GRE 第04讲 填空[高教书苑]

1、GRE填空（2）分类解析 By Yunyang 1高级教育 因果关系 语义对应：原因、结果 原因与结果等价 标志词 明显因果关系词：because (of), for, as,since, in that, be due to, owing to, so, so that, hence, thus, therefore, thereby, as a result of, consequently, according to, and 2高级教育 因果关系 隐含因果关系词: 1. 导致: lead to, cause, render, engender, result in, give rise

2、 to, make, produce, support, stimulate, spur, spark, fuel, push, motivate, be responsible for, so.that., so as to. 2. 由而来：derive from, result from, come from, on the basis of, for the reason that, spring from,initiate from, originate from, be responsive to, attribute to 3. 反映，体现：reflect, present, po

3、rtray, bespeak, imply, underlying, suggest 3高级教育 因果关系 隐含因果关系词: 4. 考虑到：given, considering, on account of, in view of, by, by way of, rely on, resort to, according to 5. 条件关系词：if , when, while, once, as, as soon as, as long as 6. 分词短语、不定时、独立主格等表原因 4高级教育 因果关系 Congress is having great difficulty develop

4、ing a consensus on energy policy, primarily because the policy objectives of various members of Congress rest on such _assumptions. (A) Commonplace (B) Trivial (C) Explicit (D) Divergent (E) fundamental 5高级教育 因果关系 (A and B模式) He was regarded by his followers, as something of _, no t only because of

5、his insistence on strict discipline, but also b ecause of his _ adherence to formal details. Blank (i)Blank(ii) A martinetD conscientious B tyrantE rigid C acolyteF maniacal 6高级教育 The successful_ of an archaeological site requires scientific knowledge as well as cultural_. 因果关系 Blank (i)Blank(ii) A

6、evolutionD awareness B reconstructionE aesthetics C analysisF sensitivity 7高级教育 因果关系 The English novelist William Thackeray considered the cult of the criminal so dangerous that he criticized Dickens Oliver Twist for making the characters in the thieves kitchen so_. (A) Threatening (B) Riveting (C)

7、Conniving (D) Fearsome (E) Irritating 8高级教育 The question of (i) _ in photography has lately become nontrivial. Prices for vintage prints (those make by a photographer soon after he or she made the negative) so drastically (ii) _ in the 1990s that one of these photographs might fetch a hundred times

8、as much as a nonvintage print of the same image. It was perhaps only a matter of time before someone took advantage of the (iii) _ to peddle newly created “vintage” prints for profit. 因果关系 Blank (i)Blank(ii)Blank(iii) A forgeryD ballonedG discrepancy B influenceE weakenedH ambiguity C styleF variedI

9、 duplicity 9高级教育 因果关系 It was her view that the countrys problems had been _ by foreign technocrats, so that to invite them to come back would be counterproductive. (A) Ameliorated (B) Ascertained (C) Diagnosed (D) Exacerbated (E) Overlooked (F) Worsened 10高级教育 递进关系 让步转折和递进转折 语义对应元素：递进前项和递进后项 标志词 Eve

10、n, indeed, not only.but also, almost, not completely.however 11高级教育 递进关系 In the seventeenth century, direct flouting of a generally accepted system of values was regarded as _, even as a sign of madness. (A) Adventurous (B) frivolous (C) willful (D) impermissible (E) irrational 12高级教育 递进关系 Few of us

11、 take the pains to study our cherished convictions; indeed, we almost have a natural_ doing so. (A) Aptitude for (B) Repugnance to (C) Interest in (D) Ignorance of (E) Reaction after 13高级教育 递进关系 The macromolecule RNA is common to all living beings, and DNA, which is found in all organisms except som

12、e bacteria, is almost as _. (A) Comprehensive (B) fundamental (C) inclusive (D) universal (E) Significant (F) ubiquitous 14高级教育 递进关系 While not completely nonplussed by the unusually caustic responses from members of the audience, the speaker was nonetheless visibly _by their lively criticism. (A) Hu

13、miliated (B) discomfited (C) deluded (D) Disgraced (E) Tantalized 15高级教育 复指关系 语义对应：复指前项和复指后项 关键元素：continue, remain, 平行结构，分号，表同义的 并列连词（and/or） 注意否定和双重否定对语义的影响 16高级教育 复指关系 The First World War began in a context of jargon and verbal delicacy and continued in a cloud of _ as _as language and literature,

14、 skillfully used, could make it. Blank (i)Blank(ii) A clichD literal B euphemismE impenetrable C subjectivityF enthralling 17高级教育 复指关系 Although he attempted repeatedly to (i) _ her of her conviction of his insincerity, he was not successful; she remained (ii) _ in her judgment. Blank (i)Blank(ii) A

15、conviceD unfeigned B remindE adamant C disabuseF indulgent 18高级教育 It is refreshing to read a book about our planet by an author who does not allow facts to be _ by politics: well aware of the political disputes about the effects of human activities on climate and biodiversity, this author does not p

16、ermit them to _ his comprehensive description of what we know about our biosphere. He emphasizes the enormous gaps in our knowledge, the sparseness of our observations, and the _, calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood before we can accurately dia

17、gnose the condition of our planet. BLANK(i)BLANK(ii)BLANK(iii) A overshadowedD enhance G plausibility of our hypotheses B invalidatedE obscure H certainty of our entitlement C illuminatedF underscore I superficiality of our theories 复指关系 19高级教育 No other contemporary poets work has such a well-earned

18、 reputation for _, and there are few whose moral vision is so imperiously unsparing. Of late, however, the almost belligerent demands of his severe and densely forbidding poetry have taken an improbable turn. This new collection is the poets fourth book in six yearsan ample output even for poets of

19、sunny disposition, let alone for one of such _ over the previous 50 years. Yet for all his newfound _, his poetry is as thorny as ever. BLANK(i)BLANK(ii)BLANK(iii) (A) patent accessibility(D) penitential austerity(G) taciturnity (B) intrinsic frivolity(E) intractable prolixity(H) volubility (C) near

20、 impenetrability(F) impetuous prodigality (I) pellucidity 复指关系 20高级教育 修饰（解释）关系 语义对应：被修饰（解释）主体及修饰（解释）内容 标志词：分词短语、不定式短语、形容词短语、介词短语、 定语从句、同位语从句、冒号. 21高级教育 What readers most commonly remember about John Stuart Mills classic exploration of the liberty of thought and discussion concerns the danger of _: i

21、n the absence of challenge, ones opinions, even when they are correct, grow weak and flabby. Yet Mill had another reason for encouraging the liberty of thought and discussion: the danger of partiality and incompleteness. Since ones opinions, even under the best circumstances, tend to _, and because

22、opinions opposed to ones own rarely turn out to be completely _, it is crucial to supplement ones opinions with alternative points of view. BLANK(i)BLANK(ii)BLANK(iii) (A) tendentiousness (D) embrace only a portion of the truth(G) erroneous (B) complacency(E) change over time(H) antithetical (C) fra

23、ctiousness (F) focus on matters close at hand(I) immutable 修饰（解释）关系 22高级教育 修饰（解释）关系 Vaillant, who has been particularly interested in the means by which people attain mental health, seems to be looking for _answers: a way to close the book on at least a few questions about human nature. (A) Temporar

24、y (B) Confused (C) Definitive (D) Personal (E) Derivative 23高级教育 修饰（解释）关系 Vain and prone to violence, Caravaggio could not handle success: the more his _as an artist increased, the more _ his life became. Blank (i)Blank(ii) A temperanceD tumultuous B notorietyE providential C eminenceF dispassionate

25、 24高级教育 转折关系 语义对应：转折前项和转折后项 标志词 关键元素：(al)though, even though, albeit, despite, in spite of, however, but, yet, while, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, whatever 固定模式： 1. Although A_, B_ 2. Although A_X_, A_Y_ 25高级教育 Room acoustics design criteria are determined according to the ro

26、oms intended use. Music, for example, is best _ in spaces that are reverberant, a condition that generally makes speech less _ . Acoustics suitable for both speech and music can sometimes be created in the same space, although the result is never perfect, each having to be _ to some extent. BLANK(i)

27、BLANK(ii)BLANK(iii) A controlledD abrasiveG compromised B appreciatedE intelligibleH eliminated C employedF ubiquitousI considered 转折关系 26高级教育 Some paleontologists debate whether the diversity of species has _ since the Cambrian period, or whether imperfections in the fossil record only suggest grea

28、ter diversity today, while in actuality there has been either_ or decreased diversity. BLANK(i)BLANK(ii) A changedD escalation B increasedE stasis C declinedF deviation 转折关系 27高级教育 转折关系 Even in the business, where _ is part of everyday life, a talent for lying is not something usually found on ones

29、resume. (A) aspiration (B) mendacity (C) prevarication (D) insensitivity (E) baseness (F) avarice 28高级教育 转折关系 A restaurants menu is generally reflected in its decor; however, despite this restaurants _ appearance it is pedestrian in the menu it offers (A) elegant (B) tawdry (C) modern (D) traditiona

30、l (E) conventional (F) chic 29高级教育 对比关系 语义对应：两个对比项 关键元素 时间对比：before, until, since, previous, current, recently, now, today, yesterday, later, future, origin, begin, formerly, once, initially, pristine, erstwhile, hitherto, no longer, having done结构 结构对比：not.but., instead of, in contrast to, on the co

31、ntrary, far form. on the other hand, rather than, otherwise, unlike, not so much.as. 30高级教育 对比关系 动词逻辑关系对比：give way to, be challenged by, be discredited by, shift/decay/change/distinguish fromto, replace/reconcilewith, 动词+betweenand 特殊含义对比：paradoxical(ly), ironical(ly), unexpected(ly) 反义词直接对比：encourage/discourage, active/dormant 31高级教育 对比关系 The popularity of pseudoscience and quack medicines in the nineteenth century suggests that people were very_, but the gullibility of the public today makes citizens of yesterday look like hard-nosed _. Blank (i)Blank(ii) A cautiousD prag