专题七 初中英语介词讲解与练习

1、 专题七 初中英语介词讲解1介词的含义，介词（虚词），不能在句子中独立充当成分。它总是用于名词、代词、或相当于名词的其它词类或短语或从句前。中考需要掌握的11个介词：in、on、at、to、from、by、with、for、about、after、before表示时间的介词A典型例题：1. in 1996 / in 2002 / in 1847（年份）2. in October / in February / in March （月份）3. in spring / in summer / in autumn / in winter （季节）4. in a week / in a year 在1

2、周 / 年中5. in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening 在上午 / 下午 / 晚上in the daytime 在白天 / in the future 在将来 / in one minute 在1分钟内 / in the end表示较长时间（长于一天或短于一天）如：年、年份、月份、季节、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词“in”。- B典型例题：1. at ten oclock / at seven thirty. （表示某一钟点）2. at noon / at night / at midnight （在中午、晚上、

3、半夜一天中相对短暂的时间）3. at the age of twenty / at the age of thirty-five （表示某一年龄）4. at that time 在那时 / at the moment 这时、此刻 / at first 首先 / at last 最后in the end 5. at once 立刻、马上 / on weekends 在周末 / 在一年中的这个时候at this time of year / at the beginning /end of在 开始/结束时表示时间的某一点（或表示某时刻）如：钟点、年龄或其它的习惯用法中要用“at”。- C典型例题：

4、1. on Monday / on Tuesday / on Wednesday / on Friday 2. on January 1 / on April 18 / on May 313. on January 1, 1988 / on April 18, 2002 / on May 31,19774. on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Wednesday evening5. on a winter morning / on a summer evening / on a autumn afternoon6. on the morn

5、ing of May fifth7. on my birthday / on that day / on New Years Day / on the first two days / on Christmas Day8. 值日 on duty / 准时 on time /表示某一天或者特定（某一天上，下午）的时间用介词“on”。- D典型例题：How long 1. for two hours / for three days2. for hundreds of years3. for the three years / for the three years4. for a while表示

6、持续一段时间用介词“for”。“for”“段时间”- E典型例题： 1. from 9 oclock to 11 oclock 2. from February to April 3. from 1980 to 1990 4. from then on 从那时候起（用于一般过去时），from now on 从现在起（用于一般将来时），from time to time 时不时地表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词“from to ”- F典型例题： 1. during the week 2. during those three months 3. during my visit 4.

7、during the holidays / meeting 5. during the spring表示“在 的期间”要用介词“during”，during表示在特定的时间里，其后的名词前要用定冠词或者表示特定意义的代词。-G典型例题：1. since 1986 / since 19772. since last summer / since last week / since last month3. since then 从那时以后4. since he came here 自从他来了以后表示“自 以来”，表示从过去某一时刻到现在，用介词“since”。“since”“点时间”，主句常用现

8、在完成时。 巩固练习：1. since 7 oclock2. since last Monday- H典型例题：1. The park is open till 5 p.m.2. He didnt leave the park until 4 p.m.表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止，用介词“till / until”- I表示时间介词的比较 1典型例题：1. The train leaves at 8 oclock, so youd better be there by 7:50. 火车八点钟开，所以你最好八点五十以前赶到那儿。2. He left Shanghai at the end

9、 of last year. 去年年底他离开了上海。（过去式）3. By the end of last year he had finished the work. 到去年年底，他已经完成了工作。at表示事件发生在某一时间点上；by表示事件发生在某一时间点前。at the end of + 时间 / 地点，表示时间时，一般用于一般过去式。by the end of + 时间，表示时间时，一般用于过去完成时。in the end =at last最后- 2典型例题：1. He finished the work three days ago.2. He said he had finished

10、 the work three days before.3. He will finish the work in three days.4. Three days later he finished the work.three days ago表示从今天算起三天前；three days before表示从过去某个时间开始算起的三天前；in three days表示从今天算起的三天以后Three days later表示从过去某个时间开始的三天后；。ago，用于一般过去式；before，用于过去完成时；in用于将来时。巩固练习1. Four days later he came back f

11、rom Beijing.- 3典型例题： 1. before 2 oclock the meeting lunch 1990 before后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之前 National Day 2. after 2 oclock the meeting lunch 1990 after后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之后 National Day 由before和after构成的时间介词短语都不能用于现在完成时。after的习惯用法：after work / after school / after classby表示事件发生在某一时间点前一

12、般用于一般过去式。by the end of + 时间，表示时间时，一般用于过去完成时ago，用于一般过去式；before，用于过去完成时；in用于将来时。before后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之前 National Day after后通常跟表示一点的时间（或特定的时间），表示在某个时间之后 National Day由before和 巩固练习1. after 8 oclock2. after breakfast3. after a while过了一会儿4. the day after tomorrow5. before supper6. before class7

13、. the day before yesterday8. before long不久前-4. 典型例题：one night / this month / that summer / last year / next week / the day before yesterday / the week after next 再下一周由one / this / that / last / next等修饰的表示时间的词组前不需要用介词。- 表示方位的介词 A典型例题： 1. 在树上 in the tree / 在同一个班 in the same class / 在北京 in Beijing 2. 在

14、世界上 in the world / 在河里 in the river / 在城市 in a city3. 在阳光下 in the sun / 在北方 in the north / in China 在中国4. 在第五中学 in No. 5 Middle School5. 在的前部 in the front of 在前面 in front of 6. 在中间/（内部）角落 in the middle /corner of7. 固定用法：住院 in hospital / 在露天 in the open air / 躺着看书read in bed8. 站成行 stand in line / 处于危

15、险中 in danger / 处于麻烦中 in trouble / 惊奇地 in surprise9. 用英语 in English / 穿红色的 in red / 以方式 in way of表示大地方，表示空间、地域或者物体内部应用in，或表示在范围之内。- B典型例题： 1. 在的尽头 at the end of / 在大门口 at the gate / 在第二个十字路口 at the second crossing2. 在公共汽车站 at the bus stop / 在校读书 at school / 在家 at home3. 在医院诊所 at the doctors / 在头部/脚下

16、at the head/ foot of4. at the station / airport / zoo / post office5. at the front door / at the cinema / supermarket / meeting / party / the crossroad6. 固定用法：stay at home / at work / at table 在吃饭表示较小的地方，表示空间的某一点，出入口等，选at- C典型例题： 1. 在墙上 on the wall / 在的另一边 on the other side of / 在左边/右边 on the left/r

17、ight2. 在左/有手边on the left/right hand side / 在火车上 on the train3. 在电视/收音机/电话/网上 on TV/the radio/ the telephone/ the Internet4. 固定用法：访问 on a visit to / 展览 on show5. 在去的路上 on the way to 6. on my head / nose 表示附着在表面上，覆盖等，表示接触的面上、边上、线上，用on。 比较：a hole in the floor / wall There are many apples on the tree. T

18、here are many birds in the tree.- 几组表示位置关系的介词比较 D典型例题：north 1. Japan is in the east of Asia. 2. Japan is to the east of China. 3. Korea is on the northeast of China.westeastDCBAsouth 巩固练习： 1. B is in the east of A. 2. D is to the east of A. 3. C is on the east of A.- 初中英语介词专项练习题1( ) 1 Children get g

19、ifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays.A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on( ) 2 -There is nothing _tomorrow afternoon, is there?-No. We can have a game of table tennis.A. on B. in C. out D. up( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born_March, 1981.A. in B. at C. on D. since( ) 4 Tim suddenly

20、 returned_ a rainy night.A. on B. at C. in D. during( ) 5 My grandfather was born_Oct. 10, 1935.A. on B. in C. at D. of( ) 6 The train is starting_five minutes.A. in B. at C. for D.still( ) 7 Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening.A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on2( ) 1 The population o

21、f the world has grown very fast _ four hundred years.A. for past the B. in the pass C. in the past D. for past( ) 2 We returned to our hometown_.A. next week B. in the last week C. last week D. for a week( ) 3 Great changes have taken place_.A. in the last few year B. in the last few yearsC. last ye

22、ar D. on the last year3( ) 1 Children wake up very early_the morning of Christmas Day.A. in B. on C. for D. at( ) 2 _ a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet.A. In B. On C. At D. For( ) 3 It happened to be very cold_ the morning of our sports meet.A. at B. on C. with D. of( ) 4 Why did you ge

23、t up so early _ this morning.A. on B. / C. at D. in4( ) 1 He went to Shanghai_ September 3, 1991 and came back_ a cold morning last year.A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; ia( ) 2 Lucy was born_ the night of May 12, 1984. . .A. on B. in C. at D. to( ) 3 Mrs Brown came to China _ 1996.A.on B. of C.

24、 to, D. in( ) 4 _ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning_Joe Hill.A. On; to B. In; of . C. On; for , D. At; for( ) 5 Ann moved_Hangzhou_September, 1992.A. /; in i B. to; in C. to; on D, in; in( ) 6 They started off_an autumn afternoon.A. during B. at C.

25、in D. on5( ) 1 He often goes _ school _ six thirty _ the morning.A. for; to; in B. to; at in C. to; for; at D, for; at; to( ) 2 He arrived _ Shanghai _ 9: 30 _ March 5. fA. at; in; at B. to; on; at C. in; on; at D. in; at; on( ) 3 The English teacher told me to get there_ half past ten.A: in B. at C

26、. on D. of( ) 4 The children get up _ 6 oclock.A. at B. on C. during D. in6( ) 1 The doctor worked_ five hours_ a rest.A. for; with B. on; withoutC. about; having D. for; without( ) 2 I worked on the problem _ a long time and I worked it out_myself_ last.A. for; by; at B. in; with; onC. on; by; in D

27、. for; for; at the( ) 3 A new factory will be set up:_ a year. A. for B. in C. after D. on( ) 4 Two years_ he began to write another story-book.A. after B. later ; C. in D. late( ) 5 We will finish the picture a day.A. in B. on C. after D. on( ) 6 The workers had been_ strike_almost a month.A. on; i

28、n B. at; in C. on; for D. on; during( ) 7 Mr Brown had lain _ the ground _ four hours before they finally found him.A. on; for B. at; in C. on; after D. in; during lie-lay-lain7( ) 1 The teacher is coming back_ an hour.A. after B. for C. in D. before( ) 2 She lived in the mountain village_ the years

29、 1940-1950.A. between B. during C. in D. since( ) 3 Miss Wang will come to Beijing_ two days.A. after B. in C. on D. before( ) 4 The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won _ the end.A. by B. at C. in D. on8( )1 Mary had finished her homework_ the time I got home.A. until B. by C.

30、at D. when( ) 2 We stayed at the lab_ our teacher returned.A. till B. by C. during D. while( )3 They didnt leave the station_ they got on the train.A. until B. by C. after y D. at91 Dont worry. He will return_.A. before long B. long before C. long long ago D. long ago2 There lived an old man, fishin

31、g at sea_.A. long before B. before long C. long time ago D. soon3 It was not _ they came back.A. long before B. before long C. long time before D. long after4 I was told that his uncle had gone to France .A. long before -B. shortly after C. before long D. long ago10( ) 1 _ Tom gets up at five in the

32、 morning.A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Some times( ) 2 I remember we met each other_ last year.A. Sometime B. some times C. some time D. sometimes( ) 3 Mary and I have been to the Great Wall,_.A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times( ) 4 He studied English for _ in London, and

33、 then he went to America.A. sometimes B. sometime newB. some time B. some times11( ) 1 I dont like to sit _ Toms right. I would like to sit _ the back row.A. on; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on( ) 2 There is a brook_ red flowers and green grass_ both sides. A. of with B. with; on C. of; at D. with;

34、 in( ) 3 There are many trees _ of the road! And _ of the trees isgrowing larger and larger. .A. on both side; a number B. on each sides; a number C. on both sides; the number D. on every side; the number12( ) 1 The plane is flying _.A. in the sky B. in. the air C. in space D. in sky( ) 2 There is a

35、 sweet smell_.A. in the air B. in the open airC. in the sky D. in the space( ) 3 We held an interesting party_.A. in the air B. in the sky C. in the open air D. in space( ) 4 Seen from_, the earth appears to be a big blue ball.A. the space B. space C. a space D. this space13( ) 1 Tom sits_the classr

36、oom while John sits_the room.A. in front of; at back of B. in the front of; at the back of C. in front of; at the back of D. in the front of; at back of( ) 2 Lucy sits_ the third row, _Jims left.A. on; on B. in; at C. at; in D. in; on( ) 3 Jiangsu is_ the east of China, but Japan is _ the east of Ch

37、ina. A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to D. to; on14( ) 1. -Can I look up a word_ your dictionary?-I havent got_me.A. into; about B. in; with C. at; in D. on; on( ) 2 1 like mooncakes _ meat _ them.A. in; on B. with; on C. in; the D. with; in( ) 3 When you are _ trouble please ask help _ us.A. in; from

38、B. in; for C. on; from D. on; of( ) 4 The shopkeeper said they had sold out the shoes_ your size.A. about B. in C. to D. of( ) 5 I saw him_hurry at the moment.A. in a B. in C. on D. on a15( ) 1 He put up a map _ the back wall because there was a hole _ it.A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at( ) 2

39、 There is a door_ the wall. t a ncA. on B. to C. of D.in( ) 3 This kind of VCD is made_ China. .A. in B. from C. at D. on( ) 4 Any man _ eyes_ his head can see that hes exactly like a rope.A. with; on B. with; in C. on; with D. in; with16( ) 1 There are some birds singing_ the trees.A. in B. on C. a

40、t D. from( ) 2 Dont read _ the sun. Its bad _ your eyes.A. in; to B. under; for C. with; to D. in; on( ) 3 The woman_ a blue dress is my teacher.A. in B. on C. of D. at( ) 4 There are so many apples_ that tree.A. in JB, on C. at , D. from17( ) 1 The boat is passing_ the bridge.A. through B. below C.

41、 under D. across( ) 2 Two planes are flying_ the city.A. through B. over , C. on , D, below( ) 3 We can see a river running to the east_ the hill.A. under B. below C. over D. on( ) 4 Do you see the kite _ the building.A. over B. cross C. on D. above18( ) 1 The United States is _ the south of Canada

42、and _ the east of Japan.A. to; in B.on;to C. in; beside D. at; on( ) 2 My hometown lies_ the city. _ I often go to the city by bike. A. 50 miles in the east; However B. to the east 40 miles of; But C. in the east 45 miles from; But D. 35 miles east of; However( ) 3 The man stood_the window, watching

43、 the boys playing outside. A. in B. by C. with D. to( ) 4 Japan lies_ the east of China.A. on B/ to C. in D. with19( ) 1 Is the street too narrow for the bus to go _?A. through B. across C. on D. in( ) 2 A mother camel was walking _ her son _ the desert.A. without; along B. with; throughC. next to;

44、pass D. beside; through( ) 3 The river runs_ the city.A. across B. through C. over D. from( ) 4 It took us over an hour to walk_ this street.A. from B. through C. over D. across20( ) 1 Uncle Wang arrived_ No. 14 Middle School half an hour ago.A. at B. in C., to D. /( ) 2 Did your friend send you som

45、ething _ the end of last week?A. at B. by C. in D. to( ) 3 The monument_ those heroes stands_the foot of the mountain.A. of; at B. to; on C. for; by D. to; at( ) 4 My uncle lives _ 88 Beijing Street.A. to B. of C. at D. on( ) 5 They are waiting _ a bus _ the bus stop.A. for; in B. on; at C. with; at

46、 D. for; at21( ) 1 Wood is of ten made_paper.A. by B. from C. of D. into( ) 2 _ research _ the universe scientists have put a lot of information _ computers.A. With; over; at B. On; at; toC. In; about; into D. For; with; through( ) 3; When a piece of ice is taken _ a warm room, it gets smaller and s

47、maller until _ the end it disappears completely.A. in; in B. out of; at C. into; in D. to; by( ) 4 A woman fell _ the boat _ the water.A. off; into B. at; belowC. down; under D. away; in22( ) 1 The tables in the restaurant are so close together that theres hardly anyroom to move_them.A. among B. bet

48、weenC. in the middle of D. at the centre of( ) 2 English is widely used for business_ different countries.A. between B. to C. for D. on( ) 3 Is there any difference _ these two sentences?A. for B. in C. among D. between( ) 4 We visited him at his workplace _ the young trees and ask him abouthis work. EA. in B. among C. between D. at( ) 5 There is the difference_ Chinese food and American food.A. from B. at C. between D. by( ) 6 The police station is _ the clothing shop _ the post office.A. between; and B. among; andC. near; of D. on; right( ) 7 He is _ the greatest scienti