名词性从句和虚拟语气

1、名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气一、相关概念二、种类三、常见引导词四、七大常考考点1.thatwhatwhich 2.it形式主语、宾语的用法3.语序问题 4.同位语从句和定从的区别5.whatwhatever6.ifwhether 7.虚拟语气问题五、2007年高考定语从句和名词性从句考题名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气.相关概念1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词名词：表示人或事物的名称的词2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语主语,宾语宾语,表语和同位语。另外还可以作表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语定语,

2、状语。状语。3.名词性从句：名词性从句： 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语，由语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫这个句子就叫:名词性从句。名词性从句。名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气1.When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.3. My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea

3、that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句二、二、 名词性从句的种类名词性从句的种类（动词、介词、形容词之后的宾从）（动词、介词、形容词之后的宾从）名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气1）从属连词）从属连词that只引导，本身无意义，仅起只引导，本身无意义，仅起引导作用。（引导宾语从句时引导作用。（引导宾语从句时省，但是如省，但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句，只能省第一个）果是并列的多个宾语从句，只能省第一个）2）连接代词）连接代词who,whom,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichev

4、er等，有意义，作成分等，有意义，作成分3）连接副词）连接副词where,when,how,why等，有意义，等，有意义，在句中作状语在句中作状语4）从属连词）从属连词if,whether（是否）（是否）(if 只能引导动只能引导动词、形容词之后的宾语从句词、形容词之后的宾语从句)名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气 1._he said has nothing to do with you.2. _well start tomorrow will be told soon.3. _he did such a thing satisfied me.4_ we can protect cul

5、tural relics needs to be discussed.whatwhenThatHow名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气 1. _ he said it made us angry . _ he said at the meeting made us angry. 2. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. whereThatWhat名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气考点考点1：连

6、接词：连接词： that 与与 what 的区别的区别What we cant get seems better than what we have . That (a new teacher will come to our school ) is true .that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不 充当任何成分充当任何成分 what 既有连接作用，既有连接作用， 又要在从句中作成分又要在从句中作成分（ 主语，宾语，主语，宾语， 表语）表语）( 的东西的东西;物物;话话;时间时间;地点地点;人物人物;数目等不同概念数目等不同概念)名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性

7、从句和虚拟语气 1.After five hours drive, they reached was the place theyd been dreaming of. 2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at was a dangerous speed. 3. The way he did it was different from we were used to. 4._ the earth is round is known to us all.5. Father made a promise _ if I

8、 passed the examination he would buy me a computer.whatwhat whatThatthat名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气B : what (什么什么) / which ( 表选择表选择, 哪哪一个一个) 1. -Do you know_Mr Blacks address is ? -He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _

9、 it was? whatwhichwhich名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气1）_ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter3) Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is -

10、not ever. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity .2.他来不来不重要。他来不来不重要。_doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that考点考点 2 ：it作形式主语作形式主语,形式宾语的用法形式宾语的用法 it 作形式主语作形式主语Whether he will come or not名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性

11、从句和虚拟语气 It is well known/reported/ thought/said that It is clear/necessary/certain/true that It is a pity/a shame/an honor that It doesnt matter whether It seems that It happens that名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气 1. _is known to all, Taiwan is only part of China. A. As B. That C. Which D.What 2. It is known t

12、o all_ Taiwan is only part of China.A. as B. that C. if D. for 3. It was on Sunday _ I met him. A. that B.when C. what D. which （非限制性定语从句）（非限制性定语从句）（强调句）（强调句）名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气 * (2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容，指代后面从句所叙述的内容， 常用于这些动词后，常用于这些动词后， like/dislike/love/hate /appreciate/make+it 后后常跟常跟if 或或when从句从句b. i

13、t 作形式宾语作形式宾语*(1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to doI hate it when people laugh at the disabled .*(3) depend on it that 名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气1. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one2.You may depend on _ that you parents w

14、ill help you whenever you need it. A.them B. yourself C. it D. me 名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气1.The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气v2.You can hardly imagine _whe

15、n he heard the news .vA. how he was excitedvB. how was he excitedvC. how excited he wasvD. he was how excited名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气3.He asked_for a violinA. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气4.What time do you think _? will Besty come he

16、re B.Besty will come hereC.is Besty coming hereD.can Besty get here名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气考点考点4 4 同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句一般跟在名词同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information, knowledge, doubt, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面后面, 用以说用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容明或解释前面的

17、名词的内容.定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制作用定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制作用名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气The news that she passed the exam excited her parents .The news that we know from her excited all of us .解释说明；解释说明；that在从句中不充当成分在从句中不充当成分但是不能省。但是不能省。修饰限定；修饰限定；that在从句中有成分、在从句中有成分、作宾语时可以省。作宾语时可以省。同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气1.The sug

18、gestion that he should not go there is of great value.2. The suggestion that he made is of great value.3.The fact that he won the first place cant be denied.4.The fact that he told me excited me.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气注注: 1. 1. 同位语从句多用同位语从句多用that 引导引导2. 在在have no ide

19、a 之后常用之后常用wh-引导同位语从句引导同位语从句. I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气考点5.选择填空（what,whatever,who,whoever)v1._ was said here must be kept secret.v2. _we need is more time.v3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.v4._

20、 breaks the law will be punished. WhateverWhatWhoWhoever名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气v _等引导的等引导的名词性从句名词性从句不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义，相，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而当于名词后加一个定语从句，而v_等引导的等引导的名词性从句都名词性从句都含有疑问意义含有疑问意义。whoever, whateverWho, what 请你归纳请你归纳who,whoever/what,whatever ?名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气1._ has helped to save the drowning girl

21、 is worth praising. A.Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气2. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A.anyone B. whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 注：注：wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句又可引导让步状语从句no matter wh- 只引导让步状丛只引导让步状丛名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气 3. It is general

22、ly considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气考点考点6.用用if 或或whether 填空填空v1. I dont know _Ill be free tomorrow.v2. It seemed as if he was indifferent(漠然漠然)_ he could get into a lifeboat.v3. The question is _ this vbook is wo

23、rth writing.whether / ifwhetherif名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气v4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.v5. _ they can do it matters little to us.a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从主语从句、表语从句、同位语从 句、句、 介词后面的宾语从句只能用介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether， 不能用不能用if ；b.后面紧跟后面紧跟 or not 时时, 用用whetherc.宾语从句是否定结构时只用宾语从句是否定结构时只用ifwhetherWhether名词性从句和虚

24、拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气 1._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B.Whether C. That D.Where名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气1.在在order，demand，request，advise，等所接的宾语等所接的宾语从句中用从句中用should 型虚拟语气。型虚拟语气。should 常省略常省略。 2.在在order，suggestion等名词后同位语从句，表等名词后同位语从句，表语从句中用语从句中用should 型虚拟语气，可省略型虚拟语气，可省略should3.在在as if，as though引导的表语从句中，在必要引导的表语从句中，在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。名词性从句和虚拟语气名词性从句和虚拟语气4.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有常用的句型有：（1）It is necessary (important,