Automobile Basics

1、Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automotive Engineering English Qu.1：Whats the main parts of an automobile? Body Brake Engine Suspension Steering Power train Electrical system Chassis Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automotive Engineering English (1) Todays average car contains more than 15,000 separate, ind

2、ividual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body, engine, chassis and electrical equipment 。 当今的车辆一般都由当今的车辆一般都由1500015000多个分散、独立且相互多个分散、独立且相互 配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分为四类：配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分为四类： 车身车身、发动机发动机、底盘底盘和和电气设备电气设备。 Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automotiv

3、e Engineering English (2) The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. 车身的设计要保证乘客安全舒适。车身的款车身的设计要保证乘客安全舒适。车身的款 式使得汽车看起来漂亮迷人、色彩斑斓、时式使得汽车看起来漂亮迷人、色彩斑斓、时 尚前卫。尚前卫。 Body Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automo

4、tive Engineering English Qu.2:How many kinds of vehicle according to body styling? Sedan 美美 = saloon 轿车轿车 Coupe （单排座）双门小汽车（单排座）双门小汽车 Hatchback 有仓门式后背的汽车有仓门式后背的汽车 Wagon 四轮马车四轮马车, 货车货车 Station Wagon 旅行车旅行车 Van 大篷车，运货车大篷车，运货车 Goods Carrying Vehicle 运货车运货车 Pick-up Utility 皮卡皮卡 Convertible 敞篷车敞篷车 Roadste

5、r 跑车跑车 Racing car 赛车赛车 Trailer 拖车拖车 Tipper 自卸车自卸车 Truck 卡车卡车 Jeep 吉普车吉普车 Bus 公共汽车公共汽车 Coach 长途客车长途客车 Taxi 出租车出租车 Tractorprime mover 美美 牵引车牵引车 Cross country vehicle 越野车越野车 SUV Sports Utility Vehicle 运动型多用途车运动型多用途车 MPVMulti Purpose Vehicle 多用途车多用途车 RV Recreation Vehicle 休闲车休闲车 Automobile 汽车；机动车汽车；机动车

6、Vehicle 车辆；运载工具车辆；运载工具 Car 汽车；小汽车；车辆汽车；小汽车；车辆 Motor 机动车，尤指汽车机动车，尤指汽车 Auto 口语口语 汽车汽车 Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automotive Engineering English Engine Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automotive Engineering English Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas

7、inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission . 内燃机是最常见的，其动力来自气缸里液体燃料内燃机是最常见的，其动力来自气缸里液体燃料 的燃烧。发动机有的燃烧。发动机有汽油机汽油机和和柴油机柴油机两种，都称为两种，都称为 热机。燃料燃烧产生热量，使得气缸内气体压力热机。燃料燃烧产生热量，使得气缸内气体压力 升高，从而提供动力，带动连接变速器的轴旋转升高，从而提供动力，带动连接变速器的轴旋转. (3)The internal

8、 combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline and diesel . Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automotive Engineering English Chassis nPower train system: conveying the drive to the wheels. Clutch ( (离合器

9、离合器) ) Transmission（变速器）（变速器） Drive shaft（传动轴）（传动轴） Final drive（主减速器或后桥）（主减速器或后桥） Differential gear（差速器）（差速器） Driving axles（驱动轴）（驱动轴） nSteering system: controlling the direction of moment. nSuspension system: absorbing the road shocks. nBraking system: slowing down the vehicle. Chapter 1 Automotive

10、Basics Automotive Engineering English (4) The purpose of the complete suspension system is to isolate the vehicle body from road shocks and vibrations, which will otherwise be transferred to the passengers and load. It must also keep the tires in contact with the road regardless of road surface. 整个悬

11、架系统的作用是隔离来自路整个悬架系统的作用是隔离来自路 面的冲击和振动对车身的影响面的冲击和振动对车身的影响,防防 止它们传递给乘客和货物。另外不止它们传递给乘客和货物。另外不 论路面如何论路面如何,悬架系统都应该保持悬架系统都应该保持 轮胎和路面的接触。轮胎和路面的接触。 Suspension Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automotive Engineering English (5) Drum brakes have a drum attached to the wheel hub, and braking occurs by means of brake

12、shoes expanding against the inside of the drum. With disc brakes, a disc attached to the wheel hub is clenched between two brake pads. 在在鼓式制动器鼓式制动器上，制动鼓和轮毂连接，上，制动鼓和轮毂连接，通过通过制动制动 蹄张开压紧制动鼓内侧从而产生制动。在蹄张开压紧制动鼓内侧从而产生制动。在盘式制盘式制 动器动器上，连着轮毂的制动盘，被紧紧夹在两个制上，连着轮毂的制动盘，被紧紧夹在两个制 动块之间。动块之间。 Braking Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automotive Engineering English Drum brakes 鼓式制动器鼓式制动器Disc brakes 盘式制动器盘式制动器 Chapter 1 Automotive Basics Automotive Engineering English (6) The electrical system supplies electricity fo