医学复习资料：免疫与药物

1、1. Rh溶血病很少发生于第1胎的原因是（）。(7.0分)A.Rh阳性的胎儿血细胞不能进入母体B.母体初次致敏，未能产生足量的抗体C.母体具有足量的抗体，但不能进入胎儿内D.胎儿组织能够吸收母体的抗体E.以上都不是2.与强直性脊椎炎相关联的HLA分子是（）。(7.0分)A.DR3B.DQ2C.B35D.B27E.CW63. HLA复合体不具有的特点是（）。(7.0分)A.人类基因组中密度最高的区域B.免疫功能相关基因最集中的区域C.最富有多态性的1个区域D.交换频率最高的区域E.与疾病关联最为密切的一个区域4.父子之间HLA完全相同的可能性是（）。(7.0分)A.0B.0.25C.1/2D.0

2、.75E.25.同胞之间HLA完全相同的可能性是（）。(7.0分)A.0B.0.25C.1/2D.0.75E.16.在同一染色体上HLA各座位等位基因因紧密连锁，完整传递，这种组成称为（）。(7.0分)A.单倍体B.单倍型C.单体型D.单一型E.单位点7. HLA-L、HLA-H、HLA-J和HLA-X这些基因均因突变而无表达产物，他们被称为（）。(7.0分)A.假基因B.非经典基因C.MIC基因D.补体基因E.肿瘤坏死因子基因8.自身免疫性疾病所不具备的特性是（）。(7.0分)A.多发于女性B.常呈慢性发作C.单基因显性遗传D.血清中存在自身抗体E.激素治疗有一定疗效1.患者血液中可以检出高

3、滴度的自身抗体和（或）与自身免疫组织成分起反应的致敏淋巴细胞。2.患者组织器官的病理特征为免疫炎症，并且损伤的范围与自身抗体或致敏淋巴细胞所针对的抗原分布相对应。3.用相同抗原在某些实验动物中可复制出相似的疾病模型，并能通过自身抗体或相应致敏淋巴细胞使疾病在同系动物间转移。上述三个特点是自身免疫的三个基本特征，也是确定自身免疫病的三个基本条件。除此之外，目前所认识的自身免疫病往往还具有以下特点：4.多数病因不明，常呈自发性或特发性，有些与病毒感染或服用某类药物有关。5.病程一般较长，多呈反复发作和慢性行迁延的过程，病情的严重程度与自身免疫应答呈平行有关系。6.有遗传倾向，但多非单一基因作用的结

4、果；HLA基因在某些自身免疫病中有肯定的作用。7.发病的性别和年龄倾向为女性多于男性，老年多于青少年。8.多数患者血清中可查到抗核抗体。9.易伴发于免疫缺陷病或恶性肿瘤。9. Variation in the activity of the cytochrome P450 family of proteins most directly affects which of the following?(7.0分) P193 细胞色素氧化酶P450在肝脏中表达影响药物代谢A.Amountof drug taken up into cellsB.Amountof drug taken up by t

5、he bodyC.DrugmetabolismD.Excretionof drug metabolites by the kidney10. Which of the following is not involved in generating antibody diversity?(7.0分)A.a high rate of germline mutationB.junctional diversityC.somatic recombinationD.a high rate of somatic mutationE.multiplecopies of V, J, and D genes i

6、n the germline11. Autoimmune diseases(7.0分)A.are sometimes associated with specific MHC class II alleles 肯定B.are sometimes associated with specific MHC class I alleles 不确定C.may sometimes involve molecular mimicry 分子拟态D.Aand CE.A,B, and C12. A likely explanation for autoimmunedisease is(7.0分)A.Repeat

7、edinfection by the same microbe eventually stimulates an autoimmune responseB.Depletionof T cell activity as a result of interleukin deficiencyC.Depletionof B cell activity as a result of interleukin deficiencyD.Lackof a memory B cell responseE.Mimicryof self proteins by a foreign pathogenA. 重复感染的微生

8、物最终激发自身免疫B.Depletion of B cell activity as a result of interleukin deficiencyB.清除B细胞活动由于白细胞介素缺乏症C.Repeated infection by the same microbe eventually stimulates an autoimmune responseC. 一个记忆B细胞反应缺乏D.耗尽的T细胞的活性由于白细胞介素缺乏E.Mimicry of self proteins by a foreign pathogenE.模拟自我蛋白的外源病原体13. Why is there so muc

9、h MHC (majorhistocompatibility locus) allelic diversity among individuals inpopulations?(8.0分)A.This region is especially susceptible to the effects of genetic driftB.The MHC region has a high level of somatic hypermutationC.Diversity enables the population to combat a larger number of different pat

10、hogensD.There are hundreds of different MHC loci, and they are shuffled by somaticrecombinationE.MHCdiversity ensures that most tissue grafts will be rejected14. Which of the following is a major difference in the mechanisms for generating diversity in T cell receptors and B cell immunoglobulins (an

11、tibodies)?(8.0分)A.Somatic hypermutation is seen in immunoglobulin genes but not in T cellreceptor genesB.Thereare multiple variable region genes for immunoglobulins but not for T cellreceptorsC.Somatic recombination is seen only in immunoglobulin genesD.Junctional diversity is generated only in T ce

12、ll receptor genesE.Junctional diversity is generated only in immunoglobulin genesA可见免疫球蛋白基因的体细胞突变，T细胞受体基因无B. Somatic hypermutation is seen in immunoglobulin genes but not in T cell receptor genesB.有多个可变区基因的免疫球蛋白，T细胞受体无 有C.Somatic recombination is seen only in immunoglobulin genesC.体细胞重组只是免疫球蛋白基因 均有D.Junctional diversity is generated only in T cell receptor genesD.连接的多样性