高考作文训练系列二应用文

1、高考作文训练系列二 应用文一、书信 1.书信的格式书信是一种最常用的应用文体，通常由五部分组成： (1)信头（Heading）包括写信人的姓名（单位名称）、地址和日期，写在信纸的右上角(靠近信笺中央写起)。地址的名称按从小到大的顺序：门牌号楼号街名城市名省名邮编国名。可分行，同行的两部分间用逗号，行首美国多采用齐头式，即每行左边对齐；英国多采用缩进式，即每行逐次向右缩进.日期在下。正式信函中月份不可缩写，美国习惯“月.日.年”：May15(th),1997 英国习惯“日.月.年”： 15(th) May,1997。1997不可写成97。(2)信内地址（Inside Address）即收信人的姓

2、名、地址。在一般的社交信中，信内收信人的地址通常省略，但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等写在发信日期的下一行顶格写。姓名在上，地址在下，姓名前常有Mr, Mrs, Miss, Ms(女士),或Dr(博士)，Prof(教授)等尊称；不知道姓名时就写职称，如The manager.(3)称呼（Salutation） 是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方，从该行的顶格写起，在称呼后面一般用逗号（英国式），也能够用冒号（美国式）。 不相识的人用Dear Sir，Dear Madam。相识的用Dear Mr(Mrs, Miss, Ms)后面接姓名。亲朋好友较随便,可用M

3、y dear Tom,Dear Daddy(4)正文（Body of the Letter）正文应分段书写，每段起首处空约5个字母的距离。信尾也常另起一段，写祝愿语。(5)结束语（Complimentary Close） 在正文下面的一、二行处，从信纸的中间偏右处开始，第一个词开头要大写，句末用逗号。如See you (再见)、( With) Best wishes(祝你平安)、Yours always (永远是你的挚爱)、Yours ever (永远爱你的)、Your friend (你的友人)、Truly yours (挚友)、Sincerely yours或Yours sincerely

4、或Sincerely (最诚挚的友人)、Love (爱人，避免用在两个男士间的信件)等。 不同的对象，结束语的写法也不同。 （1）写给家人、亲戚，用Your loving grandfather，Lovingly yours，Lovingly等； （2）写给熟人、朋友，用Yours cordially，Yours affectionately等； （3）写业务信函用Truely yours（Yours truely），Faithfully yours（Yours faithfully）； （4）对上级、长辈用Yours obediently（Obediently yours），Yours re

5、spectfully（Respectfully yours）等。2.书信的常用语.典例及答案(1)Im writing to tell you.我给您写信时想告诉你(2)I was so glad /pleased/happy to hear from you.收到你的来信实在太高兴了。(3) How nice to hear from you(again).(再次) 收到你的来信我感到真高兴。(4) Very glad to receive your letter.很高兴收到你的来信.(5) I have learnt from the newspaper that a secretary

6、is wanted in your company.我从报纸上获悉你们公司招聘秘书.(6) I read in a newspaper that 我从报纸上读到.(7) Congratulations on your祝贺你.(8)Im sorry that I have delayed answering your letter.很抱歉没有即时给你回信.(9) Thank you very much for your letter.十分感谢你的来信.(10) Its a very long time since we last saw each other.很长时间我们没有见面了.(11)Ho

7、w are you getting on recently？你近来可好？(12)Im looking forward to your early reply.我盼望着你们早日给我答复.(13) Im looking forward to seeing you soon.我盼望着早日见到你.(14) Im looking forward to receiving your reply soon.我盼望着尽快收到你的回信. (15)Wish you good luck/a good time there/happy/good health!祝你好运/ 祝你在那儿玩的愉快/ 祝你幸福/ 祝你健康(1

8、6)Best wishes.祝你万事如意.信封邮票： 贴在右上角收信人姓名及地址： 最好与信内格式相同，一般写在信封的中央。发信人姓名及地址： 先写姓名再写地址，格式与信内相同，一般写在信封的左上方。信件性质 可写By Air Mail (航空)，Personal(亲启), Rush(急件)Express(快件) Registered(挂号)等，一般写在信封的左下角.二. 英文日记日记格式左上角顶格写日期，星期。英语日记中的第一行的月份与星期通常都是缩写的右上角写天气情况，首字母要大写日记通常用一般过去时叙述 月份： January-Jan. February-Feb. March-Mar.

9、April-Apr. May-May. June-Jun. July-Jul. August-Aug. September-Sept. October-Oct. November-Nov. December-Dec. 星期 Sunday-Sun Monday-Mon. Tuesday-Tues. Wednesday-Wed. Thursday-Thur. 或 Thurs. Friday-Fri. Saturday-Sat. 天气 Sunny 晴 Windy 风 Fine 晴 Rainy 雨 Fog 雾 Snowy 雪 Thundering 雷雨 Haily 冰雹 晴 clear 阴 overc

10、ast 多云 cloudy 小雨 light rain大雨 heavy rain 毛毛雨 drizzle 阵雨 shower 东风 east wind 南风 south wind 西风 west wind 北风 north wind 西南风 southwester东南风 southeaster 东北风 northeaster 西北风 northwester 气温 temperature炎热 scorching heat 寒冷 icy cold 下雪 snow 冰雹 hail 虹 rainbow 节日 Spring Festival 春节 Womens Day 三八妇女节May Day 五一劳动

11、节 Childrens Day 儿童节 National Day 国庆节 句子 On my way to school, something unusual happened. 下面学生日记供大家参考： Sun., Feb. 1 Overcast The night before the examination The clock struck eleven at night. The whole house was quiet. Everyone was in bed except me. Under the strong light, I looked gloomily before me

12、 at a huge pile of that disgusting stuff they call “books”. I was going to have my examination the next day. “When can I go to bed ” I asked myself. I did not answer. In fact I dared not. The clock struck 12.“Oh, dear!” I cried. “Ten more books to read before I can go to bed!” We students are the mo

13、st wretched creatures in the world.练习假定你是李华，你所在的学校拟在下个月举办美国电影节(American Film Festival).请根据以下要点给你的美国朋友peter写一封短信，邀请他给学生做一次讲座。信的主要内容包括：1. 讲座目的：使学生对美国电影有所了解。2. 讲座内容：简要介绍美国电影（制片）业的历史。3. 讲座时间：1小时30分钟左右.注意：1.能够适当增加细节，使结构完整.2.词数100左右.One possible version：Dear Peter, Our school is planning to an American Fi

14、lm Festival next month. Im writing to you to come and a talk on American Films and filmmaking industry. It will help the students , and is sure to increase their of American culture as well . Do you think one and a half will be Please me know as soon possible so that I can arrangements.Im forward se

15、eing you and enjoying the talk.With best wishes! Yours, Li Hua沙场练兵假如你是一名叫李华的女孩，最近你从一家报纸上得知一家中外合资汽车贸易公司招聘一名秘书，你想应聘，便写信与该公司的人事部主任刘先生联系。请你根据下列情况用英语介绍简历，并表明应聘理由和应聘后的打算。年龄：24岁身高：1.63米毕业学校：北京大学英语系兴趣：写作(曾在报刊.杂志上发表过三十余篇新闻报道和文章)经历：大学毕业后留校当了两年英语教师电话号码意：1. 写信格式要准确. 2. 写信日期为2012年3月12日. 3. 正文字数100左

16、右.高考作文训练系列二 - 应用文练习Dear Peter, Our school is planning to hold an American Film Festival next month. Im writing to ask you to come and give a talk on American Films and filmmaking industry. It will help the students get an understanding of American films, and is sure to increase their knowledge of Am

17、erican culture as well . Do you think one and a half will be enough ? Please let me know as soon as possible so that I can make arrangements .Im looking forward to seeing you and enjoying the talk.With best wishes! Yours, Li Hua沙场练兵Dear Mr.Liu, Recently I have learnt from a newspaper that your compa

18、ny needs a secretary. I would like to get the position. Im a girl of 24 and 1.63 metres in height. I graduated from the English Department of Beijing University and I have worked as an English teacher for two years at the university since graduation. Im good at computer as well as English .Im especially interested in writing and I have written more than thirty news r