变否定句规则

1、变否定句规则一、一般现在时变否定句的规则 .(a) 含有 am is are 的句子 , 变否定句时 , 只需在am is are 后加 not.例 1 This is a book.否定句This is not a book .例 2 I am a teacher .否定句 I amnot a teacher .例3 These are pens .否定 句 Theseare not pens .(b) 含有实义动词的句子，变否定句分两步。(1)如果主语是第三人称单数时，要在实义动词前加 doesnt, 后面的动词用原形。例 1 He eats an apple.否定句 Hedoesnt e

2、at an apple.例2 Jim does his homework.否定句 Jimdoesnt do his homework.例 3 Marry goes to school.否定 句 Marrydoesnt go to school.(2) 如果主语不是第三人称单数时，只需在实义动词前加 dont.例 1 I teach English.否 定 句 I dontteach English.例 2 They go to school. 否定句 They dont go to school.例3 Wesing a song. 否定句 Wedont sing a song.(c) 含有情态

3、动词的句子 , 变否定句时 , 只需在情态动词后加 not. 例 1 I can dance.否定句 I can notdance.或 I cant dance.例 2 They can speak English. 否定句 They can not speak English. 或 They cant speak English.例 3 He must go home. 否定句 He must not go home. 或 He mustnt go home.例4 He must be on the playground.He can not be on the playground.析：当

4、 must be 用来表示推 测，有“一定”的含义时，否定式要用 can not.例 5You must say something at the mecting. You neednt say anything at the mecting.析：当“ must+行为动词”用来表示 “必须”的含义时，其 否 定 式 可用 neednt 或 mustnt 表示“不需要”，“不必”，精选语气委婉， must not 表示“禁止”千万别”语气生硬时，books.例 3 He does his home work.否定句 He doesnt do his home work.(2) 见到 and 变否

5、定句时 , 要换成 or.例 1 There is some air andwater on the moon.否定句 There isnt any air or water on themoon.例6 You may come in now.You mustnt come in now.析： may 作为情态动词表示“可以”其否定式用 must not, 而不用 may not. 例 7 He may watch TV .He mustnt watch TV.、，I 、+ :注意:(1) 见到 some 变否定句时 , 要换成 any.例 1 I eat some apples.否定句 I

6、dont eat any apples.例 2 He has some books.否 定 句 He doesnt have any例 2 He has some brothers and sisters.否定句 He hasnt any brothers or sisters.例 3 He eats apples and oranges.否定句 He doesnt eat apples or oranges.(3) 见到 too 和 also 变否定句时 , 要换成 either.例 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesnt go to school

7、either.too 和 also 用于肯定句中时，否定句中用 either 替换4)见到 already 变否定句时 , 要换成 yet例 1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had supper yet.随着对谓语动词的否定，某些副词也要作相应的变动。 英语句型转换错误分析：肯定句变否定句1. I think she is there.误：I think she isn t there.正：I don t think she is there.析：英语中 think, believe, expect, suppose 等表示信念和揣测的动词， 后接

8、that 从句时，习惯上将从句中的否定形式转移到主句上， 即否定主句谓语，不否定从句谓语。2. He can sing this song and that one.误：He can not sing this song and that one.正；He can not sing this song or that one.析：肯定句中的连词 and 在否定句中一般要改为 or 。3. Tom went to school too.误：Tom didn t go to school too.正：Tom didn t go to school either.析：too 和 also 用于肯定句

9、中时，否定句中用 either 替换。4. He has had supper already.误：He hasnt had supper alre ady.正：He hasnt had supper yet.析：随着对谓语动词的否定，某些副词也要作相应的变动。5. He had a good rest just now.误：He hadnt a good rest just now.正：He didn t have a good rest just now.析：have 在表示开会、吃饭、休息、进行体育锻炼等词组中是行为动词， 否定句用助动词来完成。6. Le t s do it.误：Let

10、s dont do it.正：Dont let s do it. 或 Lets not do it.析： let 后接的是不带 to 的不定式，变为否定式，直接在句首前加Don t或在不定式前加not。7. He always gets there on time.误： He doesnt always get there on time.正：He never gets there on time.析： He doesnt always get there on time意为“他并非老是准时到那儿”，是部分否定， 习惯上把句中的副词改为相应的表示否定的副词即可。如：It often rains

11、 here. It seldom rains here.8. Be here early tomorrow.误： Be not here early tomorrow. 正： Dont be here early tomorrow.析：祈使句的否定，一般在谓语动词前加 do not 的缩写 dont。9. You had better come.误： You didn t have better come.正： You had better not come.析： had better 相当于一情态动词，不可分割， 因此 not 应放在其后。 would rather 也是如此。10. Bot

12、h Tom and Xiao Ping went to school.误： Both Tom and Xiao Ping didnt go to school.正： Neither Tom nor Xiao Ping went to school.析：一个句子中如果有不定代词 both ，all, every 改为否定式时， 要把这些不定代词改为相应的表示否定的代词。二 一般过去时变否定句规则(a) 含有 was were 的句子, 变否定句时 , 只需在 was were 后加 not. 例 1 This was a book.否 定 句 This was not a book . 或 Th

13、is wasnt a book .例 2 I was a teacher .否定句 I was not a teacher . 或 I wasnt a teacher . 例 3 These were pens .否定句 These were not pens . 或 These werent pens(b) 含有实义动词过去式的句子，变否定句时， 只需在实义动词过去式前加 didnt ，后面的动词用原形。 例 1 He ate an apple.否定句 He didnt eat an apple.例 2 Jim did his homework.否定句 Jim didnt do his ho

14、mework.例 3 Marry went to school.否定句 Marry didnt go to school.(c) 含有情态动词过去式的句子 , 变否定句时 , 只需在情态动词过去式后加 not.(can could,may might ,need need ,must must)例 1 I could dance.否定句 I could not dance.或 I couldn t dance.例 2 They could speak English.否定句 They could not speak English.或 They couldn t speak English.例

15、 3 He could swim,so can I.He could swim,neither(nor)can I析：在“陈述句+so+助(系情态)动词+主语”结构中， 若改为否定句，除陈述部分加副词 not 外，还需将 so 改为 neither 或 nor 。 例 4 He must go home.否定句 He must not go home.或 He mustnt go home.例 5 He must be on the playground.He could not be on the playground.析：当 must be 用来表示推测，有“一定”的含义时， 否定式要用

16、can not. 例 6 You must say something at the mecting.You neednt say anything at the mecting.析：当“ must+行为动词”用来表示“必须”的含义时，其否定式可用 neednt 或 mustnt 表示“不需要”，“不必”， 语气委婉， must not 表示“禁止”，“千万别”语气生硬。例 7 You might come in now.You mustnt come in now.析： may 作为情态动词表示“可以”时， 其否定式用 must not, 而不用may not.例 8 He might wa

17、tch TV .He mustnt watch TV.、，I 、+ :注意:(1) 见到 some 变否定句时 , 要换成 any.(2) 见到 and 变否定句时 , 要换成 or.(3) 见到 too 和 also 变否定句时 , 要换成 either.例 1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either.换。too 和 also 用于肯定句中时， 否定句中用 either 替4)见到 already 变否定句时 , 要换成 yet 。例 1 He has had supper already.He hasnt ha

18、d supper yet. 现在进行时变否定句规则1 规则：现在进行时变否定句时，只需在 beam is are 后加 not . 例 1 I am watching TV .否定句 I am not watching TV .或 I m notwatching TV例 2 They are playing basketball .否定句 They are not playing basketball或 They arentplaying basketball .2 注意 :(1) 见到 some 变否定句时 , 要换成 any.例 1 I am eating some apples.否定句

19、I amnot eating any apples. not eating any apples.例 2 They are singsing some songs .否定句 They are not singsing any songs . arent singsing any songs .(2) 见到 and 变否定句时 , 要换成 or.例 1 I am eating apples and oranges .否定句 I am not eating apples or oranges . not eating or apples.(3) 见到 too 和 also 变否定句时 , 要换成

20、either.例 1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either.too 和 also 用于肯定句中时，否定句中用 either 替换。(4) 见到 already 变否定句时 , 要换成 yet 。例 1 He has had supper already.He hasn t had supper yet.四 . 过去进行时变否定句规则过去进行时变否定句时，只需在 bewas were 后加 not .例 1 I was watching TV .否定句 I was not watching TV .例 2 They

21、 were playing basketball .否定句 They were not playing basketball werent playing basketball .注意： (1) 见到 some 变否定句时 , 要换成 any.例 1 I was eating some apples.或 They或 They否定句 I was not eating any apples.例 2 They were singsing some songs . 否定句 They were not singsing any songs . 或 They werent singsing any son

22、gs .(2) 见到 and 变否定句时 , 要换成 or. 例 1 I was eating apples and oranges .否定句 I was not eating apples or oranges . 或 I wasn t eating apples or oranges.例 2 He was speaking English and French. 否定句 Hewasnot speaking English or French. 或 Hewasn t speaking English or French.(3) 见到 too 和 also 变否定句时 , 要换成 either

23、.例 1. Tom goes to school too. 否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either. too 和 also 用于肯定句中时，否定句中用 either 替换。(4) 见到 already 变否定句时 , 要换成 yet 。例 1 He has had supper already.He hasnt had supper yet.五 一般将来时变否定句规则(a) 含有 will shall的句子 , 变否定句时 , 只需在 will shall后加 not .例 1 He will listen to me .否定句 He will not liste

24、n to me .或 He wontlisten to me .例 2 I shall study English tomorrow . 否定句 I shall not study English tomorrow .(b) 在 be going to 结构中 , 变否定句时 , 只需在 be 后加 not .例 1 It is going to rain. 要下雨了。否定句 It is not going to rain. 或 It isnt going to rain.例 2 We are going to have a meeting today.今天我们开会。精选否定句 We are

25、not going to have a meeting today. 或 We arent going tohave a meeting today .例 3 Im going to be a teacher .否定句 Im not going to be a teacher .、，I 、+ :注意 :(1) 见到 some 变否定句时 , 要换成 any. 例 1 I shall eat some apples .变否定 I shall not eat any apples . 或 I shant eat any apples .例 2 He will drink some water .

26、变否定 He will not drink any water .或 He wont drink any water .(2) 见到 and 变否定句时 , 要换成 or. 例 1 Weshall eat someapples and oranges .否定句 We shall not eat any apples or oranges .或 We shant eat any apples or oranges .例 2 They are going to study English and Maths nest year .否定句 They are not going to study En

27、glish or Maths nest year .或 They arent going to study English or Maths nest year .(3) 见到 too 和 also 变否定句时 , 要换成 either.例 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either.too 和 also 用于肯定句中时， 否定句中用 either 替换。( 4)见到 already 变否定句时 , 要换成 yet 。精选例1 He has had supper already. He hasnt had suppe

28、r yet.六 过去将来时变否定句规则（a） 含有 would should 的句子， 变否定句时， 只需在 would should 后 加 not 。例 1 He would listen to me .否定句 He would not listen to me .或 He wouldnt listen to me .例 2 I should study English .否 定 句 I should not study English .或 I shouldnt study English . （ b） 在 was were going to 结构中 ，变否定句时 ，只需在 was we

29、re 后加 not 。 例 1 It was going to rain .否定句 It was not going to rain . 或 It wasnt going to rain .例 2 They were going to Shanghai .否 定 句 They were not going to Shanghai .或 They werent going to Shanghai .a 见到 some 变否定句时 , 要换成 any.例 1 I should eat some apples .变否定 I should not eat any apples . 或 I should

30、nt eat any apples .例 2 He would drink some water .变否定 He would not drink any water . 或 He wouldnt drink any water .b 见到 and 变否定句时 , 要换成 or.例 1 We should eat some apples and oranges .否定句 We should not eat any apples or oranges .或 We shouldnt eat any apples or oranges .例 2 They were going to study Eng

31、lish and Maths nest year .否定句 They were not going to study English or Maths nest year .或 They werent going to study English or Maths nest year .c 见到 too 和 also 变否定句时 , 要换成 either.例 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either.too 和 also 用于肯定句中时，否定句中用 either 替换。 d 见到 already 变否定句时 , 要

32、换成 yet 。例 1 He has had supper already.He hasnt had supper yet.七 现在完成时变否定句规则现在完成时变否定句时 , 只需在 have 或 has 后加 not.例 1 I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成了我的作业 . 否定句I have not already finished my homework. 或 I havent finished my homework yet. 我已经完成了我的作业 .(1) 肯定句中有 some, already 时， 改为否定句或疑问句时通常要分别改

33、为 any, yet例 1： I have read some English books before. 否定句： I have not read any English books before.(2) 见到 and 变否定句时 , 要换成 or. 如：例 1： He has eatten some apples and eggs .否定句 He has not eatten apples or oreggs .(3) 见到 too 和 also 变否定句时 , 要换成 either.例 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesnt go to scho

34、ol either.too 和 also 用于肯定句中时，否定句中用 either 替换。 ( 4)见到 already 变否定句时 , 要换成 yet 。例 1 He has had supper already.He hasnt had supper yet.八 过去完成时变否定句规则 过去完成时变否定句时 , 只需在 had 后加 not.例 1 I had already finished my homework.我已经完成了我的作业 . 否定句 I had not already finished my homework.或 I hadntfinished my homework y

35、et.我已经完成了我的作业 .(1) 肯定句中有 some, already 时， 改为否定句或疑问句时通常要分别改为 any, yet 。例 1： I had read some English books before. 否定句： I had not read any English books before.(2) 见到 and 变否定句时 , 要换成 or. 如：例 1： He had eatten some apples and eggs .否定句 H had not eatten apples or oreggs .(3) 见到 too 和 also 变否定句时 , 要换成 eit

36、her.例 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesnt go to school either.too 和 also 用于肯定句中时，否定句中用 either 替换。( 4)见到 already 变否定句时 , 要换成 yet 。例 1 He has had supper already.He hasnt had supper y et.一般现在时精炼一 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I am a boy.例 2 You are a girl.例 3 He is a teacher.例 4 Jim is English.例 5 These are bikes

37、.例 6 Those are maps.例 7 They are buses.例 8 We are Chinese.二 将下列句子变否定句。例1 I m a boy.例 2 You re a girl.例 3 He s a teacher.例 4 It s a pen.例 5 These are some bikes.例 6 Those are maps and pencils.例 7 They re some buses and cars.例 8 She is your teacher.将下列句子变疑问句 例 1 I am a boy.例 2 You are a girl.例 3 He is

38、 my teacher.例 4 Jim is our English.例 5 These are some bikes.例 6 Those are my maps.例 7 They are some buses. 例 8 We are Chinese.四 将下列句子变成疑问句。 例1 I m a boy. 例 2 You re a girl.例 3 He s my teacher.例 4 It s a pen.例 5 These are some bikes.例 6 Those are maps and pencils.例 7 They re some buses and cars.例 8 S

39、he is your teacher.五 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I teach English.例 2 They go to school.例 3 We sing a song. 例 4 He spells it.例 5 She goes to school.例 6 He does his homework.例 7 They do their homework. 例 8 I do my homework.六 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 He teaches my English.例 2 They speak English and French. 例 3 We eat some appl

40、es.例 4 Jim spells it.例 5 She goes to our school.例 6 He does some homework.例 7 They do their homework.例 8 We do some homework.七 将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 I teach English.例 2 They go to school.例 3 We sing a song.例 4 He spells it.例 5 She goes to school.例 6 He does his homework.例 7 They does their homework.例 8 I do

41、 my homework.八 将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 He teaches my English.例 2 They speak English and French.例 3 We eat some apples.例 4 Jim spells it.例 5 She goes to our school.例 6 He does some homework.例 7 They do their homework.例 8 We do some homework.九 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I can dance.例 2 They can speak English.例 3He must go h

42、ome.例 4 He must be on the playground.例 5 You must say something at the mecting.now.例 6 You may come in 例 7 He may watch TV .例 8 We need speak English.十 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I can dance and sing.例 2 They can speak some English.例 3You must go home.例 4 They must be on the playground.例 5He must say something a

43、t the mecting.例 6 Jim may come in now.例 7 They may watch TV .例 8 We need speak English and English.十一 将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 I can dance.例 2 They can speak English.例 3He must go home.例 4 He must be on the playground.例 5 You must say something at the mecting.例 6 You may come in now.例 7 He may watch TV .例 8 We

44、 need speak English.十二 将下列句子疑问定句。例 1 I can dance and sing.例 2 They can speak some English.例 3You must go home.例 4 They must be on the playground.例 5He must say something at the mecting.例 6 You may come in now.例 7 They may watch TV .例 8 We need speak English and English.十三 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。1 go2speak4

45、like5teach6 Be7 arehave10 do十四 将下列名词变成复数1 apple pencil6 deskknife1manperson5people6fishfoot10 tooth十五 将下列名词变成复数十六 写出人称代词主格2 orange3 map7 dog8 tomato2woman7sheepspell38study94 pen59 photo103child48 deer9十七 写出人称代词宾格。十八 写出形容词性物主代词。十九 肯定回答和否定回答。1 Is this your book ?2 Are you a teacher ?3 Is there any wa

46、ter in the cup ?4 Are there any books or pens on the desk?5 Does he do his homework ?6 Does Jim go to school ?7 Do you like your English teacher ?8 Do they study English ?9 Can you dance ?10 May he go home ?11Must you come in time.12 Need I finish the work today?13 Do you study English ?14 Do they s

47、peak English ？ 二十 写出一般现在时的四种构成。1234般现在时精炼答案将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I am not a boy.或 I m not a boy.精选例 2 You are not a girl.例 3 He is not a teacher.例 4 Jim is not English. 例 5 These are not bikes.例 6 Those are not maps. 例 7 They are not buses.或 You aren t a girl.或 He isn t a teacher 或 Jim isn t English 或 These

48、 aren t bikes. 或 Those aren t maps 或 They ar en t buses.例 8 We are not Chinese. 或 We aren t Chinese二 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I m not a boy.例 2 You re not a girl.或 You aren t a girl.例 3 He s a teacher. 或 He isn t a teacher.例 4 It s not a pen. 或 It isn t a pen.例 5 These are not any bikes.或 These aren t any bike

49、s.例 6 Those are not maps or pencils.或 Those aren t maps or pencils.例 7 They re not any buses or cars.或 Theyaren t any buses or cars.例 8 She is not your teacher.三 将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 Are you a boy ？例 2Are you a girl ？例 3 Is he your teacher？例 4 Is Jim your English ？例 5 Are these any bikes ？例 6 Are those you

50、r maps ？例 7 Are they any buses. ？例 8 Are you Chinese ？四 将下列句子变成疑问句。例 1 Are you a boy ？例 2 Are you a girl ？例 3 Is he your teacher ？例 4 Is it a pen.？例 5 Are these any bikes ？例 6 Are those maps or pencils ？例 7 Are they any buses or cars ？例 8 Is she your teacher ？五 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I don t teach English.例

51、2 They don t go to school.例 3 We don t sing a song.例 4 He doesn t spell it.例 5 She doesn t go to school.例 6 He doesn t do his hom ework.例 7 They don t do their homework.例 8 I don t do my homework.六 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 He doesn t teach my English.例 2 They don t speak English or French.例 3 We don t eat any

52、apples.例 4 Jim doesn t spel l it.例 5 She doesn t go to our school.例 6 He doesn t do any homework.例 7 They don t do their homework.例 8 We don t do any homework.七 将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 Do you teach English ？例 2Do they go to school ？例 3 Do you sing a song ？例 4 Does he spell it ？例 5 Does she go to school ？例 6 D

53、oes he do his homework ？例 7 Do they do their homework. ？例 8Do you do your homework ？八 将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 Does he teach your English ？例 2 Do they speak English or French？例 3 Do you eat any apples ？例 4 Does Jim spell it ？例 5 Does she go to your school？例 6 Does he do any homework ？例 7 Do they do their homew

54、ork.？例 8 Do you do any homework ？九 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I can not dance.或 I can t dance.例 2 They can not speak English.或 They can t speak English例 3 He must not go home.或 He mustnt go home.例 4 He can not be onthe playground.例 5 You must not say something at the mecting.或 You needn t say anything at the mecting例 6 You mustnt come in now.例 7 He mustnt watch TV .例 8 We need not speak English.十 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I can t dance or sing.或 I can not dance or sing.例 2 They can t speak any English.或 They can not speak any