. multitude d. aptitude 【正确答案】b【句子翻译】地震带来的破坏取决于它的大小、持续时间和震动的次数。【考点类型】名词【考点剖析】altitude“海拔”；magnitude“大小，量”；multitude“许多，大量”；aptitude“天资，才能”。虽然这四个选项形近（有共同的词尾-itude，表示“性，状况，程度”），但只有magnitude能修饰earthquake。27.the el nino has_affected the regional weather and temperature over much of the tropics，sub-tropi

51、cs and some mid-latitude areas.a. externally b. consistently c. insistently d. internally【正确答案】b【句子翻译】厄尔尼诺现象对很多热带、亚热带和中纬度地区的气候和气温造成了持续的影响。【考点类型】副词【考点剖析】externally“外部地”；consistently“一贯地，始终如一地”；insistently“坚持地”；internally“内部地”。题目要求找出一个描述厄尔尼诺现象对气候和气温影响状况的状语，只有b符合要求。28.during all these years of absence

52、he had _ a tender feeling for his mother and the family.a. enclosed b. hugged c. enriched d. cherished【正确答案】d【句子翻译】出门在外的这些年里，他对母亲和家人一直怀有深深的眷恋。【考点类型】动词【考点剖析】enclose“（用篱、墙等）围起，圈起，包围，围绕”；hug“紧抱，拥抱，搂抱”；enrich“使富裕，使丰富”；cherish“怀有，抱有（希望等）”。四个选项中只有cherish能与feeling搭配。29.the _ choice for a consumer，therefore，is the choice among the available ones that will enable him or her to maximize utility.a. optimal b. optional c. opticald. optimistic【正确答案】a【句子翻译】因此，消费者的最优选择是选择那些能使他们或她们的效用最大化的产品。【考点类型】形容词【考点剖析】optimal“最好的，最理想的”；optional“可自由选择的，随意的，非强制的”；opti