非谓语动词-过去分词的用法

1、2021/3/141 The Use Of V - ed 2021/3/142 动词动词-ed形式作形式作 定语定语 动词动词-ed形式作形式作 表语表语 动词动词-ed形式作形式作 补语补语 动词动词-ed形式作形式作 状语状语 2021/3/143 过去分词作过去分词作定语定语,表示分词动作与所表示分词动作与所 修饰的名词之间存在修饰的名词之间存在被动关系被动关系。单一。单一 的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的 名词之前名词之前;过去分词短语作定语放在被过去分词短语作定语放在被 修饰之后修饰之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作过去分词及过去分词短语作 定语均可以转换

2、为一个定语从句。定语均可以转换为一个定语从句。 动词动词-ed形式作定语形式作定语 2021/3/144 及物动词的及物动词的过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 除表示除表示“完成完成” 的动作之外的动作之外, 还表示还表示“被动被动”的意义。如的意义。如: spoken English ;iced beer ;cooked food ; fried chips ; 不及物动词的不及物动词的过去分词常表示过去分词常表示“完成完成”的动作的动作, 而不表示而不表示“被动被动”意义。如意义。如: boiled water; fallen leaves ,the risen sun等。等。 1. The

3、tall man is a returned student 2. My parents are both retired teachers 2021/3/145 The ground is covered by _ (fall) leaves. fallen Past Participle used as attribute 2021/3/146 She is drinking _ (boil) water.boiled She is drinking the water which was boiled. 2021/3/147 动词动词-ed形式作定语时形式作定语时,在意思上在意思上 相当

4、于一个定语从句。相当于一个定语从句。 1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗今晚有什么活动吗? (=that has been planned for tonight) 2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success 这次会议有很多人出席这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。开得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people) 2021/3/148 2021/3/149 Complete the table with phr

5、ases that have the same meaning. terrified people people who are terrified reserved seats seats which are reserved polluted water water that is polluted a crowded room a room that is crowded a pleased winner a winner who is pleased 2021/3/1410 1)Most of the artists to the party were from South Afric

6、a. 2) A.invited B. to invite 3) C.being invited D. had been invited 4)2) The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. 5) A. having written B.to be written 6) C. being written D. written 2021/3/1411 3) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didnt include women

7、players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 4) Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 2021/3/1412 5) Mr. Smith,_ of the speech, started to read a _ novel. A. t

8、ired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring 2021/3/1413 过去分词作过去分词作表语表语, 表示主语的状态表示主语的状态, 且该状态且该状态 通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被 看作一个形容词看作一个形容词, 是形容词化的过去分词。是形容词化的过去分词。 如如: Im interested in reading novels written by Jin Yong. When we heard of it, we were deeply moved He

9、 seemed quite delighted at the idea 动词动词-ed形式作表语形式作表语 2021/3/1414 常见的作表语的过去分词有常见的作表语的过去分词有: amused(愉快的愉快的); broken(碎了的碎了的);closed(关关 闭的闭的); astonished(吃惊的吃惊的);crowded(拥挤拥挤 的的); experienced(有经验的有经验的); delighted(高兴高兴 的的); lost(丢失的丢失的); gone(遗失的遗失的); disappointed(失望失望 的的);worried(担忧的担忧的); interested(感兴

10、趣的感兴趣的) tired(疲劳的疲劳的) pleased(高兴高兴 的的);satisfied(满意的满意的); surprised(吃惊的吃惊的); married(已婚的已婚的); known(著名的著名的) 等等等等 2021/3/1415 作表语的作表语的-ed形式可被形式可被much, very, quite等等 所修饰。所修饰。 I was very pleased at the news 听了这消息我很高兴。听了这消息我很高兴。 He grew much tired of the work 他十分厌倦这工作。他十分厌倦这工作。 He seemed quite delighted

11、 at the idea. 听了这想法他似乎很高兴。听了这想法他似乎很高兴。 2021/3/1416 Past Participle used as predicative The shop is _(close).closed 2021/3/1417 Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ (pay) by the hour.paid 2021/3/1418 There are two glasses which are _ (break). broken There are two broken glasses. 2021/3/1419 ast

12、onished childrenchildren who look astonished a broken vasea vase that is broken a closed doora door that is closed a trapped animalan animal that is trapped the tired audiencethe audience who feel tired Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning. 2021/3/1420 1) As we joined the big c

13、rowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 2) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 2021/3/1421 能用作能用作宾语补足语宾语补足语的过去分词一般都的过去分词一般都 是及物动词是及物动词, ,表示表示“被动被动”或或“完成完成”意意 义义, ,作宾语补足

14、语的过去分词与宾语有逻作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻 辑上的辑上的动宾关系动宾关系。 She found the door broken in when she came back My grandfather had his old house rebuilt 2021/3/1422 (1) (1) 动词动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态形式可作表示感觉和心理状态 的动词的宾语补足语的动词的宾语补足语, ,这类动词包括这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等等。 I have never h

15、eard him spoken ill of by others. 我从未听过有人说他的坏话。我从未听过有人说他的坏话。 She felt a great weight taken off her mind 她觉得心里轻松了些。她觉得心里轻松了些。 They considered the matter settled 他们认为这问题解决了。他们认为这问题解决了。 2021/3/1423 (2) 动词动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补形式可作使役动词的宾语补 足语足语, 这类动词包括这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。等。 I have my ha

16、ir cut once a month 我每个月理一次发。我每个月理一次发。 He was trying to make himself understood 他正努力使别人听懂自己。他正努力使别人听懂自己。 She held her hands pressed against her face. 她用双手按着脸。她用双手按着脸。 2021/3/1424 She had her house repaired 她请人把屋子修好了。她请人把屋子修好了。 Where did you have your hair cut? 你在哪儿理的发你在哪儿理的发? “have+宾语宾语+done”结构有三个含义

17、结构有三个含义: 2021/3/1425 遭遇某种意外情况。遭遇某种意外情况。 He had his hat blown away on his way home 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的钱包被偷了。昨天她的钱包被偷了。 2021/3/1426 完成某事完成某事 ( (自己也可能参与自己也可能参与) )。 I have had all my spelling mistakes I have had all my spelling mistakes correctedcorre

18、cted 我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。 He has had one thousand He has had one thousand yuanyuan saved this saved this yearyear 他今年已存了他今年已存了10001000元。元。 2021/3/1427 (3) 动词动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命形式可作表示希望、要求、命 令等动词的宾语补足语令等动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括这类动词包括 like,want, wish, expect, order等等”这一类这一类 动词的后面作宾语补足语。动词的后面作宾语补足语。 He w

19、ont like such questions discussed at the meeting 他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。 The students wish the TV serial plays continued 学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。 2021/3/1428 (4) 过去分词用在过去分词用在“with+宾语宾语+宾补宾补”这这 一结构中一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关 系。系。 With many brightly colored flowers planted aroun

20、d the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden 周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花, 他的房子看他的房子看 上就像一座漂亮的花园。上就像一座漂亮的花园。 2021/3/1429 2021/3/1430 1) - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 2021/3/1431 2) The missing boy

21、s were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. played 3) The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 2021/3/1432 4) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she

22、had had _ went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired 2021/3/1433 过去分词作过去分词作状语状语可表示时间、地点、可表示时间、地点、 原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。过去过去 分词状语相当于状语从句分词状语相当于状语从句, 若过去分词作若过去分词作 状语状语,句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构 成成动宾关系动宾关系, 即是该分词动作的承受者。即是该分词动作的承受者。 2021/3/1434 China Pavilion When

23、 China Pavilion is seen from the distance, it looks like a Chinese crown(皇冠皇冠). When seen from the distance, China Pavilion looks like a Chinese crown. 2021/3/1435 Footprints 东方足迹东方足迹 Because the trees were decorated with colorful lights, they made an excellent impression on us. Because decorated wi

24、th colorful lights, the trees made an excellent impression on us 2021/3/1436 If we are given a chance to go on a trip by railcar, called “tour of wisdom”, we should treasure it. The Dialogue 寻觅之旅寻觅之旅 If given a chance to go on a trip by railcar, called “tour of wisdom”, we should treasure it. 2021/3

25、/1437 We entered Section 3 low carbon exhibition, as we were followed by a group of beautiful girl models. The Vision 低碳行动低碳行动 Followed by a group of beautiful girl models, We entered Section 3 low carbon exhibition. 2021/3/1438 What we felt after the trip Though we were exhausted, we spent a meanin

26、gful and unforgettable time in it. Though exhausted, we spent a meaningful and unforgettable time in it. 2021/3/1439 1._ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. 2. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 2. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. A. giving B. give C.

27、 given D. being given 2021/3/1440 3. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 4. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 2021/3/

28、1441 5. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 6. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 2021/3/1442 7._for his expert advice, Holmes w

29、as able to help a great number of people with their personal affairs. A. He was known B. Well known C. Having known D. Been known 2021/3/1443 现在分词与过去分词的区别现在分词与过去分词的区别: : 在定语中在定语中 现在分词作定语常表示现在分词作定语常表示“主动主动”和和 “进行进行”, ,过去分词则常表示过去分词则常表示 “ “被动被动” 和和“完成完成”; ;被修饰的名词一般是现在分被修饰的名词一般是现在分 词的逻辑主语词的逻辑主语, ,是过去分词的

30、逻辑宾语。是过去分词的逻辑宾语。 I know the man standing there. 主动主动 Is there anything planned for tonight? 被动被动 2021/3/1444 现在分词现在分词: : 表示正在进行的动作表示正在进行的动作 过去分词过去分词: : 表示完成的意思表示完成的意思 the rising sun 正在升起的太阳正在升起的太阳 the risen sun 已经升起的太阳已经升起的太阳 the falling leaves 正在落下的叶子正在落下的叶子 the fallen leaves 落叶（已经完成落叶（已经完成） boilin

31、g water 沸腾的水沸腾的水 boiled water 开水开水 2021/3/1445 过去分词和过去分词和V-ing形式都可以看做一个形形式都可以看做一个形 容词容词,但是但是: 表主动的表主动的, 进行的进行的, -含有含有“令人令人”之意之意 表被动的表被动的, 完成的完成的, -含有含有“感到感到”之意之意 V-ing形式形式 过去分词过去分词 在表语中在表语中 2021/3/1446 At the sight of the _ scene, all the people present were _ to tears. 看到这么动人的情景看到这么动人的情景, 所有所有 在场的人

32、都感动得流下了眼泪。在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。 mov e moved moving 2021/3/1447 We get _ when we see this _ picture. excited exciting excite 2021/3/1448 amusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; astonishing, astonished

33、等。等。 英语中这样的分词还有很多英语中这样的分词还有很多, 如如: 2021/3/1449 注意注意: 作表语的过去分词表示作表语的过去分词表示状态状态, 构成被动语态的过去分词表示构成被动语态的过去分词表示动作动作: The book is well written. (表语表语) The book was written by a soldier. (被动语态被动语态) 2021/3/1450 在在 宾语补足语中宾语补足语中 现在分词作补足语现在分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或被补足的宾语或 主语是它的逻辑主语主语是它的逻辑主语(即主动关系即主动关系);过去过去 分词作补足语分词作补足语,被

34、补足的宾语或主语是被补足的宾语或主语是 它的逻辑宾语它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系即被动关系)。 如如: I heard someone calling me. I heard my name called. 我听见有人喊我。我听见有人喊我。 2021/3/1451 在状语中在状语中 过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别 在于在于: 过去分词与句子主语构成过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系动宾关系, 而而 现在分词与句子主语构成现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系主谓关系。 Seeing from the top of the hill , we find the city

35、 beautiful . Seen from the top of the hill , the city is very beautiful . 2021/3/1452 2021/3/1453 1. _ (污染的污染的)air and water are harmful to peoples health. 2. The problem _ (在会议在会议 上讨论的上讨论的) yesterday was very difficult to solve. Polluted discussed at the meeting 完成句子。完成句子。 2021/3/1454 3. He became

36、_ (兴奋兴奋) when he heard he had won the first place in the competition. 4. I am _ (感兴趣感兴趣) in the story. 5. I havent got the film _ (冲冲 洗洗)yet. 6. Do you know the man _ (站站) beside the door? excited interested developed standing 2021/3/1455 7. John Snow told the story about the _ (astonish) people in

37、Broad Street. 8. Some of the people _ (invite) to the party couldnt come. 9. There is a car _ (park) outside the house. astonishe d invited parked 2021/3/1456 10. The experience _ (gain) will be of great value to us. 11. These seats are _ (reserve) for you. 12. The library is _ (close) on weekends.

38、13. Dont drink the _ (pollute) water. 14. The _ (worry) mother looked at her_ (worry) son, looking _(worry). gaine d reserve d close d polluted worrie d worrying worrie d 2021/3/1457 2021/3/1458 2021/3/1459 2021/3/1460 2021/3/1461 9. From the dates _ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made fiv

39、e hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked 10. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry 2021/3/1462 11. With _ leaves _ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer

40、 and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried 12. Friendship is like money easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. to keeping D. being kept 2021/3/1463 13. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known

41、B. having been known C. to be known D. known 14. John rushed out in a hurry, _ the door _. A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocking D. to leave; unlocking 2021/3/1464 15. The girl _ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look B. referred to looking C. referred to loo

42、ks D. referring to looks 16. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 2021/3/1465 2021/3/1466 19. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home_. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exha

43、usted D. having exhausted 20. He tried to _ in Japanese. A. understand himself B. make himself understanding C. make himself understood D. make to understand 2021/3/1467 21.He glanced over at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. having noted B. noted 22. C. to note

44、D. noting 22. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 2021/3/1468 23. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 24. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 2021/3/1469 25. _ time, hell make a first class tennis player. A. Having giv