学习宾语从句要抓住三要素

1、学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。一、时态：1. 主句用-般现在时,从句可用任意时态。2. 主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。当主句为过去时 从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时 发生I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didn t know what country he was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书，可不知道是哪个国家.He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and theSea when he was

2、in.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读老人与海. 从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他己经把有关会议的事情告诉了 Mary. 从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后The reporter asked if the government would take necessary- measures to put down the to do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.3. 主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。如果从句是一

3、个客观真理，那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化The teacher said that the moon goes around the earthyesterday老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.二、语序：陈述句的语序。三、宾语从句的连接词从属连词：连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句th琳无词义，在口语或非正式文体中 常省略。如：She said that she would leave the message on the headmaster * s desk.He said tha.t he could finish his

4、work before supperHe told me that he would go to the college the next year 他告诉我 他明年上大学.if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.如：Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bagI don t know whether he， 11 come the day after tomotrow.I don， t know if there will be a bus any more我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody

5、 knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.直接与or not连用时，往往用whether如：Let me know whether he will come or notI don t know whether he does any washing or not.在不定式前只能用whether.I can* t decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留whether从句做介词宾语Everything depends on whether you agree with us特殊疑问词如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只

6、需用原来的疑问词引 导。连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom , whose , wha.t , whoever , whomever , whosever, whatever, whichever 等.The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书 会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you want to buy, a Motorola orNokia cell phone?（注意时态）你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗？Can you tell me

7、 who looks after the sick boy?Can you tell me who he is waiting for?连接副词 连接副词主要有when,where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 等.He didn， t tell me when we should meet again他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you use the new panel? 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗？None of us knows where these new parts

8、 can be bought没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句动词find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足 语 的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water everyday .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven * t been to the get together 我 没去聚会，感觉非常遗憾.中译英：1. 我们都预料他们会赢，因为他们的队

9、员更强壮.2. 他告诉我们在整个工作中，他们都会帮忙的.3. 我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.4. 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗？5. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.6. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.7. 我确信我会通过考试.8. 很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.Keys :We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger He told us that they would help us through the whole work I have found out that

10、all the tickets for the concert have been sold out Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matterI am sure I will pass the examI am s

11、orry that I have troubled you so long The teacher told the children that the sunroundA. was B. is C were D are2. I believe that our tearnthe basketball match A win B. won C will win D. wins3. 1 dont knowto visit the old man.A. whether B. if C. that D. who1. Can you see ?A. what hes reading B. what i

12、s he readingC. what does he read D. he reads what2. Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?（合并成一个句子）Do you know Jackfrom Japan?3. _What did your son say in the letter?_He told me that he the Disney would the next dayA. will visit B. has visitedC. is going to visit D. would visit4. He didift knowA. w

13、has the matter B.what the matter isC. what was the matter D. what the matter was5. Somebody called you just now, but I didnt knowA. who were they B who they wereC. who was it D. who it was6. 1 want to knowA. what is his name B. what，s his nameC. that his name is D - what his name is7. Could you tell me she is looking for?一Her cousin, susan.A. that B. whose C . who D. which8. 一What are you searching the Internet for?-r m trying to find out A. What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLUB. How many persons have died in IraqC. How to protect our environmentD. Why is our Chinese te