艺考生课程完型填空第五十三讲解题技巧和方法

1、20XX年学大教育艺考生课程完型填空第五十二讲解题技巧和方法适用学科高中英语适用年级高中三年级适用区域全国通用课时时长（分钟）60分钟知识点1、解题方法和技巧（二）2、不同文体的完形填空解题法教学目标1、培养学生根据上下文信息进行综合分析逻辑判断的能力。2、培养学生在具体语境中的词汇辨析能力。3、培养学生在语境中语法运用能力。4、加强学生对英美文化背景和生活常识的积累意识。教学重点1、培养学生阅读能力和定的语篇文章分析能力升。2、培养学生语法的运用能力，通过对完形填空解题技巧的概括，达到解题能力的提了解学生在解题中的思路并加以分析，指导他们形成一定的解题方法。教学难点教学过程课堂导入Steve

2、 Jobs is reallya success in computer fieldSteve Jobs1955 2011Ji通过图片人物 乔布斯的展示 引出话题，并放一段视频引出一个残缺的苹果： 这个残缺的苹果就像我们的完形填空，尽管不完整，但却很有吸引力，因为高考 20-30 分。这个类比很有趣，也很贴切，增强趣味性）复习预习Step 1. Fill in the blanks with the strategiesSteve Jobs did what he loved to do in his life.He started App le with Woz whe n he was 2

3、0. I n ten years Apple had grow n into a $2 billio n company withover 4,000 empioyee , whe n he had just turned 30, he was rejected and got2by App le, which was destructive to him.But he didn t want to abandon what he 3 to do. He decided t _ again. He set up a company namedNeXT and it devel oped so

4、wel _ in 1997 he retur ned to App le with new tech no logy, which p layed a _6 role in the boom of Apple.Whe n asked wha him going, Jobs said his being fired by Apple was th _8 thing that could have ever happened to him. He never los9_ and just continued what he loved.Step 2. Con clusi on1、 However

5、2 、fired 3、loved4、start5、so 6、 major 7 、kept 8 、 best 9、faith三、知识讲解知识点1解题技巧和方法:、利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择“You re ne、首句一般不设空。因此我们应重视首句，并利用首句预测短文的问题和全文内容。1.1 did very IbadM at school. My headmaster thought I was_ and when I was 14 he said, to be anything but a failure.A. brightB. useless C. simp le D. hopeful 2

6、. Dorothy Brown was very happy as she sat in the theatre listening to the Imusid Today her little daughterLaure n was givi ng her first con cert. She had bee n wait ing for this mome nt for years and years.at last, ” she thought.“ How beOutifus.he”s age. As a young girl, DorothyThe song made her go

7、back to the days whe n she was Laure n“You canbeiciome athe future, ” her teachers told her.a con cert singer. She studied _ in Fran ce, Italy and in the Un ited States.“ But you must be prep ared to study hard and work for many ye1. A. voiceB. faceC. dressD. life2. A. FrenchB. musicC. pianoD. dance

8、3. A. actressB. stude ntC. singerD. dancer答案：A B C二、根据逻辑推理解题and the officers the n bega n to eat their meal, say ing that the mushrooms had a vbry strangeqbite p leasa nttaste.A. besidesB. butC. andD. orStude nts gen erally app reciate these sp ecial 50 opportun ities.They are almost always fun and

9、in terest ing,and I pro fesso*51 them too because stude nts learn so much in just a few short mon ths.D. lear ning50. A. work ingB. livi ng C. teach ing51. A. holdB. like C. dislikeD. discover三、根据找复现同现解题复现复现是一种词汇衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式,重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文

10、章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确答案。(1)原词复现。为了表达的需要，在具体的上下文中同一个单词重复出现。如:All of a sudde n I started to feel rather.She won dered why I was look ing for this sort of.I felteve n more helpless whe n she told me that it would be difficult to get a idb without exp erie nee.D. pl easedA. en couragedB. dissatisfied

11、C. helpl essA. p laceB. jobC. adviceD. help 同义词、近义词复现。同义词、近义词复现是借助意思相同或相近的表达方式，或解释性的语言使of it.上下文的语义得以连接起来。如:That is what a hobby mean s, I guess. It is somethi ng we like to do in our sp are time simply for theThe value in dollars is not imp orta nt; wedo it for the pleasure it gives us.A. ben efitB

12、.goodC. funD. i nterest(3) 反义词复现。语意的连贯有时是通过对比结构而采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释，考生可以从反义的角度判断正确的选项。如:OnlvItightonsJrtm oney:Fore ing yourself to recall almost n ever helps because it doesnA. loosenB. weake nC. decrease D. reduce(4) 同源词复现。对于上下文语义复现的表达，还可借助复现信息的同源词或同根词。如:Many teachers believe that the respo

13、nsibilities for learning lie with the students. If a long reading assignment is give n, the in structors expect stude nts to be familiar with the in formatio n in the read in g.Whe n research is,the pro fessor exp ects the stude nt to take it actively and to compi ete it with mi nimum guida nee.A. c

14、ollected B. assig ned C. distributedD. fini shed(5) 上义词复现。上义词具有概括的作用。在篇章中，有时为了表达的需要，作者会先概述，再分述。概述时用的为上义词，分述则用比较具体的下义词，两者为总分关系。如:Other times, he would join stude nt groups to discuss a variety of: agriculture, divi ng and mathematicsA. questi onsB. subjectsC. mattersD. contents同现同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一句

15、话或同一语篇中，以确保语篇的和谐性、得体性。由于单词意义的差别、所使用的语境不同，因此所使用的上下文也各有差异。(1)场所同现。如:Ondays, she woreheavy clothes and a p air df woole n gloves.C. cloudyD. snowyA.sunnyB. rainy修饰同现。女口:Although these Wide moder n roads are gen erally and well maintained, with little sharp curves andmany straight,a direct route is not

16、always the most enjoyable one.A. stableB. smoothC. splen did D. comp licatedC. series D. secti onsA. selecti onsB. sep arati ons(3)因果同现。女口:“ Hooray! ” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest I had ever heard at a meetingT he first-place gunner was two laps ahead of me whe n she crossed the finishing l

17、ine.A. cheerB. shoutC. cryD. no ise结构同现。女口:,he would join stude nt groups to discuss aSometimes he would invite a student to a game of chess.variety of subjects: agriculture, diving, mathematics.A. As a matter of factB. Later onC. Other timesD. In general(5)同义同现。女口:a pro fessor duri ng officeIf a st

18、ude nt has p roblem with classroom work, the stude nt should eitherhours ormake an app oi ntmenjA. greet B. attach C. approach D. annoy知识点2 不同文体的完形填空解题法1记叙文完形填空步。完形填空一般无标题，而且首1) 读好短文首句，琢磨文章内容。这是做完形填空最重要的 句一般不设空，是完整的一句话，信息就从这里开始，他暗示或告诉读者下文将会说什么。正确的利 用首句信息对于把握答案的方向是极其重要和有效的。2) 读懂作者的态度。分析全文弄清作者是否一直用某种态

19、度叙述某件事情，正确把握反映作者情 感的关键词。3) 通读全文，掌握大意，理清各个角色，记述文一般有两个或多个角色，作者对不同角色的态度 是不一样的，即便是他们做同样的事。4) 理顺事件的发生、经过和结局。记述文多数是按事情的发展顺序进行叙述的，理清文章的发展 顺序才能把握文章的主脉。因此，先要理清人物间的关系及各自所作的事情，这样做题时可以再一次 从时间上把握故事的进程。2议论文完形填空议论文完形填空不像记叙文形式那么有情景。因此，我们对整个文章的把握相对来说也难得多。解答 这类题要遵循下列原则：1) 对于夹叙夹议形式的完形填空，要把叙和议有机的结合起来。有的学生不注意这一点，把叙述 和议论

20、分割开，只顾选个部分的答案，没有注意事件和论点的联系，对全文的整体合一没有把握好， 答案的正确率也必将大打折扣。2) 对于纯议论形式的完形填空，要在掌握全文主旨的情况下，抓好每段的首句。抓住了每段的主 旨句也就是把握了文章的脉络，理解文意就容易了。3) 理清文章的论点、论据有着相辅相成的关系，整个文章前后是一致的，故能说明论据的答案可 以在论点里得到印证，论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机的结合起来。若所选答案前后矛盾，论据 与论点相矛盾，最后结论与论点也就像矛盾，这就说明对文章的把握缺乏条理性和系统性，需要重新 理顺文章各个部分，直到条理清楚为止，再根据对全文的把握及各部分的逻辑关系选出正确答

21、案。3 说明文完形填空作说明文完形填空时，先要弄清说明对象，是具体的实物还是理论性的概念。近几年的高考题，作者在文章的首句就直接提出要说明的对象。只有明确了说明的对象，才能更好地掌握说明的具体内容。在掌握文章要说明的内容后，关键的是要把握文章的说明顺序，这是文章的主线。解这类题就如同画rH画，先是画轮廓，再画具体内容，最后润色。说明文的顺序主要有：时间、空间、逻辑、认识顺序 等。理清这些顺序以后，我们就很容易选出答案。最后一步，我们要回过头来，依照文章的内容，将选择的答案代入各空，检查答案是否符合。要注意，有时所选答案针对某句某空是对的，但很可能在上下文中不合逻辑。这就需要进行调整，直到文章上

22、下通达，顺序、条理清晰为止。四、例题精析【例题11（广东卷） We all know that some things are obviously right. For example, it is right to be_1 to other peopie. It is also right to look after the en vir onment. Some thi ngs are 2 wrong, too. For in sta nee, we should not hurt or bully（欺负）others, nor should we litter. Rules ofte

23、n tell us what is right or wrong.Rules can help the p ublic make the right _3, and remai n safe. Car drivers have to obey traffic regulatio ns that tell them the right thi ngs to do on the road to avoid crashes. Cyclists who give sig nals before turning or stopping help prevent -4-.If people follow

24、rules without taking other matters into consideration, it will be _5_ for them to form what issometimes called a“ black and white ” view. For example, they may believe that people should alwaytruth, and that lying is _ acce ptable. Such people always stick to their views, eve n if it means that they

25、 may get in toZ.Sometimes it may not be so easy to kn ow 8what is right or wrong. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is 9 to eat an imals, but others argue that they can eat meat andlO be kind to an imals;some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that o

26、ne does not need to feel toH when stealing some food to eat, if he lives in a really poor area and he is12 . Rules help us live together in harm ony, because they show us the right way to 13 other .However, some people argue that rules may be 14, hav ing observed that rules cha nge all the time, and

27、 that some schools have some regulati ons and other have differe nt ones so who is to 15 what is right?1 A .kindB .se nsitiveC fairD. gen erous【答案】A【解析】根据后文善）。2 A .equallyB. slightlyC clearlyD .in creas in gly【答案】C【解析】与第一句some things are obviously right相对应，为同义词同现，故选 clearly。3. A suggesti onB con clu

28、si ons C turnsD choiceslook after the environment以及反面观点的hurt和bully可知，此处应该为 kind （友【答案】D【解析】根据常识和下句tell them the right things to do可知规章告诉人们如何做出正确选择。4. A accide ntsB mistakesC fallsD deaths【答案】A【解析】根据常识和上文出现的 avoid crashes这里应选prevent accidents也为同义词同现。5. A interesting B vitalC easyD valuable答案】 C解析】根据逻

29、辑推断，这里应为人们很容易形成黑白 ”观，故选 easy。6 .A seldomB rarelyC merelyD never答案】 D【解析】因tell the truth与lying相对，可知这里应选与always相对的never，为反义词同现。7. A troubleB powerC prisonD control答案】 A解析】这里意为坚持 “黑白”观的人很容易惹上麻烦，故选 trouble8. A roughlyB eventually C deliberately D exactly答案】 D解析】由后文举例可知，人们有时很难 “确切地 ”辨明是非。9. A awfulB crue

30、lC unhealthyD unnecessary答案】 B解析】可根据线索词 but 推出，这里应选用与后文kind 相对应的 cruel。10. A stillB evenC laterD somehow【答案】D解析】这句话的意思是说，他们可能会食肉，同时也会以某种方式善待动物，故选somehow。11. A nervous B anxiousC afraidD guilty答案】 D解析】根据常识，偷东西会自觉有罪或内疚，故选guilty 。12. A begging B starvingC growingD wandering答案】 B解析】根句上下文以及前文中的he lives i

31、n a really poor area 这里应选 starving, 属场所同现。13 A followB instructC treatD protect答案】 C解析】根句上下文可知这里应选treat。14. A disgusting B confusingC unsafeD unimportant【答案】B【解析】根据后文的 rules change all the time可知这里应选 confusing。15 A predictB explainC decideD consider答案】 C【解析】 根据前文的 some schools have some regulations

32、and other have different on这里应选 decide,意为面对这些不同的规章制度,该由谁来 “抉择”什么才是正确的规章制度呢？五、课堂运用【基础】It has bee n argued by some that gifted childre n should be grouped in sp ecial classes, The1 has bee n on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual （智力的）growth by _2 situ

33、ation that has designed for the_3_ children.There can be little doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted childre n to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems.I observed a nu mber of 6childre n who were take

34、 n out of a sp ecial class and p laced in a 7 class.In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying _8_ on their teachers directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect - 9 on many p roblems, some of which were not on the

35、 school p rogram.Many are con cer ned that gifted childre n become 10 and lose in terest in lear ning. However this_is more often from parents and teachers tha n from stude nts, and some of these 12 simply con clude thatsp ecial classes should be set up for those who are 13. Some top stude nts do fe

36、el bored in class, but why they 14 so goes far bey ond the work they have in school. Studies have show n that to be bored is to be an xious. The gifted child who is bored is an 15 child.1. A. principleB. theory C. arguments D. classification【答案】B【解析】theory意为学说；理论；看法”其后的动词为单数，不能选 C, principle :原则；准则；

37、原理，D. living。classificati on:分类； 类别。2. A. desig ningB. grouping C. lear ning【答案】C【解析】learning situation学习环境3. A. smartB. curious C. matureD. average答案】 DD. creative【解析】average children普通的孩子与前句的gifted children相对应。4. A. regular B. special C. small答案】 B解析】毫无疑问，特长班能够帮助有天赋的学生早点毕业，尽快就职。5. A. children B. p

38、rograms C. graduates D. designs答案】 A解析】把这些有天赋的孩子们从普通班里选走可能会造成严重的问题。6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent答案】 A【解析】in tellige nt聪明的；com pete nt能胜任的；ordi nary普通的；indepen de nt自主的。D. boring7. A. separate B. regular C. new答案】 B【解析】regular class普通班8. A. specially B. slightly C. wrongly

39、 D. heavily答案】 D解析】 heavily 意为“严重的 ”，本句意为：在特长班由于严重依赖老师的指导， 他们几乎不能表现出自己的判断能力。9. A, directly B. cleverly C. voluntarily D. quickly答案】 A解析】 reflect directly on many problems 直接思“考许多问题 ”，与前面的 rely on 相对应。10. A. doubted B. boredC. worried D. tired答案】 B【解析】从后面的lose interest可知。11. A. concernB. con clusi on

40、 C. reflecti onD. i nterest【答案】A【解析】前句的Many are concerned that已提示。12. A. stude ntsB. adultsC. scholarsD. teachers【答案】B【解析】adults指前面的 parentsand teachers.13. A. tale ntedB. worriedC. lear nedD. i nterested【答案】A 【解析】talented与gifted同义。14. A. believe B. thi nkC. sayD. feel【答案】D【解析】 从前句 Some top students

41、 dofeel bored in clas可知。15. A. outstandingB. intelligent C. anxiousD. ordinary【答案】C【解析】 从前句 Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious.【巩固】Why do I want to go to college? No one has ever asked me 1 a questi on. But many times I have asked myself. I have _2_ a whole variety of reason _ impo

42、rtant reason is that I want to be a better man.Many things make huma n beings differe nt 4or better tha n or eve n sup erior to ani mals.One of the most imp orta nt thi ngs is5 If I fail to receive higher educati on, my educati on6 . As I want to be a fully 7 man, I must get a well-r oun ded educati

43、 on, which good colleges and uni versities are supposed to 8 I know one can get educated in many ways, but colleges and universities are 9 the best p laces to teach me how to educate myself. Only whe n I am well-educated, will I be a better huma n being and 10 fit into society1. A. quiteB. soC. such

44、D. another答案】 C【解析】such常用在不定冠词或名词前修饰可数名词或不可数名词，表示此类的” 这种的”故such为正确选项。2. A. come up withB. agreed withC. been fed up withD. got on well with【答案】A【解析】come up with意为 提出、找出” agree with意为 同意” be fed up with意为 对厌倦” geton well with意为 和相处得好”根据文意A为正确选项。3. A. MostB. The most C. MoreD. Much，因此这里应用 important答案】

45、 B解析】上文讲到我曾找到过各种各样的原因， 其中最重要的原因应当是的最高级，故选 the most。4. A. toB. aroundC. betweenD. from答案】 D【解析】固定结构be different from表示不同于”5. A. education B. weatherC. temperatureD. science【答案】A解析】本段着重说明了教育在人的发展中的作用，以及大学在教育中的地位。作为总括句，本空应填education。D. has finished6. A. finished B. don t finish C. will not finish答案】 C解

46、析】这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，意为 “如果我不能受到更高等的教育，我就无法完成我的学业 ”，故选 will not finish 为正确选择。7. A. develop B. developed C. developingD. experience答案】 B解析】这里只能选可作定语的选项。过去分词 developed表示 成熟的”为正确选项。8. A. improve B. graduateC. hearD. provide答案】 D【解析】大学应是提供高等教育的地方，P rovide符合文意为正确选项。9. A. between B. amongC. insideD. outside

47、答案】 B【解析】介词among可表示”包括 在内”为正确选项。10. A. can good B. may better C. be able to better D. be able to best答案】 C【解析】与前半句相对应，这里仍应用比较级，而may better意思不对，因此be able to better为正确选项。【拔高】Farley worked for the Can adia n gover nment. One day, he was1to lear n more about wolves. Do wolves kill lots of caribou （北美驯鹿）

48、？ Do they kill peopie?They gave him lots of food and clothes and guns. Then they put him on a plane and took him to . 2 The plane put him dow n and went away. There were no houses or people in this p lace. But there were lots of ani mals and lots of wolves.People tell terrible stories about wolves.

49、They say wolves like to kill and eat people. Farley rememberedthese stories, and he was 3_ He had his gun with him4The n one day, he saw a group of wolves. There was a mother wolf with four baby wolves. A father wolf and ano ther young wolf lived with them.Farley watched these wolves every day. The

50、mother was a very 5 mother. She gave milk to her babies.She gave them lessons about life. They learned how to 6 food. The father wolf got food for the mother.wolf family! Farley did not n(The young wolf 7 the childre n. They were a ni ce, happy family 8_ any more. In a short time, he got on well wit

51、h the family. Farley watched them for five mon ths. He lear ned that many stories about the wolves were 9_ . Wolves do not eat people, and they do not eat many large ani mals. And he also lear ned bad things about men .It was men who killed many caribou and wolves.Later, Farley wrote a book about wo

52、lves. He wan ted people to 10 them and not to kill them.1. 1. A. seenB. toldC. heardD. found答案】 B【解析】Farley是政府工作人员。从上下文得知, 他是被派去进行调查和研究狼的习性的，故选 told。D. a lonely village2. A. a small town B. a big city C. a far place答案】 C解析】根据下文飞机把 Farley 送到了一个没有房屋和人的地方 , 说明了这个地方不可能是城市 ,小镇和村庄故a far place为正确答案。3. A. a

53、fraidB. happy C. angryD. tired答案】 A解析】狼吃人的恐怖故事给孤身一人的 Farley 带来的应是 afraid。4. A. at times B. all the time C. once a week D. every afternoon答案】 B【解析】因为Farley害怕，所以枪应始终不能离身。all the time意为一直、始终”5. A. badB. goodC. hungryD. thirsty答案】 B解析】根据下文的描述，狼妈妈给孩子们喂奶， 对孩子们进行训练， 可见是一位好妈妈， 故选 good。6. A. cookB. makeC. ge

54、tD. pick【答案】C解析】狼只能猎取食物 ,而不能烧食物 , 生产食物。 get 合乎文意，为正确答案。7. A. shouted at B. looked into C. laughed at D. played with答案】 D【解析】shout at意为 朝大声叫喊” look into意为 调查、观察” laugh at意为 嘲笑”。这三个词组都不符文意。 play with 意为“和起玩耍 ”，合文意为正确答案。8. A. foodB. clothes C. gunD. plane答案】 CD. not clear解析】 the nice happy wolf family 让 Farley 不再害怕，因此也就不再需要枪了，故选择gun.。9. A. not good B. not true C. not easy【答案】B解析】因为他的亲身体验与他所听到的相违背，说明以前关于狼的说法是不对的 , 故选 not true。10. A. growB. haveC. teachD. understand答案】 D【解析】understand意为了解”合乎文意，为正确答案。课程小结本节课主要讲解完型填空的解题技巧和针对不同