超临界流体萃取原理及发展动向（Principle and development trend of supercritical fluid extraction）

1、超临界流体萃取原理及发展动向（Principle and development trend of supercritical fluid extraction）Pdf documents may experience poor browsing on the WAP side. It is recommended that you first select TXT, or download the source file to the local view.wideeastturnworkNo.stagePrinciple and development trend of supercrit

2、ical fluid extractionSongqihuangSongzhaobinWhitening,Department of chemical engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou?pick#?wantIn this paper, the basic properties of supercritical fluid, the principle and development trend of supercritical fluid extraction are introducedSupercritic

3、al fluid extraction, principle, trend,.Chain wordAlmostThe% &?(?Supercritical fluid extraction,) + +,%,%)0 + (+ 1) 23Referred to as the 4? / # is a new type of chemical industry in recent years in the research and Development DivisionSeparation technique,4 /?Make full use of supercritical fluid tech

4、nology # with 45?,solidSupercritical fluidThe characteristics of gas-liquid duality combine the characteristics of various extraction and separation, especially suitable for extraction and purification of volatile volatile natural substancesSesame day onlyorderbodyIt has developed into a cross - sys

5、tem, cross - industry, cross - disciplinary and cross - lifeJi hi tech has broad prospects for fine chemicals production,critical pointThe development and purification of products have positive significance and are now available in many fieldsThe industrial sector gradually promotes the application

6、of 4 / technology as a new type of separation,Technology is gaining worldwide attention66Seven.The basic principle of supercritical fluid extraction45?A #! ?Sesame sublimation line twoOne#One%#%#Basic properties of,Temperature & temperature?.The so-called supercritical refers to a particular fluid s

7、tate of matter,chart(,)!+One,chartWhen the temperature and pressure are higher than the critical temperature and the critical pressure, they are in the supercritical state.The melting line, boiling point and sublimation line of the diagram are divided into solid phaseThe critical point of the liquid

8、 phase and gas phase zone is at the critical temperature,Supercritical fluid means more than critical temperature.)Two(.Fluid of degree and critical pressure,It has a density close to the liquid#timeC and critical pressure +./Zero.1?2 +3.Both temperature and pressure,The dissolution capacity of a si

9、milar liquid is close to gas viscosity and diffusion velocity.The state above the above value is called the supercritical state or the supercritical phaseForty-fiveSixThis means that the supercritical fluid has a high mass transfer rate and.,The dissolution capacity depends entirely on the temperatu

10、re and the pressure has the connection,The ability to reach an extraction equilibrium soonThe density of the near liquid is close to the viscosity and diffusion velocity of the gas,There are many solvents for supercritical extraction, but some of the polar solvents with good solvent function are dif

11、ficult to industrialize, such as 89: explosive fluorine,Therefore, the utility model has the advantages of strong solubility, high permeation capacity and fast extraction speed,spot.Leon has been banned in sixth Century as a result of the destruction of the ozone layer 8;,At the same time, the compr

12、ession is very large.% 74 #SixThe pressure is shown in a density map,4#%Not only the critical temperature is higher, but also corrosive and toxic=,And now, supercritical carbon dioxide, one, 12# become the preferred industry,A small change in pressure or temperature can cause density of the fluidExt

13、ractant,.This is because,5:=,The critical state is easy to reach and no,Great changes have taken place.Especially within a certain rangeNineSixToxic tasteless nonflammable cheap and easily refining these characteristics of heat sensitive and easyThe oxidation of natural products is more attractive66

14、Seven,(;:.8 + factory Nine=Supercritical properties,/%,pressureAt different pressures and temperatures, as shown in the diagram.Minor changes in force and temperature will greatly change the density of the fluid,SongqihuangSong Zhaobin et alPrinciple and development trend of supercritical fluid extr

15、actionThe relationship between energy capacity and its density, that is, the influence of pressure and temperature changes on the solubility of supercritical fluid,.Supercritical flow,The body is selectively contacted with the material to be separated so as to selectively extract the bodyTwoTwo#Alph

16、afly#A component is then used to reduce the temperature of the supercritical fluid to ordinary gas, and the extracted substance is completely or basically precipitated from,(,BetaX!flyO,The #,#And achieve the purpose of separation and purification.DingBeta5. Yao Yao!SevenSupercritical fluid extracti

17、on process is basically composed of supercritical fluid extraction and extraction of solute solute and supercritical fluid separation of two parts according to the different separation methods can be divided into three different processes,Namely isothermal process, separation process, isobaric metho

18、d, separation process and adsorption processFigure 6= 5 (supercritical # Delta.4 /?,The advantages of separation technology are easy operation and simple process,OneShore isothermal curve,The energy consumption of low toxicity no residue it is especially suitable to the heat sensitive lipid soluble

19、1,Will lead to solute solubility occurring at several orders of magnitude of mutation 4?5:=,EExtraction of high boiling compounds, but it is difficult to extract water soluble compounds with strong polar compoundsAlpha.It is the use of this characteristic to separate substances,There is no phase cha

20、nge, so energy consumption is low.New development trend of supercritical extraction technologySupercritical fluid extraction is a comprehensive technology,Yes5 Yao5:=6 studies of molecular structure and intermolecular forces indicate that ,The dipole moment is zero polarization rate is 6 x,Seven!con

21、tinent#5:,One6! 13,1: 9And chemical and chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, thermodynamics and other knowledge and technology, is still in the stage of technical development,.The polarity increases with pressure, but not at the same time4?=Dissolution zoneIn recent years, research and deve

22、lopment of 4 / technology has attracted domestic and foreign,The performance is close to that of liquid paraffin and tolueneMolecule itselfA large number of scholars, foreign advanced fluid extraction separation technology developed rapidly,The structure and physical properties limit its solvent fun

23、ction, so it is only largeThe method of increasing amplitude, pressure and changing temperature can not be improved obviously= 5:Germany, the United States, Britain, Japan, Switzerland and other countries have done a lot of researchMany achievements have been made, and various feature extraction dev

24、ices have been introduced,The solubility parameter of solvent is the objective function #4?One.Together, there are the following developmentsAlphaSeven,.5:=A low polar lipophilic hydrocarbon of low molecular weight,Supercritical fluid extraction and separation technology and its application are stil

25、l developing,Compounds such as cool ether aldehyde lactone # exhibited excellent solubility for most inorganic salts with strong polarity such as sugar and amino acid protein # almost insoluble starch,Main stream,At present, the extraction of food, medicine, oils, spices and pigments is the most pop

26、ular.Strongly polar functional groupSecond, if applied in biological engineering, it can be extracted,A: 522; #; the introduction will make the solubility of the compound dropRemoval of toxic compounds and pesticides in biological substancesOrganic compounds such as residue or heavy oil deasphalting

27、The low polyhydric alcohol and a plurality of light Jisuoji polybasic aromatic compounds are insoluble in compression of the complexes is almost insoluble in polar solvents as.,5:Nine.Molecular weight exceeding?!,High polymer,The refining of materials and the removal of impurities in polymers can be

28、 extended to applicable, universal and cheap products,.Thus, when processing the polar natural substance, the process is changed4?Now the practical extraction device is continuously changing to series.,May be the most direct way.But onein addition,4 /?techniqueSome solvents with excellent functional

29、 polarity are difficult to industrialize. The common and practical methods are 4 solvents or entrainer.Now relativelyA combination of multiple unit operations will be a new developmentDirections such as supercritical fluid extraction and packed column or adsorption operationsOneTwelve=A small amount

30、 of polarity is added to it12,As another characteristic is that it has 5 #=Phi,The combination can be used for fine separation of different components, that is called ultraCritical extraction distillationAlphaSeven,Homogenization of strong alpha?,Liquid and supercritical States,=can.With many non po

31、lar solvents such as methanol and ethanol mixed solution of acetone and # due to polar solute and polar reagents may form some special points,SixDeveloping new application areasThe chemical process of supercritical fluid has been a very active research field in recent years, in addition to the super

32、critical fluid extraction and supercritical chemical reaction that supercritical water as reaction medium or as reactants in a chemical reaction,Sub forces such as gamma,Within4)Acid base force; hydrogen bond force; resultant force,# etc. so as to enhance the solute solubility and selectivity soThe

33、proper entrainer not only increases the solubility of the solute at 4, but also increases the solubility of the soluteAnd the extraction pressure can be obviously reduced6.Seven.The advantage is that the reaction can be combined with the recovery of the product,.Thereby, the reaction rate and yield

34、are increased, and the selectivity of reaction is improvedThe basic principle of supercritical fluid extractionThe supercritical fluid extraction process is the use of supercritical fluid dissolutionReduce the temperature of the reaction at high temperature.According to 45, whether the reaction is i

35、nvolved, the supercritical chemical reaction can be carried out,wide=eastturnwork,No.stageIt is divided into two categories: the reaction medium is in the supercritical state and the reactant is in the supercritical state,Based on the thermodynamical study is the current research of supercritical fl

36、uid phase equilibrium reaction especially on the physical and chemical properties of the modeling and Simulation of fluid under supercritical phase equilibrium of natural products,.In todays limited, supercritical chemical reactions,For example, the reaction medium is the solvent for the majority of

37、 supercritical fluidsThere are mainly few.1?Six,Water and n-hexane, n-hexane and other reactants for ultra.,The phase equilibrium, chemical equilibrium and transfer properties of the system are investigated.,Examples of such supercritical chemical reactions for critical fluids are relatively recent,

38、 and the study of supercritical chemical reactions is still in its infancy=,The study of state equations is mainly based on cubic equations, and the applicability of various state equations in the supercritical region is comparedImprovement.,Application of recent reports of cumene oxidation and este

39、rificationCoal desulfurization and coal catalytic supercritical extraction, as well as a variety of fineProduction of chemical productsOne.Some new methods are proposed in association theory and mixing rules.,as4) k)? A)?First of all, put forward the use of.4?And applies the statistical mechanics me

40、thod to the study of thermodynamics,5:=,A new type of acetic acid manufacturing technology, which is used as reactant and extractant, is also being applied in Biotechnology.Some important basic theoretical problems of supercritical chemical reactions need to be studied deeply,Art fully demonstrates

41、the potential advantages of supercritical chemical reaction technology4 /?,At present, more concentrated in some simplerThe model reaction should be strengthened for the supercritical reaction of the actual industrial reaction systemThe study of chemical reaction should also develop the reaction eng

42、ineering research of supercritical chemical reaction,.The increase is very suitable for the separation and extraction of biochemical products,And availableIn enzyme catalyzed reactions, cellulose hydrolysis, cell fragmentation and ultrafine particlesThe application of supercritical fluid in chemical

43、 reaction has emerged. ,The preparation within (?.,In addition, upsilon PhiSupercritical fluid was studiedOneExtraction of ammoniaThe horns herald the rise of new fields,Amino acidAlpha.Seven.Because supercritical fluid technology involves high-pressure technology, it should be paidDevelopment of su

44、percritical fluid chromatographyIndustrial applications also have a large number of engineering problems, such as the continuity of solid materialsOf # to be resolved so we should strengthen the basic theory of supercritical fluid.,In recent years, a lot of papers have been carried out on supercriti

45、cal fluid chromatography, including preparative chromatography analysis, chromatographic process analysis, and chromatographic analysisSupercritical fluid chromatography in capillary with # paper on the fixed,Investigate the design, selection, commercialization and practicability of the 4,Technology

46、 provides theoretical guidance and technical data to make 4 / technology continuously,Phase mixing, phase injection and detector were systematically studied.,Pre development.ginseng,TestSevenwritingAlpha alpha upsilon alpha alpha 1!SixofferSevenPreparative chromatography has been developed that can

47、be used to purify unsaturated fatty acids, especially for splitting optical isomers and causing widespread,Department of fine chemistry, Guangdong Institute of technology, Guangzhou Guangdong science and Technology PressSixSevenBasic production technology and application of fine cutting chemical ind

48、ustry=,!April,Attention based preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),Delta gamma 5;# technology in preparationLi Jiaofen et al(+3?,Chemical progress,#=# Pi?,AlphaUpsilonP.SevenHigh purity bioactive substances, especially proteins, show promising applications,I=,. D t, delta sigma 5,Upsilon!,#!,#.GammaTwo. TwoI t. ,ThreeSigma Omega,Seven. In addition,. = 3Upsilon.,!Alpha#=April!.,yearAprilA month #Supercritical fluid chromatography has been widely used in the analysis of amines, aromatic oils, opiates, and carbohydrates i