高中英语语法名词性从句

1、2021/3/131 2021/3/132 2021/3/133 名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词: : 2021/3/134 His job is important. What he does is important. This is his job. This is what he does every day. 2021/3/135 2021/3/136 2021/3/137 1 That he will succeed is certain . 2 Whether he will go there is not known . 3 What he said is not tru

2、e . 4 Where he hid the money is to be found out . 5 Whoever comes is welcome. 6 How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting. 7 When theyll start the project has not been decided yet. 2021/3/138 I dont like his job. I dont like what he does every day. I dont know about the man, Mr. Whi

3、te. I dont know that he is a teacher. 2021/3/139 2021/3/1310 2021/3/1311 宾语宾语从句从句在句中充当宾语成分（在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语动词、介可以作谓语动词、介 词、）词、） They know that the habit will kill them. It all depends on whether they will support us . He asked how much I paid for the violin. He made it clear to the public that he di

4、d an important and necessary job . I find it necessary that we should do the homework. Tell the function of the following clauses 2021/3/1312 在在主主+谓谓+it(形式宾语形式宾语)+宾补宾补+that从句从句(真正真正 宾语宾语) 的句型中的句型中不省略不省略 We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由连词由连词and连接的两个由连接的两个由that引导引导 的宾语从句中的宾语从句中,第二个第二个

5、that 不省略不省略. He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time. 2021/3/1313 表语从句表语从句: :在句中充当表语成分在句中充当表语成分, ,一般放在连系动词之一般放在连系动词之 后后. . 对主语进行解释说明。对主语进行解释说明。 2021/3/1314 2021/3/1315 2021/3/1316 1) The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people . 2) Word came that N

6、apoleon was coming to inspect them . 3) Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness. 2021/3/1317 1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot. 2.The Queen of England was on a three

7、-day visit in China./ We heard the news last night. _ _ _ The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot. _ _ _ We heard the news last night that the Queen of England was on a three-day visit in China. 2021/3/1318 4.Time travel is possible./ There is no

8、scientific proof for the idea. 5.Chinese students should be given more free time./ The suggestion is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school. 3.Teenagers should not spend too much time online./ Many British parents hold the view._ Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt

9、 spend too much time online. _ _ There is no scientific proof for the idea that time travel is possible. _ _ The suggestion that Chinese students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people, especially kids in school. 2021/3/1319 1._ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A.

10、 That B. What C. Why D. If 2. I wonder _ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 3. This is _ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether 4. We all know the truth _ the earth _ around the sun. A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; mov

11、e 主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句 表语从句表语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 2021/3/1320 At lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. What surprised me most was that the old man couldnt see anything. The fact tha

12、t Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity. Predictive Clause (表语从句表语从句) Object Clause (宾语从句宾语从句) Subject Clause (主语从句主语从句) Appositive Clause 同位语从句同位语从句 Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them 2021/3/1321 “It” “It” is used asis used as empty subjectempty subject形式

13、形式 主语主语 为避免主语冗长为避免主语冗长, ,句子头重脚轻句子头重脚轻, ,经常用经常用it it作作 形式主语形式主语, ,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. . 1.It is certain that he will succeed. 2.It is not known whether he will go there. 3.It has not been decided yet when theyll start the project. 4.It worries her a bit that her hair was turning grey. 2021/

14、3/1322 Its likely/possible/important/necessary/clear that 很可能很可能/重要的是重要的是/必要的是必要的是/很清楚很清楚 Its said/ reported that据说据说/据报道据报道 It seems/appears/happens that显然、明显、显然、明显、 碰巧碰巧. Its been announced/declared that 已经通知已经通知/宣布宣布 Its no wonder that并不奇怪并不奇怪/无疑无疑 Its a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知）众所周知

15、） / a common saying（俗话说）俗话说）that 2021/3/1323 分析下列宾语从句中的连词分析下列宾语从句中的连词 1. I dont doubt （that ）you will succeed. 2. I dont know whether/if he will come tonight. 3. I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise. 3 3个句子中的连词个句子中的连词that, whether, if that, whether, if （是否）在名词性是否）在名词性 从句中只起连接作用从句中只起连接作用, ,

16、在句中不担任成分在句中不担任成分, ,被称为被称为连接词连接词 注意注意:A. that :A. that 本身无意义本身无意义, ,在宾语从句中可以省略在宾语从句中可以省略, ,但在但在 别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略。别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略。 B. whether B. whether 和和ifif 有是否的意义有是否的意义, ,在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但 whether whether 可以用于所有的四种名词性从句可以用于所有的四种名词性从句, ,而而if if 仅可以用仅可以用 于宾语从句。于宾语从句。 2021/3/1324 一、名词性从

17、句的语序一、名词性从句的语序 （1） 名词性从句构成有两种名词性从句构成有两种 a. That + 陈述句陈述句 That light travels in straight lines is known to all. This is what we are looking for. b. 疑问词疑问词+句子的剩余成分句子的剩余成分 2021/3/1325 (2) (2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句 语序语序, ,不能用一般疑问句语序。不能用一般疑问句语序。 How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )

18、 How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( ) 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗? F T T F 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。 Could you tell me where he lives? ( ) Could you tell me where does he live? ( ) 2021/3/1326 二、名词性从句连接词的选用二、名词性从句连接词的选用 （1 1）that that 和和what what 的选用的选用 that that 和和 what what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引

19、导所有的名词从句。 但是但是,what,what除起连接作用外除起连接作用外, ,还在名还在名 词性从句中充当成分词性从句中充当成分, ,可做从句的主可做从句的主 语、宾语、或表语。而语、宾语、或表语。而thatthat在名词性从在名词性从 句中不充当任何成分句中不充当任何成分, ,只起连接作用只起连接作用。 2021/3/1327 that / whatthat / what 1._ he wants is a book. 2. _ he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is _ we won the game. 4.This is _

20、we want to know. 5.Is _ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying. 7. I have no doubt _ he will come. 8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon. What That that what what what that what 2021/3/1328 a. a. 主语从句主语从句 b. b. 表语从句表语从句 c. c. 同位语从句同位语从句 e. e. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句 f. w

21、hether to do f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to if to do.do. g whether or not g whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时连在一起引导宾语从句时 不用不用if.if. 动词动词discussdiscuss后后 不能使用if 的情况: 2021/3/1329 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2._ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. Were worried

22、 about _ he is safe. 4. I dont know _ he is well or not. 5. I dont know _ or not he is well. 6. The question is _ he should do it. 7.The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon. 8. I dont know _ to go. if / whether Whether whether whether whether whether whether whether

23、 2021/3/1330 其它连接代词和副词的连用其它连接代词和副词的连用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义, , 正确的正确的选择选择who、which、when、where、 why、 how 等连接词等连接词,这些连接词既具这些连接词既具 有疑问含义有疑问含义,又起连接作用又起连接作用,同时在从同时在从 句中充当各种成分。句中充当各种成分。 2021/3/1331 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。 _ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道

24、昨天谁打破了玻璃。 I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday. 我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。 I have no idea _ he looks like. 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。 This is _ I left my glasses. When who what where 2021/3/1332 that that 可省略的情况可省略的情况: : thatthat不可省略的情况不可省略的情况: : 主语从句主语从句 表语从句表语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句

25、并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略 单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的thatthat可省略可省略 2021/3/1333 1.I dont think _ she is coming. 2.It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake. 3.The reason is _ he is careless . 4.The news _ our team won the match inspired us. 5.I dont think it necessary _ you should read

26、 English aloud. 6.He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone. (that) that that that that (that) that 2021/3/1334 1.1.同位语从句的格式同位语从句的格式: : 2.2.能接同位语从句的名词有能接同位语从句的名词有: : 3.3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用 n.+ n.+ 连接词连接词 + + 从句从句 order, belief, suggestionorder, belief,

27、suggestion, , advice ,informationadvice ,information 等等 whetherwhether, what, when, where , what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。等来引导同位语从句。 factfact、idea, idea, 2021/3/1335 1. I have no idea _ he comes from. 2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money. 3.He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up e

28、arlier and take more exercise. 4.I have no doubt _ he will win. 5. I have some doubt _ he will win. where how that that whether 2021/3/1336 1.1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语定语从句是先行词的修饰语, ,它不涉及先它不涉及先 行词的具体内容。定语从句中行词的具体内容。定语从句中thatthat不但起不但起 连接作用连接作用, ,而且在定语从句中充当一个句子而且在定语从句中充当一个句子 成分成分, ,充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。 2

29、.2.同位语从句对同位语从句对中心词的内容中心词的内容作进一步的解作进一步的解 释和说明释和说明, ,表明中心词的具体内容。引导同表明中心词的具体内容。引导同 位语从句的位语从句的that that 在同位语从句中不做任何在同位语从句中不做任何 成分成分, ,只起连接作用只起连接作用, ,无具体含义无具体含义, ,且不可省且不可省 略略. . 2021/3/1337 1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. 1.Th

30、e information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university. 2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value. 定从定从 同从同从 同从同从 定从定从 2021/3/1338 1.The reason _ we didnt trust him was _ he often lied 2.The reason _ he gave for his absent was _

31、he was ill. why that that that 2021/3/1339 1.They expressed the hope _they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when 2.The fact_ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what 3.I have no idea _he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that 2021/3/1341 4.T

32、he news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that 6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. wha

33、t B. whether c. that D. which 2021/3/1342 7.The question is _the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 8.They received orders _ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 9.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that

34、D. that; because 2021/3/1343 10. _ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. Which; how C. That; why D. What; because 11. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if 2021/3/1344 12. It is known to us _ where there is pol

35、lution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that 13. I have the information _. A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soon C. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon 2021/3/1345 14. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke

36、B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break 15.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. A.how B. that C. when D. what 2021/3/1346 16.- Can I help you? - Yes, do you know _? A. when comes the bus B. when will come the bus C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes 17.

37、 He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if 2021/3/1347 18. They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what 2021/3/1348 1.It now appears _ they are

38、in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how 2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how 3.It _ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought that D. is thought that 4.It _ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D.

39、might be what 5.This is _ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what 6.The question is _ we cant go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when 2021/3/1349 7.The question is _ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what 8.The reason why he has made such great progress is _ he has nev

40、er wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what 9.My suggestion is _ we should turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where 10.His proposal is that the dam _ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built 11.My advice is that he _ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept 12._ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who 2021/3/1350 13.We all know the truth _ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 14.We heard the news _ our team had won.