2020-2021学年英语牛津译林版第一册教学案：UnitGetting along with others 突破 语法大冲关含解析

1、学必求其心得，业必贵于专精2020-2021学年英语新教材牛津译林版必修第一册教学案：unit 3 getting along with others 突破 语法大冲关含解析由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句由关系词引导。限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，若省略，主句的内容就不完整或失去意义；它和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。关系词指代先行词,在从句中作一定的句子成分.引导定语从句的关系代词有which,that,who,whom,whose，as等。观察例句1do

2、 you know the man that/who is waiting outside。2he showed me the photos （that/which） he took on his trip to xian.3simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen。4i like the way （that/in which) she smiles.5the trees that/which are behind the office building have lost their leaves.6then another big qu

3、ake which was almost as strong as the first one shook tangshan。7the army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead。8workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed。归纳用法一、定语从句的先行词先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言,它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语等；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语等。下面，我们从

4、两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布:即学即练1找出下列句中的定语从句的先行词is this the book which your father bought for you?the bookwho is the man that is speaking to your mother？the manthey rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.the mansome people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields。some

5、 people二、关系代词的用法1that的用法that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语、状语或表语，而且作宾语或状语时常可省略。this is the book。i want to read it.this is the book （that)i want to read。这就是我想读的那本书。（that指代the book，在定语从句中充当宾语)即学即练2使用定语从句合并句子，并写出关系词that在从句中作什么成分this is the house.lu xun once lived in the house.this is the house （that) lu xun o

6、nce lived in（that在定语从句中作宾语）jack is no longer a lazy boy。he used to be a lazy boy.jack is no longer a lazy boy that he used to be(that在定语从句中作表语）the boy is tom。the boy is studying in the classroom。the boy that is studying in the classroom is tom.（that在定语从句中作主语)i dont like the way。he looks at me in the

7、 way。i dont like the way （that） he looks at me（that在定语从句中作状语）2which的用法which指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语,常与that互换使用.the houses overlook the lake.they cost more。the houses which/that overlook the lake cost more.俯瞰湖泊的房子价格高一些。(which指代the houses，在定语从句中充当主语)即学即练3单句语法填空maybe you have a habit that/which is driving your

8、family crazy.finally he reached a lonely island that/which was completely cut off from the outside world。3who的用法who指人,在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。the tall man is yao ming.yao ming is playing basketball.the tall man who is playing basketball is yao ming.正在打篮球的那个很高的人是姚明。(who指代yao ming，在定语从句中充当主语）即学即练4写出下面句

9、子中who作什么成分dickson is an able worker who we all value highly。宾语the boy who is standing there is my cousin。主语4whom的用法whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略.this is the girl。i met the girl in the street.this is the girl whom i met in the street。这是我在街上遇到的那个女孩。(whom指代the girl，在定语从句中充当宾语)即学即练5翻译句子大家都喜欢的这位男士很善良。the man （wh

10、om） everyone likes is kind。杰克不再是五年前我见到的杰克了.jack is no longer the person（that/who/whom）i met five years ago.5whose的用法whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语,指人时,相当于of whom the；指物时,相当于of which the。i have read the book。i like its characters very much。i have read the book whose/of which the characters i like very much。

11、我已经读了这本书，我很喜欢它里面的人物。(whose指代先行词the book，在定语从句中充当定语)即学即练6用定语从句合并句子this is the scientist。his achievements are well known。this is the scientist whose achievements are well knowndont stand close to the house。its roof is under repair.dont stand close to the house whose roof is under repair6关系代词that与which

12、的区别情况用that还是which先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰that先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰that先行词前有the very，the only等修饰that先行词既指人也指物that先行词前有疑问代词which时thatthere be句型中，句子的主语是先行词而且又是指物的名词that句中已经出现过that或which交替使用先行词为主句的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语that关系代词前面有介词which关系代词后面带有插入语which即学即练7选词填空：which，thatthe scientist and his achievements that

13、you told me about are admired by us all。here is the book about which i told you yesterday。this is the best way that is to be used against pollution。here is the english grammar book which，as ive told you，will help you improve your english。all the presents that your friends gave you on your birthday s

14、hould be put away.this is the very book that i have been looking for。三、关系代词的省略关系代词在从句中作宾语时,通常可以省略。the man(whom/who）you saw just now is our manager。你刚才见到的那个人是我们的经理.is there anything（that）i can do for you？有什么我能为你效劳的吗？即学即练8请用关系代词填空并用括号标出可以省略的关系代词this is the most interesting story （that) i have ever rea

15、d.this is the person whose story surprised everybody.he often helps the students who he thinks are not quick at their study。who was the woman (that) you were talking with？.单句语法填空1i still remember the earthquake that/which happened in 2008 in sichuan。2have you read the book that/which was written by

16、anne frank？3the first thing that he did after arriving home was doing his homework.4is this the teacher who/that rescued several students from the burning building?5do you know the lady who/that/whom our english teacher is talking with under the big tree？6it is the tallest building that daming has e

17、ver seen since he came here。7my father bought a new bike for me whose price added up to more than 1，000 yuan.8she said she would do anything that could help her mother recover from the disease.9anyone who has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising。10the boy and the dog that are in the pi

18、cture are very lovely。短文语法填空id skipped nearby guilin，1.which is a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the li river 2。that/which are pictured by artists in so many chinese paintings。instead,id headed straight for yangshuo.for those 3。who fly to guilin,its only an hour away by