总结与形容词同形副词

1、总结与形容词同形副词总结与形容词同形的副词以及英语-ly副词与其同源副词的用法有些副词有两种形式：一是与形容词同形；另外一种呢，还加了一个-ly尾巴。你知道它们的差别吗？它们或小或大，足以在考试中把你弄得晕头转向。 1. clean and cleanly 副词clean完全不是“干净的”的意思，而是“径直地，完全地”意思。 The bullet went clean through his arm. 子弹完全穿过了他的胳膊。 I clean forgot about it. 我完全把这个事情忘了。（这里也可以翻成“我把这个事情忘得干干净净了”。看来中文和英文还是有共通之处啊！） That k

2、nife doesnt cut clean. 那把小刀切起来不利落。 而cleanly就是“清洁地”意思啦。 The desk was cleanly filed. 桌子被整理得干干净净。 2. clear and clearly 副词clear的意思和clean的意思一样，是“完全地，径直地”意思。 You see me clear. 你很透彻地看穿我。 He disappeared clear away after the crime. 他犯罪后消失得无影无踪。 clear还可以解释为“隔离，不接触”的意思。 Stand clear of the gate. 别靠近门。 You shoul

3、d keep clear of that stupid guy. 你应该离那个蠢家伙远一点。 当然啦，当要表达诸如“清楚地”“明显地”意思的时候，你就放心大胆地用clearly吧。 Can you see it clearly? 你看得清楚吗？ He is clearly wrong. 他明显错了。 有两个句子你要牢牢记住，clear和clearly都可以： The moon shone clearly / clear. 月光明媚。 He spoke clearly / clear and loudly / loud. 他说话清晰明朗。 3. close and closely 都听过莫文蔚的

4、Close To You这首歌吧？那为什么不是Closely To You？就让我来解释一下这两个词的区别吧！ 副词close修饰具体的事物，表示“接近地”意思。 He lives close to the school. 他住得离学校很近。 当修饰抽象的事物，表示“接近地”、“严密地”、“仔细地”的时候，就放心大胆地用closely吧！ Watch what I do closely! 仔细看我怎么做的！ 4. direct and directly 副词direct作“直线地，不绕圈子地”解。 The train goes there direct. 火车直接开到那儿。 The next

5、flight doesnt go direct to Rome. 飞机不直达罗马。 He came direct to London. 他直接到了伦敦。 而directly作“直接地”的解。 Answer my question directly! 直接回答我的问题！ She told me very directly and openly. 她直截了当地告诉我了。 directly还有“立即”和“马上”的意思。 I will be there directly. 我马上就到。 He should be here directly if you dont mind waiting. 如果您不介

6、意等等，他马上就到。 5. easy and easily easy作副词的时候只出现在固定搭配中。 Take it easy. 别着急，慢慢来。 Go easy. 别着急。 Easy come, easy go. 好来好散。 Stand easy! 稍息！ 除此之外，都用easily。 I finished it easily. 我一下子就搞定了。 He is not easily satisfied. 他不容易满足。 6. firm and firmly firm作副词用时，只出现在以下的固定搭配中： Stand firm. 站稳了啊。 Always hold firm to what y

7、ou believe. 坚持你所信仰的东西。 7. high and highly high用作副词用的时候也只出现在以下几种情况中，你牢牢记住就好！ aim high力争上游 hold ones head high骄傲 play high大赌注 search high and low到处寻找 run high激动 fly high有雄心 highly通常是抽象的“高”的意思。 He spoke highly of her. 他大大赞美她。 He paid highly for his stupid behaviors. 他为他做的蠢事付出了很高的代价。 8. right and rightl

8、y 这两个词语当表示“对”的意思的时候都可以修饰动词，但是rightly通常放在动词之前。你可以看看下面的句子。 He rightly guessed that you were not going there. He guessed right that you were not going there. 他猜对了，你不会去。 If I remember right, you were my high school classmate. 如果我记得没错的话，你是我的高中同学。 If Im rightly informed, I should be there right away. 如果消息

9、没错的话，我得马上去。 9. sharp and sharply 这两个词都可当作“急剧地”意思解。 At the crossroads, we turned sharp to the left. 我们在十字路口突然来了个左转。 The road turns very sharply. 道路起伏不平。 另sharp作副词时表达“准时”或“仓猝”的意思，多半修饰时间、方向和音符；sharply则是“刻薄”或“尖刻”的意思，多半修饰行动和说话。 The violins were playing sharp 小提琴能演奏高音。 Dont speak too sharply to them，pleas

10、e 请不要对他们说话过于尖刻了。 10. slow and slowly slow作副词用的时候仅仅能用于go slow这样的搭配。其他情况都用slowly。 The workers decided to go slow. 工人们决定怠工一会儿。 Speak slowly, please. 拜托您说慢点儿。 Drive slowly when you are crossing the road. 过那条马路的时候开慢点儿。 练习一下 下面有几道测试题，如果你还拿不到满分，那就再多看看这篇文章吧！ Sorry I didnt turn up I _ forgot. (clean, cleanly

11、) Im afraid Im _ out of food. (clean, cleanly) This pen writes _ . (clean, cleanly) I cant see _ without my glasses. (clear, clearly) The prisoner got _ away. (clear, clearly) Come _ ! I want to tell you some secrets. (close, closely) Shes _ related to my family. (close, closely) The plan goes _ fro

12、m London to Houston without stopping. (direct, directly) Lets meet _ after lunch; then Ill take you _ to your room. (direct, directly) This is a sentence _ quoted from Latin. (direct, directly) I _ recommend it. (high, highly) He can jump really _. (high, highly) Hes really ambitious; he aims _. (hi

13、gh, highly) I _ assumed that Henry wasnt coming. (right, rightly) Always hold _ to your beliefs. (firm, firmly) Fix the post _ in the ground. (firm, firmly) Keys: clean clean cleanly clearly clear close closely directly direct；directly directly highly high highly rightly firm firmly 英语中有一些表示方式、 程度的副

14、词具有两种形式。 如late，lately； high，highly；slow，showly等 等。在这些词当中，两种不同形式所表达的含 义有的完全不同，有的很相似，而有的却完全一致。这就给人们 使用这些词时 带来一定的麻烦。特别是在学生中间，总免不了使用时的混淆。笔者想就此问题 分类作一点探讨 。（一）本类词有hard，hardly；late，lately；most，mostly等等，这两种副词形式含义完全不同，所以，使用时不易引起混淆。1.He works hard all day.他整天都在使劲地干活。He hardly works at all.他很少干活。2.You have com

15、e too late.你来得太晚了。Have you see him lately?你最近见到过他吗？3.The person who talks most is often the one who doesleast.说得最 多的人常常干得最少。The audience consisted mostly of women.观众大部分是女的。4.The next flight dose not go direct to Tokyo; it goes byway of Shanghai.下趟航班不直飞东京 ，而是绕道上海。He will be here directly.他马上就来。5.The

16、rider pulled his horse up short.骑手突然一下把马勒住。Make a right turn shortly beyond the village. 村前不远处往右拐。6.Please stand clear of the gate.请不要站在门前。He stated his view-point clealy.他很清楚明白地阐述了自己的观点。7.The exam was pretty difficult.这次考试相当难。Her little girls are always prettily dressed.她的小女孩穿着总是很 漂亮。（二）这类词主要有wide，

17、widely；close， closely ；high，highly等 等，这两种副词形式不同，含义也有差别，但是没有第一类的区别明显，而且翻译成汉语时用词也很接近。所以使用时很容易混淆。 这类词含义及用法上的主要特点是：不带-ly的副词表示具体的行为和动作，说明的动作或状况有可测 量性和可见性；而 以-ly结尾的同源副词所表达的常常是抽象性的行为和状况。 这时，这些词大都具有greatly和extremel y的含义。试作如下比较：1.Do you see that butterfly flying high above the street?你是否看 见那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飞舞 着？Th

18、e distinguished guests were highly praised.贵宾们受到了高度赞扬。 2.He flung the door wide open.他猛地把门开得大大的。We were widely different on many questions.我们在许多问题上分歧很 大。3.You will have to pay dear for that telescope.买那个望远镜你得付 很高的价钱。You will pay dearly for the insult. 对这样的侮辱你将付出高昂的代价。4.She stood close against the wa

19、ll.她紧挨着墙站着。The police were watching him closely.警察在密切监视他。5.The bird is now flying quite low.鸟儿现在飞得非常低。He bowed lowly before the queen.他谦恭地给女王鞠了一躬。6.They had to dig deep to reach water.他们挖得很深才挖到水。 You have offended him deeply.你冒犯他可不轻。7.Grace is holding tight to Paul.格雷斯紧紧地搂抱着保罗。The passengers were pa

20、cked tightly in the train.火车车箱里挤满了乘 客。8.Mr. Cole tends to speak rather loud.科尔先生说话声音总是很大。Mr. Cole boasted loudly of his power. 科尔先生大肆夸耀自己的权力。（三）这类词主要有slow，slowly；quick，quickly等等异形同义词。 当然，现代英语的语言规范性要求用以-ly 结尾的副词来修饰动词，但由于句子结构以及搭配的不同，使用时也具有不同的倾向性。在此，主要 探讨一下在什么情况下常使用不带-ly的副词形式。同时，把第二类中一些适应于下列规则的词也包括进去。

21、总的说来，倾向于使用不带-ly副词形式的情况大致有下列四种： 用作比较级或最高级时：1.Allen was walking quickly, but George was walking evenquicker.艾伦走得很快，但乔治走得更快 。2.The men were quarreling loudly, but the policemenshouted louder.那些人在大声争吵着，但是警察 喊叫得更响。 3.The car went slower and slower until it came to a stand still.汽车走得越来越慢，最后停了下 来。4.Lets se

22、e who can run quickest.我们来看看谁跑得最快。5.We must look closer at the problem. 我们必须更加仔细地查看这一问题。 有so或too修饰时： 1.It all happened so quick that I could do nothing. 这一切发生得如 此之快以致于我手足无措无法 对付了。2.It is impossible to overtake him; your car goes tooslow.不可能赶 上他了，你的车太慢了。3.Dont talk so loud; the child is in bed now.别这

23、样大声说话，孩子 已经睡了。 用于修饰表示移动、天气等常用动词时： 1.Come quick; we are waiting for you. 快来，我们在等你。2.Drive slow; this part of the road is dangerous.车开慢一点，这段 路很危险。3.The sun shines bright.阳光明媚。 4.When we left the shelter, the snow was falling thickand the wind was blowing cold.我们 离开那棚屋时，正下着大雪，刮着寒风。5.Business is going s

24、trong.生意兴隆。 在固定词组中或当用于修饰它经常固定搭配的动词时：1.Take it easy.不要紧张。 2.Stand firm and hold it tight.站稳抓牢。3.He often plays high.他赌注常下得很大。4.The secretary copied the rough draft of her manager outfair.秘书 把经理那份粗潦的草稿很清 楚地誊写出来。5.They were drinking deep in the fort deep into the night.他们在城 堡中痛饮到深夜。 通过观察，以上三类词中第一类较易区别、掌握和使用。对于后两类词，在 判别使用哪一种副词形式时一 般可以考虑以下几个原则：第一是具体性与抽象 性的原则。在表示实