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1、职称英语综合类b级真题2016年(总分:100.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、第1部分:词汇选项(总题数:15,分数:15.00)1.allhouseswithin100metresoftheseasareatriskofflooding.(分数:1.00)a.indangerb.outofcontrolc.betweenequalsd.inparticular解析:解析本句意思:海边100米之内的房屋都有遭遇洪水的危险。atriskof意思是“冒着的危险”,与indangerof(处于的危险中)意思相近。outofcontrol失去控制;betweenequals平等地;inparticul

2、ar尤其,特别。2.thecoursegivesyoubasicinstructionincarmaintenance.(分数:1.00)a.ideab.termc.aspectd.coaching解析:解析本句意思:这一课程教你汽车保养的基本知识。instruction意思是“指导,使用说明”,与coaching(指导)意思相近。idea想法,概念;term术语,学期;aspect方面,形式。3.weareawareofthepotentialproblems.(分数:1.00)a.possibleb.globalc.ongoingd.central解析:解析本句意思:我们意识到潜在的问题。

3、potential意思是“潜在的,可能存在的”,与possible(可能的)意思相近。global全球的;ongoing不间断的,持续存在的;central中心的。4.stockmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.(分数:1.00)a.regulatedb.increasedc.felld.maintained解析:解析本句意思:有谣言称利率上涨,股票市场价格因此暴跌。tumble意思是“暴跌,下跌”,与fall(下跌,下降)意思相近。regulate调节,调控;increase增加,上涨;maintain保持。5.thereve

4、lationofhispastledtohisresignation.(分数:1.00)a.imaginationb.confirmationc.recalld.disclosure解析:解析本句意思:对他过往行为的揭发导致了他的辞职。revelation意思是“揭露,泄露,透露”,与disclosure(披露,揭发)意思相近。imagination想象力;confirmation确认,证实;recall回忆,回想起,召回。6.thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.(分数:1.00)a.realb.outstandingc.creatived.f

5、alse解析:解析本句意思:服装道具的细节十分逼真。authentic意思是“真实的,逼真的”,与real(真实的)意思相近。outstanding杰出的,突出的;creative富有创造力的;false错误的,假的。7.thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.(分数:1.00)a.haircutb.pursec.clothesd.necklace解析:解析本句意思:这身新衣服很适合她。garment意思是“服装,衣服”,与clothes(衣服)意思相近。haircut理发,发型;purse女式钱包;necklace项链,吊坠。8.weareworriedaboutthis

6、fluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.(分数:1.00)a.stableb.suitablec.changeabled.adaptable解析:解析本句意思:我们很担心这个充满未知的动荡局势。fluid意思是“流动的,不稳定的”,与changeable(变化的,不稳定的)意思相近。stable稳定的,牢固的;suitable合适的;adaptable可适应的,适应性强的。9.theideaquitebrilliant.(分数:1.00)a.positiveb.keyc.originald.clever解析:解析本句意思:这是个好主意。brilliant意思是“绝妙

7、的,有才智的”,与clever(巧妙的,聪明的)意思相近。positive积极的,肯定的;key关键的;original原本的,最初的。10.theyhavebuiltcanalstoirrigatethedesert.(分数:1.00)a.decorateb.changec.waterd.visit解析:解析本句意思:他们修筑运河以灌溉荒漠。irrigate意思是“灌溉”,与water(浇灌,浇水)意思相近。decorate装饰;change改变,变化;visit参观,访问。11.heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.(分数:1

8、.00)a.disabledb.pupilc.babyd.teenager解析:解析本句意思:她整体语言水平仍停留在幼儿时期。toddler意思是“刚学走路的孩子,幼儿”,与baby(婴幼儿)意思相近。disabled残疾的;pupil学生;teenager青少年。12.thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.(分数:1.00)a.warmb.severec.hardd.dry解析:解析本句意思:沿海地区冬季温和,但中部平原地区冬季则十分寒冷。mild意思是“温暖的,温和的”,与warm(温暖

9、的)意思相近。severe严峻的,严重的;hard困难的,坚硬的;dry干燥的。13.thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.(分数:1.00)a.fearb.joyc.hurtd.memory解析:解析本句意思:恐惧症可能来源于儿童时期的心灵创伤。trauma意思是“精神上的创伤,痛苦经历”,与hurt(伤害,痛苦)意思相近。fear恐惧,担心;joy喜悦,快乐;memory记忆,回忆。14.youllhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.(分数:1.00)a.jumpb.runc.escaped.prepare

10、解析:解析本句意思:如果你想赶上火车,就快跑吧!sprint意思是“冲刺,快速奔跑”,与run(奔跑)意思相近。jump跳跃;escape逃跑,逃脱;prepare准备。15.jensenisadangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.(分数:1.00)a.carelessb.strongc.crueld.hard解析:解析本句意思:詹森是个很危险的人,他有时候会很野蛮。brutal意思是“野蛮的,残暴的”,与cruel(残忍的)意思相近。careless粗心大意的;strong强壮的,有力的;hard困难的,坚硬的。二、第2部分:阅读判断(总题数:1,分数:7.00)t

11、imetostoptravelingbyairtwenty-fiveyearsagoayoungbritishmancalledmarkellinghamdecidedthathewantedachangeofscenery.sohewenttoaustralia,stoppingoffinmanycountriesinbetween.healsodecidedtowriteabouttheexperienceandproducedaguideforothertravelersmakingsimilarjourneys.in1970,britishairportswereusedby32mil

12、lionpeople.in2004,thefigurewas216million.in2030,accordingtogovernmentforecasts,itwillbearound500million.itsagrowthdrivenbytheemergenceoflowcostairlines,offeringaccesstoallpartsoftheworldforlessthan100.thishasmadeahugecontributiontoglobalwarming.onereturnflightfrombritaintotheusproducesthesamecarbond

13、ioxide(二氧化碳)asayearsmotoring(驾车).areturnflighttoaustraliaequalstheemissions(排放)ofthreeaveragecarsforayear.andthepollutionisreleasedataheightwhereitseffectonclimatechangeismorethandoublethatontheground.markellinghambuilthisbusinessonhelpingpeopletravel.nowhewantstohelppeoplestopatleastbyair.heiscalli

14、ngfor100greentaxonallflightstoeuropeandafrica,and250onflightstotherestoftheworld.healsowantsinvestmenttocreatealow-carboneconomy,aswellasahalttoairportexpansion.markellinghamscommitmentisimportantbecausehisreadersarentjustthesortofyoungandadventurouspeoplewhowouldhappilyjumponaplanetospendaweekendex

15、ploringaforeignculture.theyarealsothesortofpeoplewhosaytheycareabouttheenvironment.itsadebatethatsplitspeopledownthemiddle.thetouristindustryhasrespondedbyofferingoffsetting(补偿)schemes.asmallincreaseinthepriceofaticketisusedtoplanttrees.butcriticssaythatitisnotenoughtojustbecarbonneutral.weshouldbea

16、ctivelycuttingbackonputtinggreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.andfortheaverageperson,makingaplanejourneywillbehisorherlargestcontributiontoglobalwarming.itmaybegoodtorepairthedamagewedo.butsurelyitisbetternottodothedamageinthefirstplace.(分数:7.00)(1).markellinghamspentquiteafewdaysinchinaonhiswaytoaust

17、ralia25yearsago.(分数:1.00)a.rightb.wrongc.notmentioned解析:解析本句意思:25年前马克艾林汉姆去澳大利亚的途中在中国停留了好几天。由第一段“twenty-fiveyearsagoayoungbritishmancalledmarkellinghamdecidedthathewantedachangeofscenery.sohewenttoaustralia,stoppingoffinmanycountriesinbetween.”可知,markellingham去澳大利亚的途中曾在许多国家停留,但并未提及中国,事实不可知,故选c。(2).tr

18、avelingfrombritaintoanyotherpartoftheworldmaycostyoulessthan100.(分数:1.00)a.rightb.wrongc.notmentioned解析:解析本句意思:从英国到世界上任何地方旅游花费不超过100英镑。由第二段最后一句“itsagrowthdrivenbytheemergenceoflowcostairlines,offeringaccesstoallpartsoftheworldforlessthan100.”可知,越来越多的人喜欢乘飞机出行,得益于便宜的旅行价格从英国到世界上的任何地方花费都不超过100英镑。题干叙述正确,

19、故选a。(3).aroundtripflightfrombritaintoaustraliaproducesthesameamountofcarbondioxideasthreeaveragecarsdoinayear.(分数:1.00)a.rightb.wrongc.notmentioned解析:解析本句意思:从英国到澳大利亚往返飞行所产生的二氧化碳量与三辆普通小汽车一年内的排放量是一样的。由第三段第三句话“areturnflighttoaustraliaequalstheemissionsofthreeaveragecarsforayear.”可知,返航到澳大利亚所产生的二氧化碳排放量等于

20、三辆普通小汽车一年的排放量,而不是往返的航班。题干叙述错误,故选b。(4).markellinghamhasneverhesitatedtoencouragepeopletotravelbyair.(分数:1.00)a.rightb.wrongc.notmentioned解析:解析本句意思:马克艾林汉姆从来都是毫不犹豫地鼓励人们坐飞机出行。由文章第四段“markellinghambuilthisbusinessonhelpingpeopletravel.nowhewantstohelppeoplestopatleastbyair.”可知,马克艾林汉姆曾经给那些旅行者提供建议,这也是他所做的生意

21、,但是现在他希望人们能不乘飞机出行。说明他希望为环境保护出力,而且下文也提到他以实际行动提倡低碳出行。题干叙述错误,故选b。(5).markellinghamsreadersarenotinterestedinenvironmentalprotection.(分数:1.00)a.rightb.wrongc.notmentioned解析:解析本句意思:马克艾林汉姆的读者并不对环境保护感兴趣。由文章第六段第一、二句话中的“hisreadersarentjustthesortofyoungandadventurouspeoplewhowouldhappilyjumpnoaplanetospendaw

22、eekendexploringaforeignculture.theyarealsothesortofpeoplewhosaytheycareabouttheenvironment.”可知,他的读者并不是那些高高兴兴坐飞机到国外旅游的年轻人,相反地,他们也很关注环境保护。题干叙述错误,故选b。(6).criticsarguethatthebestwaytoprotectourenvironmentisnottodoanydamagetoit.(分数:1.00)a.rightb.wrongc.notmentioned解析:解析本句意思:批评家认为保护环境的最好办法是不破坏环境。由文章最后一段最后

23、两句话“itmaybegoodtorepairthedamagewedo.butsurelyitisbetternottodothedamageinthefirstplace.”可知,弥补造成的损害是很好,但是最好一开始就不要破坏环境。题干叙述正确,故选a。(7).markellinghamwillcollaboratewiththecriticsinhiseffortstofightglobalwarming.(分数:1.00)a.rightb.wrongc.notmentioned解析:解析本句意思:马克艾林汉姆将与批评家们合作,抵抗全球变暖。文章最后只提到了一些批评家的看法:光是保持碳平

24、衡是不够的。但并未提及马克艾林汉姆将与他们合作,故选c。三、第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(总题数:1,分数:8.00)tunguskaevent1ahundredyearsagothisweek,agiganticexplosionripped(撕裂)openthedawnskyaboveaforestinwesternsiberia,leavingascientificriddlethatendurestothisday.2adazzlinglightpiercedtheheavens,followedbyashockwaveasstrongas1,000atomicbombs.theexp

25、losionflattened80milliontreesacrossanareaof2,000squarekilometers.thefireballwassogreatthat,adaylater,londonerscouldreadtheirnewspapersunderthenightsky.whatcausedtheso-calltunguskaevent,namedafterthenearbypodkamennayatunguskariver,stillremainsamystery.(3expertssuspectitwasarockthat,aftertravelinginsp

26、aceformillionsofyears,wasdestinedtocrashtoearthatexactly7:17a.monjune30,1908.thispossibilityworriesscientists.imagineanunspottedasteroid小行星)hittingasignificantchunk块)ofland.andimagineifthatarea,unliketunguska,werepopulated,thebritishsciencejournalnaturecommentedrecently.(4butnofragmentsoftherockhave

27、everbeenfound.findingsuchevidencewouldbeimportant,foritwouldincreaseourknowledgeabouttheriskposedbydangerousnearearthobjects(neos),sayitalianresearcherslucagasperini,enricobonattiandgiuseppelongo.whenthenexttunguskaneoapproaches,scientistswillhavetodecidewhethertotrytodeflect使偏转)itorblowitupinspace.

28、5however,severalrivaltheoriesforthetunguskaeventexist.wolfgangkundt,aprofessoratgermanysbonnuniversity,believesthetunguskaeventwascausedbyamassiveescapeof10milliontonsofmethane(甲烷)-richgasfromdeepwithinearthscrust.somepeopleholdthattheexplosionwascausedbyanalienspaceshipcrash,orablackholeintheuniver

29、se.(分数:8.00)(1).paragraph21a.competingexplanationsb.unknownattacksc.mysteriousexplosiond.starware.importanceoffindingevidencef.explanationthatworriesscientists(分数:1.00)解析:c解析第二段主要描述了通古斯爆炸事件的场面以及之所以这样命名的原因。至今为止,人们都未解开爆炸之谜。故选c。(2).paragraph31(分数:1.00)解析:f解析第三段主要介绍了专家们怀疑引起爆炸的原因是陨石撞击地球,并且他们很担心类似事件发生在人口密

30、集的区域。故选f。(3).paragraph41(分数:1.00)解析:e解析第四段首先提到,科学家们没有找到“陨石”的任何碎屑,接着又说找到证据就能加深人们对近地天体的认识与了解。本段主要强调找到爆炸事件证据的重要性,故选e。(4).paragraph51(分数:1.00)解析:a解析第五段提到对通古斯爆炸事件的其他解释,有些科学家认为是大量富甲烷气体从地壳中逃离引起的,有些则认为是外星人的飞船撞击造成的,各种意见争执不下,故选a。(5).thegiganticexplosionthatoccurredahundredyearsago1.a.hasremainedapuzzleb.lacks

31、sufficientevidencec.isauniversityprofessord.wasgeneratedbytheexplosione.willkillmanyanimalsf.arcattackedbyaliens(分数:1.00)解析:a解析本句意思:一百年前发生的这场大爆炸-|_|-。由文章第一段“ahundredyearsagothisweek,agiganticexplosionrippedopenthedawnskyaboveaforestinwesternsiberia,leavingascientificriddlethatendurestothisday.”可知,这场

32、一百年前的大爆炸破坏力巨大,即便到今天仍旧是个谜,riddle对应选项a中的puzzle。故选a。(6).theshockwavewhichfollowedthedazzlinglight1.(分数:1.00)解析:d解析本句意思:随着闪光而来的冲击波-|_|-。根据文章第二段对爆炸场面的描述“adazzlinglightpiercedtheheavens,followedbyashockwaveasstrongas1,000atomicbombs.”司知,闪光和冲击波都是大爆炸造成的。故选d。((7).thehypothesisthattheexplosionwascausedbyarock

33、collidingwiththeearth1.分数:1.00)解析:b解析本句意思:爆炸是由陨石撞击地球造成的假设-|_|-。根据第四段中科学家们未找到“陨石”的任何碎屑可知,这项假设缺乏足够证据。故选b。(8).wolfgangkundt,whohasdevelopedanalternativetheory,1.(分数:1.00)解析:c解析本句意思:提出了另一个理论的沃尔夫冈孔特-|_|-。文章第五段出现该人名,根据“wolfgangkundt,aprofessoratgermanysbonnuniversity”可知,他是德国波恩大学的一位教授,故选c。四、第4部分:阅读理解(总题数:0

34、,分数:0.00)五、第一篇(总题数:1,分数:15.00)sportsstaryaomingifyaomingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.at2.26m,heisthetallestplayerinthenationalbasketballassociation(nba)andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringolympianevertocompeteinthegames.(butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterish

35、iscelebrity名气).few,ifany,chineseathletesareaswell-knownasyaoaroundtheworld.peopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithyao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess(杰出的才能)butalsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.(whenyaojoinedthehoustonrocketsastheno.1pickinthe2002nbadraft选拔),hewasthe(firstinternationalplayereve

36、rtobeselectedfirst.hisassetsonthecourtareclearenoughnonbaplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful(难对付的人)foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.butwhatmakesyaoinvaluabletotherocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinchina.whenitwasannounc

37、edinfebruarythatyaowouldmisstherestofthenbaseasonandpossiblytheolympicswithastressfracture骨折)inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder震动)spreadacrosschina.afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhisoverburdenedfoot

38、moresupport.thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithteamchina,yaohasvowedtobereadyforthebeijingolympics.yaowrappedupa10-daytriptochina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalchinesemedicine(tcm)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocess

39、.westernexpertsaregenerallyskepticaloftcmsbenefits,althoughnewresearchfromtheuniversityofrochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair.thereisnoreasontodismisstcm,yaotoldapressconferenceinbeijing.itsbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.idontthinkthatitsshor

40、tonscience.(分数:15.00)(1).thewordtoweringinparagraph1means_.(分数:3.00)a.largeb.fatc.talld.great解析:解析词义猜测题。由第一段“ifyaomingisnotthebiggestspotsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.”(如果姚明不是世界上最闪耀的球星,那他一定是最高的那个)可知,姚明的身高很突出,是奥运会参赛运动员的一项纪录,而且第一段都在强调他的身高。另外,根据“tower(塔)”一词也可猜测联想到“towering(像塔一样)高耸的”。故选c

41、。(2).opponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolyaomingbecauseofhis_.(分数:3.00)a.mobilityb.assaultc.defensed.celebrity解析:解析事实细节题。由文章第三段第二句“hisassetsonthecourtareclearenoughnonbaplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandfulforopponentsoneitherendofthecourt.”可知,姚明在场上的优势很明显,没有哪个和他身高一样的nba球星有这样的灵活性

42、,所以他才会让对手觉得很难对付。故选a。(3).yaominghadtoundergoaseriesoftcmtreatmentsbecause_.(分数:3.00)a.hisrightfoothadbeenhurtingb.hewantedtomakeamorerapidrecoveryc.thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailured.hecouldntaffordallthemedicalexpenses解析:解析事实细节题。由文章第五段第一句中的“heunderwentaseriesoftraditionalchinesemedicine(tcm)treatm

43、ents,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocess”可知,姚明接受一系列传统中医治疗,是为了加快脚伤的恢复过程。故选b。(4).whichstatementaboutyaomingisnottrue?(分数:3.00)a.hemissedtheathensolympics.b.heisannbaplayer.c.hefracturedhisleftfoot.d.heisaninternationalfigure.解析:解析事实判断题。根据第一段第二句话中的“heisthetallestplayerinthenationalbasketballassociatio

44、n(nba)”可知,姚明是nba球员,故b正确;根据第三段最后一句话中的“whatmakesyaoinvaluabletotherocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizen”可知,姚明对于火箭队的价值就在于他是全球范围内的名人,故d正确;根据第四段第一句话中的“yaowouldmisstherestofthenbaseasonandpossiblytheolympicswithastressfractureinhisleftfoot”可知,他左脚骨折,故c也正确。而且他错过的是剩下的nba赛季,可能错过的是北京奥运会,并不是说他错过了雅典奥运会。故本

45、题选a。(5).ingeneral,thewesternexpertsattitudetowardstcmis_.(分数:3.00)a.indifferentb.positivec.negatived.doubtful解析:解析事实细节题。由文章第五段第二句“westernexpertsaregenerallyskepticaloftcmsbenefits”可知,他们对中医治疗方法广泛持怀疑态度,skeptical和选项d中的doubtful是同义词,故选d。六、第二篇(总题数:1,分数:15.00)medicineawardkicksoffnobelprizeannouncementstwo

46、scientistswhohavewonpraiseforresearchintothegrowthofcancercellscouldbecandidatesforthenobelprizeinmedicinewhenthe2008winnersarepresentedonmonday,kickingoffsixdaysofnobelannouncements.(australian-bornuscitizenelizabethblackburnandamericancarolgreiderhavealreadywonaseriesofmedicalhonorsfortheirenzyme酶

47、)researchandexpertssaytheycouldbeamongthefront-runnersforanobel.(amongthepairspossiblerivalsarefrenchmanpierrechambonandamericansronaldevansandelwoodjensen,whoopenedupthefieldofstudyingproteinscallednuclearhormonereceptors受体).asusual,thetight-lippedawardcommitteeisgivingnohintsaboutwhoisintherunning

48、beforepresentingitsdecisioninanewsconferenceatstockholmskarolinskainstitute.alfrednobel,theswedewhoinventeddynamite(炸),establishedtheprizesinhiswillinthecategoriesofmedicine,physics,chemistry,literatureandpeace.theeconomicsprizeistechnicallynotanobelbuta1968creationofswedenscentralbank.nobelleftfewi

49、nstructionsonhowtoselectwinners,butmedicinewinnersaretypicallyawardedforaspecificbreakthroughratherthanabodyofresearch.hansjornvall,secretaryofthemedicineprizecommittee,saidthe10millionkronor(瑞典克朗)(us$1.3million)prizeencouragesgroundbreakingresearchbuthedidnotthinkwinningitwastheprimary,goalforscientists.individualresearchersprobablydontlookatthemselvesaspotentialnobelprizewinnerswhentheyreatwork,jornvalltoldtheassociatedpress.theygettheir

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