常见时态的用法

1、常见时态的用法常见时态的用法一、一般现在时 ：1.表示 习惯性或经常性的 动作或状态，常与 usually, often, sometimes, 确 always, seldom, every day (year, morning )等表 示频率的时间状语连 用。He often does his homework in his study. I usually get up at six in the morning.2. 表示客观规律、正确 事实或科学真理等。Knowledge comes only from practice. Columbus proved that the earth

2、 is round.3. 在连词 when, while, before, after, until,till,once, if, unless, as soon as, as long as, by the time, in case, even if, the moment/ minute /instant, the day/ year, immediately 等引导 的时 间(条件、让步)状语 从句中，常用一般现 在 时表将来。When Bill comes (will come ), ask him to wait for me.We ll go out for a walk as

3、soon as the rain stops.Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meeting will take place.4. come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 等动词可以用来 表示按照计划、安排将 要发生、且不轻易改变 的动作（有特定的时间 状语）。.The flight takes off at ten o clo. ckSchool begins on September 1st. Could you tell me when he back?When he back, I ll l

4、et you know.A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. will come; will come D. comes; will come 5试比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说 明的示范动作；第二句 now 是进行时的标志， 表示正在进行的动作。二、一般过去时 ：1）表 示在确定的过去时间里 发生的动作或存在的状 态，常与 yesterday, in 1998, two years ago, last month, th

5、e day before yesterday, the other day, when 从句等连用 .The Red Army came into being in 1927.A robber broke into the bank and robbed the bank of a lot of money last night. 一般过去时还可表示过 去发生的一连串动作。 The monkey jumped off the tree, picked up a big stone and threw it at us. 2)用于以下固定句型 中：It is (high/ about) time

6、 that sb. did sth. 早该 做.Would/ had rather sb. did sth. 宁 愿 某 人 去 做3) wish, wonder, think, hope, know 等 用 过 去 时，表示的动作都已成 为过去，现已不复存在。 Oh, its you. I didn t know you were here too.三、一般将来时 ：表示 将要发生的动作或存在 的 状 态 ， 常 与 soon, tomorrow ( morning ), next week (year ), some day, from now on, the day after tomo

7、rrow, in the future 等表将来 的时间状语连用。有几 种构成方式：1. Be going to + 动词原 形 表示计划、决 心，说话前已打算要 做的事情。说话人根据已有的 迹象或经验判断认为将 要发生的事情。I m going to buy a new car if I have a lot of money.Look! Dark clouds are gathering. It is going to rain.2. shall/will +动词原形 单纯表将来 表说 话时才想到的意愿或决 心。Eg: Jack is ill in hospital. Oh really?

8、 I I to see him.A. didn t know; will go tomorrow, next week 等B. don t know; am 具体的时间状语连用，doing 表 示 即 将 或 正 were on the point of 要 去 做 . 不 与 doing) 一般不能单独使goingC. haven kt nown; will goD. didn t know; am going3. be + to do 按照计 划、安排将要做的事情。 (上级对下级、父母 对子女)下达命令，意 思是“应该” 表命 中注定将要发生的事 情。We are to discuss t

9、he report next Saturday.You are to finish the work before five this afternoon.The little boy is to become a VIP.4. be about to +动词原 形或 be on the point of 但可和 when 从句连用。 I am about to do (=am on the point of doing) my homework.5. be + doing 表示按计 划安排即将发生的动 作，常用于 come, go, start, set out, leave, reach,

10、 return, move, take off, arrive 等 Are you staying here till next week?四、过去将来时 ：would do; was / were going to do; (was /were to do; was /were about to do; was /were doing; was / 用，常用在宾语从句和 间接引语之中，表示从 过去的角度看，将要发 生的行为或存在的状 态。 They said that they would call on me sooner or later.Tom asked me if I was go

11、ing to call on my English teacher.I was on the point of phoning you when your phone arrived.五、现在进行时 ：be (am , is , are) + doing 表示现在 ( 说话时刻 )正在进行或发生的动 作；Look! The monkey is climbing the banana tree.也可表示现阶段正在 进行或发生的动作，说 话时未必动作正在进行 ; What are you doing these days?Mr. Green is writing another novel. 一些

12、位移动词可用现 在进行时表将来。 He is coming to see you next week. 进行时与某些副词 ( always, constantly, continually, forever )连 用，可表赞叹或厌恶等 情感。 You are always thinking of others.He is constantly changing his mind.六、过去进行时 ： was /were doing 表示过去某个时刻或一 段时间正在进行的动作，这一特定的过去时间，除了上下文暗示以外，一般和时间状语连 用。常用的时间状语有： this morning, the wh

13、ole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last night, at this time yesterday, when, while 等 。 What were you doing at this time yesterday? I was reading a newspaper when he knocked at the door.You look unhappy. What s the matter with you? Nothing much. I was missing my parents. Eg: I don t hin

14、k Tom saw us; he intospace.A. just staredB. was just staringC. has just staredD. had just stared 七、现在完成时 have / has + done 表示过去发生或已经 完成的某一动作对现在 造成影响或结果 表示动作或状态过去已 经开始，一直持续到现 在。常用的时间状语有： already, never, ever, just, before, lately, yet, recently, so far, up to the present, up till now, in the past/ la

15、st few years, since，“ for+ 段时 间”等.Have you had your supper yet? Yes, I have just had it. (吃过了饭，所以现在 不饿)I have lived here in Yiyang since I was born.(动作持续到现在) has been to 去过 (已经回来) My sister has been to the USA once (but she is back now). has gone to 去 了(已去未归)My sister has gone to the USA (and she is

16、n here now).当先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰时，定语 从句中一般用现在完成 时。This isthemostinterestingstoryI haveeverread.This is the third time I have been here. 句中如果有过去的时 间副词(如： yeaterday, last week, in 1990 )，要 用一般过去时，不能用 现在完成时。Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. ()Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.(

17、) t 现在完成时中，终止 性 动 词 不 能 与 for, since 等延续性状语连 用，必须改为相应的延 续 性 动 词 。 Diebedeadjoinbeinfallillbe illfinishbeover束。leave/gobeawayHe has been lying inbeginbeonbed for two weeks. ( 现becomebe在还躺着)buyget/haveWhere have you been? Imarrybe married (to)have been looking forborrowkeepyou everywhere. ( 动作arrive/r

18、each/get to-be刚结束，已不在寻找 )in/at/ stay某些动词如： work, live,eg: He has joinedthestudy, teach 等用于现在Party for 5 years. ( ) 完成进行时和现在完成He has been a Party member for 5 years.时意义区别不大。I have been working /worked here for 5 years.He has been in theParty for 5 years. ( ) 八、现在完成进行时 have/has been doing 表示动作从过去开始， 一

19、直延续到现在，甚至 将来；也可能动作刚结 九 、 过 去 完 成 时 had done 表示在过去某一时间 或动作之前已经完成的 动作或状态 , 这个时间 可用短语或从句来表 示，也可由上下文来暗 示He had studied here for 3 years before he went to Europe. 一些表希望、 打算的 词 ， 如 ： hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, plan, intend 等，常用过去完成时表 示过去未曾实现的愿望 打算。I had expected to come and help you last ni

20、ght, but I was too busy. 过去完成时还可用于 虚拟语气中，表示与过 去事实相反的一种假设 I wish I had worked harder in those days! If you had come 5 minutes earlier, you would have caught the first bus.用于固定句型Hardly/Scarcely when; No sooner than 中 , 表Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain hard. (= I had hardly arrived home

21、 when .)No sooner had he got better than he fell ill again. (= He had no sooner got better than ) 几种常用时态之间的比较101. He lives in Beijing. 他住在北京。（长期性， 永久性）He is living in Beijing. 他现住北京。（临时性， 短暂性） 2. Alice wrote a letter to her friend last night. （写了一封信，过去式 表动作已完成） Alice was writing a letter to her frie

22、nd last night. （只强调当时在 写，不强调是否写完） 3 He has lived here for five years. （现完表示动 作延续到现在，即现在 还住这儿。） He lived here for five years.（曾经在这住过五 年，过去式表动作已完 成，即现已不住这。 ） 4. We have discussed the problem with him. （已经和他讨论过了。强调对现在的影响）We have been discussing the problem with him all the morning. （一直在讨 论，说话时动作可能还 在延续

23、。）1. Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? （全国 I 卷） Yes, since she the Chinese Society.A. has joinedB.joinsC. had joined D. joined2. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front to arrive. （全国11I 卷）have been taughtA. is expectedB.5. So far this year weis expecting a fall in houseC

24、. expectsD.prices by between 5 andwill be expected10 percent. （福建卷）3. Did youwatchA. saw B. see C.the basketballmatchhad seen D. have seenyesterday?6. I called Hnnah manyYes, I did. You know,times yesterday evening,my brother _ inbut I couldn t getthe match. （安徽卷）through. Her brotherA. isplaying on

25、the phone allB. was playingthe time! （湖南卷）C. hasplayedA. was talkingD. had playedB. has been talking4. I like theseEnglishC. has talkedsongs andtheyD. talkedmany timeson the7. Do you have anyradio. （安徽卷）problems if you A. taughtB.this job? （湖南卷）have taught Well, I mt hinkingC. are taughtD.about the

26、salary .12A.offer D. had walkedB. will offerC. are offeredD. will be offered10. - Do you think we should accept that offer?8.I ms ure Andrew Yes, we should, forwill win the first prize in the final. （江苏卷） I think so. He we _such bad luck up till now, and time _ out. （江西卷）for it for months.A. is prep

27、aringB. was preparingA. have had; is runningB. had; is runningC. have; has been runC. hadD. have had; has been run been11 We first met on apreparing D. hastrain in 2000. We both been preparingfelt immediately that we9. By the time he_ each other for years. realizes he _ into aA. knew B.trap, it ll b

28、e too late for had knownhim to do anything about it.（山东） A. walksB. walkedC. has walkedC. have knownD.know （辽宁卷）12. Have you got any job offers?13No. I .（ 辽宁卷）A. waitedB. had been waitingC. have waitedD. am waiting13. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it all day. （全国 II

29、）A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is raining14. If their marketing plans succeed, they their sales by 20 percent. （ 全国 II）A. will increaseB. have been increasingC. have increasedD. would be increasing15. -Did you go to the show last night?- Yeah. Every boy andgirl inthe area _invited.（陕西卷）A. were

30、B. have beenC. has been D. was16. The moment home, I found II gotmy jacketontheplayground.（陕西卷）A. had leftB.leftC. have leftD.was leaving17. Thoughwedontknow what was discussed, yet we canfeel the topic_（. 陕西卷）A. hadchangedB. will changeC. waschangedD. has been changed14but by the time I gotB. will

31、be testedindoors, it stopped. （四C. is beingtested川卷）D. has been testedA. had rung21. Have you read book called Waiting forB. was ringingAnya?it? （北京 Who C. rings卷）D. has rungA. writesB.19. I don t believehas writtenyou vea lready finishedC. wroteD.reading the book Ihad written_it to you this22. The

32、hotelwasn tmorning!particularly good.But IA. would lend in manyworseB. was lendinghotels. （北京卷）C. had lentA . wasstayingD. lent （浙江卷）B. stayed20. -What s thatC. wouldstaynoise? （浙江卷）D. had stayed-Oh, I forgot to tell23. No decisionaboutyou. The new machineany future appointmentuntil all the candidat

33、esA.wastested18.15have been interviewed.hero forwinningtheA. will be madefirst goldmetal forhisB. is made （北京卷）countryintheC. is being madeOlympics.D. has been madeA. regardedB.24. He footballwas regarded （重庆regularly for many卷）years when he wasC. has regardedD.young. （天津卷） had been regardedA. waspl

34、aying27. Teenagers _ theirB. playedhealth because theyC. hasplayedplay computer gamesD. had playedtoo much. （重庆卷）25. Judy isgoing toA. have damagedmarry the sailor she _B. are damagingin Rome last year. （重C. damaged庆卷）D. will damageA. meetsB.28. Do you know ifmetTerry will go campingC. has metD.this

35、 weekend? （ 上海卷 ）would meetTerry? Never! She _26. He _ asa nationaltents and fresh air!16A. has hated B. hatedYou can whenyouC. will hate D. hates a bit older.29. In recentyearsA. getB.many football clubswill getas business to make aC. are gettingD.profit. （ 上海卷 ）will have getA. have runB.32. I ms o

36、rry tokeephave been runyou waiting.C. had been runD.Oh, not at all. Iwill runhere only a few minutes.30. Susan decided not toA. havebeenwork on the program atB. had beenhome becausesheC.wasdidn t want her parentsD. will beto know what she _33. I don tr eallywork（辽宁卷 05）here; I untiltheA. has doneB.n

37、ew secretary arrives.had doneA. just help outB.C. was doingD.have just helpedoutis doingC. am just helpingout31. Can I jointheD. will just help outclub, Dad?34. You don tn eed to17describe her. I herseveral times.A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet35. Helen her keysin the office so she had to wait

38、 until her husband home.B. was workingC. had been workingD. had worked38. Oh, it sy ou!I you. I vej ust had my hair cut and I msee But she !see B. promised18A. has left; comesB. left; had comeC. had left; cameD. had left; would come36. my glasses?Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do youB.

39、Had you seenC. Would youD. Have you seen37. I first met Lisa three years ago. She ata radio shop at the time.A. has worked wearing new glasses.A. didn t recognizeB. hadn t recognizedC. haven tr ecognizedD. don t recognize39. Nancy is notcoming tonight.A. promisesC. will promiseD. had promised40. Shi

40、rley a bookabout China last year but I don t knowwhether she has finished it.A. has written B. wroteC. had writtenD. was writing41. The price , butI doubt whether it will remain so.A. went downB. will go downC. has gone downD. was going down42. Hey, look whereyou are going? Oh,I m terribly sorry.for

41、 the task , andwere ready to start.A. completedB. completeC. had been completedD. have been completed44. How are youtoday?Oh, I as ill as I do for a long time.A. didn fte elB.wasn t feelingC. don t feelD.haven t felt45. A new cinema A. will be builtA. I m not noticingB. is builtB. I wasn t notic ing

42、C. has been builtC. I haven t noticedD. is being builtD. I do not notice46. John and I 43. All the preparations friends for 8 years. We19here. They hope to finish it next month.first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we eachother a couple of times before that.A. had been; have seen B.

43、 have been; have seenC. had seen; had seenD. have been; had seen47. This is Ted sp hoto. We miss him a lot. He trying to save a child in the earthquake.A. killedB. is killedC. was killedD. was killing48. How are theteam playing?They are playing well, but one of them hurt.A. got B. gets C. are D. wer

44、e49. You haven st aid a word about my coat, Brenda. Do you like it? I m sorry I - anything about it sooner. I certainly think it s pretty on you.A.wasn tsayingB.don t sayC.won tsayD.didn t say50. He in acomputer company for4years, whichis ofgreat help to his present job.A. workedB. has workedC. is w

45、orkingD. had worked2051. Oh, dear. I forgot the air tickets. You something.A. have leftB.are always leavingC. are leavingD.always left52. I sobusily recently that I no time to help you with your math. That s OK. I can manage it by myself.A. have been working; haveB. have worked; hadC. am working; wi

46、ll haveD. had been working; had had21A. are writingB. will writeC. has writtenD. write54. He at themeeting, but his heart attack prevented him.A. will speakB. is going to speakC. had to speakD. was going to speak55. I beg yourpardon, but I didn tquite catch you. Oh, I myself.A. am talking toB. talke

47、d aboutC. have talked toD. was talking to56. I ping-pongquite well, but I haven t53. Remember to send me a photo of us next time you to me.had time to play since the New Year.A. will playB. have playedC. playedD. play57. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He ina radio factory at that time.A. had workedB.

48、 has workedC. was workingD. has been working58. What when I phoned you? I my work, and I wanted to go out.A. have you done; finishedB. were you doing; have finishedC. did you do; had just finishedD. were you doing; had just finished59. Have youfinished the report? No. I it all this week.A. will doB.

49、 had doneC. have doneD. have been doing60. I can guess you were in a hurry. You your sweater inside out.A. had wornB. woreC. were wearingD. are wearing61. We _ that you22would fix the TV set this week. I m sorry. I _ to fix it this week, but I ve been too busy.A. had expected; had intendedB. are exp

50、ecting; had intendedC. expect; intendD. expected; intend62. Why? Tom,your shirt is so dirty! Mum, I my storeroom downstairs.A. cleanedB. have cleanedC. was cleaningD. have been cleaning63. They wonclothes because they money to buy aA. saveB. are savingC. have savedD. were saving64. The traffic in ou

51、r city is already good and it even better.A. gets B. got C. has got D. is getting65. I will come toattend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow. I m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I myguests in my office.A. is being mett buy new C. will be meetingD. will have metnew house.23B. will meet66. A

52、lice came backhome the day before yesterday. Really? Where ?A. has she beenB. had she beenC. has she goneD. had she gone67. I know Mr. Brown; we to each otherat an international conference.A. are introducedB. are been introducedC. were introducedD. had been introduced68. Where do youthink he thecomp

53、uter? Sorry. I have no idea.A. has; boughtB.不填; boughtC. did; buyD.不填; buys69. Don t bother to lookfor my dictionary - it some day.A. turns upB. has turned upC. will turn upD. is going to turn up70. What do youthink of this kind of TVset, which inShanghai? Well, I don t care about such things.A. was madeB. is madeC. has been made24D. had been made71. Did he noticeyou enter the room? I don t think so. He to the r