牛津高中英语模块六Unit1-4语言点

1、 牛津高中英语模块六语言点unit 1laughter is good for you一、 reading1. stand up for sth: 支持，维护 we should strive to stand up for our right.2. stage: n. 舞台，阶段，时期be on the stage: 在舞台上；当演员，登台表演go on the stage: 上舞台，当演员on stage: 在舞台上at a early stage: 在早期 one minute on the stage and ten years of practice off the stage. s

2、he wanted to go on the stage from an early age.他从小就相当演员。 we watched them from afar, and admired them only on screen and on stage.我们远远的注视他们，只能通过荧屏或舞台钦慕他们的风采。 the babies develop quickly at an early stage.3. variety: n. (1) 变化，多样性 ua life lacking variety.(2) 种类，各种各样a variety of sth:各种各样的varieties of st

3、h: he left for a variety of reasons. in the green grocers the varieties of goods in this supermarket are rich.4. behave well / badly: 行为表现好坏 there are varieties of 菜 greens 市场里.有各种各样的蔬菜。behave oneself: 行为表现好 he behaves badly all the time. children, please behave yourself.5. tease sb / make fun of sb

4、: 取笑，嘲弄don ttake what he said seriously, she is just teasing you.6. trip over sth: 被 绊倒别拿他的话当真，他只是在取笑你。trip sth (up): 绊倒 she tripped over a cat and fell down. he tried to trip me but in vain.7. get one s start: 挣得第一桶金howl with laughter: 哈哈大笑he got his start in the business and howled with laughter.8

5、. have affection for sth: 喜爱，钟爱he has great affection for his work.9. later on: 后来，过些时候10. such: adj. 那样的，这样的，如此的such 与数词或不定代词 any ， some ， all ， no 等连用时放在它们之后；与不定冠词连用时，放在不定代词之前。例如： there is no such thing as a free lunch. you gave me such a flight.11. live: adj. & adv. 现场直播的地1- a live program. the c

6、oncert was broadcast live on tv. he looks well over 40. 他看上去远远地超过 40 岁。二、 word power有关笑的谚语1. laugh one s head off: 大笑不止2. smile on sb: 有利于，垂青，带来好运笑到最后，笑得最好1. participate in sth: 参加，参与 participation: pa: ?tisi pei?n n. u 参加，参与 (in)participant: pa: ?tisi p?nt n. 参加者，参与者 the whole class are participati

7、ng the discussion. we want more participation in the decision-making process.2. drive sb away: 赶跑 drive (sb) off: 驾车离开；赶走击退drive sth up: 迫使 上涨 your anger will drive him away. after the accident, the other car drove off. we keep dogs in the yard to drop off the intruders(非法闯入者 ).guarantee to do sth:

8、保证做 .guarantee that: 保证 .guarantee sb sth: 保证某人 guarantee your safety / your debt. 保证你的安全 担保你的债务 we guarantee to deliver the package within one week. these days getting a degree( 学位 ) will guarantee you a good job. the radio is guaranteed for a year. 收音机保修一年。(2) n. 保修单期；保证；担保（物）there is no guarantee

9、 that: 无法保证 不一定 there is no guarantee that it will be a nice weather tomorrow.4. instruct: vt. 命令，指示；传授，告知instruction: n. 命令，指示；传授，使用说明instructive: adj. 有教育意义的，启发性的instruct sb to do sth: 命令指示某人做 instruct sb in sth: 传授某人 instruct (sb) that: 告知某人 i have instructed him to keep the door locked.2- all ou

10、r staff have been instructed in sign language. we are instructed by our client that you owe them ?300.我们所有的员工都被教授了手语。我们的委托人通知我们说你欠他们300 英镑。5. take on sb / sth: 雇佣；呈现；承担 takeon some staff. 雇佣一些员工 take on apuzzled look. 呈现困惑的神色take on a challenging task. 承担挑战性的任务6. move on to (doing) sth: 开始做 ；换话题can

11、we move on to a new topic?7. polish: n. (1) 上光剂，鞋油 (2) 优雅 (3) 磨光，擦亮 c you should use wax polish on wooden furniture.你应该在木制家具上打上蜡。四年的大学给了她更多的优雅。 four years of college gave her considerable polish. give your shoes a polish. 把你的鞋子擦一下。 vt. polish sth (up) : 磨光，擦亮 polish sth up: 改善提高 polish sth off: 迅速做完

12、 polish (up) the table. will you polish up this article a bit before we send it to the printer?在这篇文章付印以前，请把它修改一下好吗？ we can polish the job off with the help of the new computer.四、 project1. as if 从句省略如果 as if 引导的从句和主句的主语一致，同时从句中含有动词。剩余部分为名词、形容词、介词短语、分词或不定式等。据上下文判断。例如：be 的适当形式，可以省略从句的主语和as if 引导的从句是否为

13、虚拟语气，要根be he behaved as if (he was) a fool. the old man lay there as if (he was) dead. ruby( 鲁比 ) glanced about as if (she was) in search of something. john paused as if (he was ) expecting mary to speak. they opened their eyes wide as (they were) shocked by the sudden appearance of the lost boy. th

14、e man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the rightdirection. （ 2003 ，北京春）a. seeingb. having seenc. to have seend. to see答案为 d。2. (page 14, line 21) mind if i sit down?这是个省略句，完整的句子为 would you mind if i sit down?3. please do: 好吧，请吧。 would you mind my opening the do

15、or? _.a. yes, open itb. no, you wouldn tc. no, go aheadd. yes, please do(答案为 c)4. make room for sth: 为 腾出地方please put away these books and make room for the piano.5. dash: vi. 急奔，猛冲n. 急奔，猛冲；短跑；破折号dash sth off: 匆忙完成 an ambulance dashed to the scene of the accident.救护车风驰电掣地赶往事故现场。 she dashed off a let

16、ter to her mother.她给母亲匆匆写了一封信。3- he made a dash for the bus. 他猛冲过去追赶汽车。 he finished first in the 100-meter dash. 他在 100 米短跑中得了第一名。6. tear: (tore, torn) vt. 撕，扯tear sth to pieces:把, 撕成碎片tear sth apart:tear sth open: 撕拆开 the contract( 合同 ) lay on the ground, torn to pieces. he torn the letter open and

17、 found a bill of 50 yuan.7. burst: (burst, burst)(1) vi. 猛冲；突然出现；爆裂burst in: 突然闯入burst into sth:突然 起来burst out doing: burst into tears / burst out crying: 突然大哭起来 burst into laughter / burst out laughing: burst into flames: 突然起火突然大笑起来(2) n. 突发，迸发；爆炸；裂口a burst in the water pipea sudden burst of danger

18、: 怒火的迸发unit 2 what is happiness to you一、 reading1. be surrounded by / with sth: 被 包围环绕surrounding: adj. ( 作定语 ) 附近的，周围的surroundings: n. 环境，周围的事物 the house was surrounded by high walls and green trees. the surrounding area is known for its beautiful views. animals in zoos are not in their natural sur

19、roundings.动物园中的动物没有自然环境。2. times: n. 时代，时期，日子in modern times:在现代times are hard for me. 我的日子很难。3. by: 到 时间为止by + 现在时间 , 主句用现在完成时by + 过去时间 , 主句用过去完成时by + 将来时间 , 主句用将来完成时 by this week, we have accomplished 2 projects. by the time he realized his view was wrong, he had nearly finished his essay. he will

20、 have been in the army for 10 years by next june.4. apart: adj. & adv.(1) ( 时间、空间上 )相隔，相距 the two houses stand 500m apart. the birthday is only 3 days apart.(2) 分离（的）；分开（的）；破裂（的）tell sth apart: 区分开 fall apart: vi. 崩溃，瓦解，散架live apart from sb: 与 分开住4- i can t tell the twins apart. when his wife left h

21、im, his world just fall apart. we are living apart from our parents.5. apart from sth: (1) (=except) 除 以外 (2) (=besides) 除 以外也 all the articles are good apart from this one. apart from their houses in london, they also have a villa(别墅 ) in spain.6. cost sb sth: 使某人付出 the meal cost me 10 dollars. the

22、 scandal( 丑闻 ) cost the girl her career.7. rush sb to sth: 把 急送 in a rush: 匆忙地 the patient was rushed to the airport by the ambulance. those words came out in a rush.8. spirits: n. 精神，情绪，心境in high spirits:情绪高昂情绪低落in low / poor spirits:the achievements put us in high spirits.9. appreciation: n. u (1)

23、 感激 (2) 欣赏；鉴定(3) 理解in appreciation of sth: 以感激 he showed his appreciation for our work. please accept this gift in appreciation of your help. she showed little appreciation of good music.她感受不到美好音乐的好处。10. cry over / about sth: 因为 哭泣cry over spilt milk: 作于事无补的担忧。 as the saying goes, “it s no use cryin

24、gerovspilt milk ”. it s stupid to cry over something unimportant.11. adapt: v. 适应；改编adaptation: , ?d?p te?n n. 适应，改编（本）adapt to sth: 适应 adapt oneself to sth: 使某人（自己）适应 adapt a script. 改编剧本 our eyes soon adapted to the dark. she adapted herself to the climate.我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗。12. go after sth: 追赶；追求，谋求

25、he went after the burglars. 他追赶那些盗贼。 he goes after every woman he meets. we are both going after the same job.我们俩都谋求得到这份工作。13. heart and soul: adv. 全心全意地we must serve the people heart and soul.14. advocate: vt. 主张，提倡；拥护advocate (doing) sth:advocate that: do you advocate banning cars in the city cent

26、er?5- 二、 grammar1. accompany: vt. (1) 陪伴，陪同 (2) 为 伴奏accompaniment: ?k?mp?nim?nt n. (1)伴奏 (2) 伴随物，配料accompanist: ?k?mp?nist n. 伴奏者accompany sb / keep sb company: 陪伴 to the accompaniment of sb: accompanied by his mother, the boy visited many places of interests.在 伴奏下这位歌唱家由他妹妹钢琴伴奏。她在一片欢呼声中离开了舞台。3. to o

27、ne s relief: 使 .宽慰的是to our great relief, the children all arrived home safely. it s getting late; wed better turn and make for 天 home 晚了.，我们最好折回家把。 i will leave for the airport this afternoon.5. feel caught between sth: 在 之间感到左右为难i felt caught between further study and looking for a job when graduat

28、ing from university.6. it feels like + 从句 : 似乎，感觉好像 we just met a couple of days ago, but it feels like we have known each other for a lifetime.我们几天前才认识，但感觉好像认识了很久。7. quit: (quit, quit / quitted, quitted) vt. & vi.辞去；停止，离开quit doing sth: 停止做 quit school: 辍学quit one s job: 辞职quit smoking:戒烟 he got hi

29、s present job when he quit / quitted the army.他退伍后得到现在这份工作。 if i don t get a pay ,riseiwill quit.三、 project1. ahead of sth: (1) 在 前面 (2)比 先进，领先 directly ahead of us is the royal palace.我们正前方就是皇宫。 she was always well ahead of the rest of the class.她远远领先班级的其他人。2. at this point: 在这时，在这一点at that point:

30、在那时，在那一点 do you have any questions at this point? at that point the road dips into a valley. 在那一点，那条路直向山谷伸展。3. (page 30, line 10) all i had to do was go to school.主语部分含有实义动词 do 的适当形式，作表语的不定式常常省略to.what she wants to do is (to) go home and have a good rest.4. feel like sth: 摸起来像 . ；感觉像是 feel like doin

31、g sth: 想要做 feel like + 从句 : 感觉好像 (like 此时等于 as if 或 as though) this kind of cloth feels like silk. i don t feel like cooking, let我 seat 不想 out 做饭.，我们出去吃吧。 i feel like i am going to be sick. 我觉得我好想要病了。 if felt like a great weight had been lifted from us. 我们如释重负。5. (page 31, lines 8- 10) humans will h

32、ave leant to fix many of the problems6- (1) will have done: 将会做过 . (将来完成时 )we will have taken 5 exams by next friday.(2) fix / solve sth: 解决 fix a problem.陪伴，和他人在一起6. company: n. ukeep sb company / accompany sb: 陪伴某人enjoy one s company: 享受 的陪伴；喜欢和 在一起in company with sb: i ll stay here and keep you c

33、ompany. 我留下来陪你。和 一起 i enjoy his company when i am have free time.我闲时喜欢和他在一起。 tom, in company with many others, feel this decision was wrong.汤姆，还有许多人，都认为这个决定是错误的。一、 reading1. hug: vt. (hugged; hugging) 拥抱n. 拥抱 give sb a hug = hug sb jane threw her arms and hugged him tight. paul gave me a hug and smi

34、led.2. cultural differences: 文化差异cultural shock: 文化冲突3. ensure sth / that 从句 : 确保，保证 ensure sb sth: 保证某人 thi s medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep.4. prohibit: vt. (prohibited; prohibiting) 禁止prohibit sb from doing sth:forbid sb from doing sth:禁止某人做 forbid sb to do sth:ban sb from doing sth

35、: prohibition: ,pr ?uhi?bi?n n. (1) u 禁止，阻止(2) c 禁令，禁律 the law prohibits tobacconists from selling cigarettes to children.法律禁止烟贩向儿童出售香烟。 he was forbidden to talk to her. she has been banned from driving for six months. they voted in favor of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成禁止在公共场合抽烟

36、。 a prohibition against the sale of firearms.禁止出售火器的禁令。5. adjust: vt. & vi. 适应，习惯；调整，调节adjust to (doing) sth: 适应习惯 adjust sth to sth: 调整 以适应 adjust oneself to sth: 使某人自己适应 it took her a long time to adjust to living alone. this kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need.这种书桌的高度可以按照你的要求调节。他很

37、快使自己适应了这个国家的炎热。 he adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.6. be accustomed to sth: 习惯于 accustomed to the city life, the young man has made great progress in his career.7- 7. alike: adj. ( 不用于名词前 ) 相像的，相同的look alike:在很多方面，他和她妹妹很像。看上去相似adv. 一样地，相似地 he and his sister are alike / look

38、alike in many ways. they tried to treat the children alike.8. set off fireworks: 燃放烟火9. celebration: n. 庆典，庆祝（活动）in celebration of: 以庆祝 birthday celebrations: 生日庆典 a party in celebration of their 5010. do without: 将就th wedding anniversary.if there is none left, we ll have to do without. 如果没有剩余的，我们只好

39、将就了。二、 grammar1. in one s youth: 在 年轻时he had been a talented musician in his youth.2. let alone: 更不用说（多用于否定句，后接任何词性的词项。 there isn tenough room for us, let alone six dogs and a cat.） i haven tdecided on the menu, let alone bought the food.我还没决定吃什么菜，更不用说买食物了。 i have never thought of it, let alone did

40、i do it.3. take up: vt. (1) 占用（时间空间）我都没有想到它，更谈不上去做了。 writing the paper took up most of my spare time. the piano took up too much space.(2) 拿起 take up arms: 拿起武器4. show sb around sth: 带领某人参观 shown around the museum by the guide, we then went to the concert.三、 project1. minority: n. 少数民族；少数（人）girls ar

41、e in the minority in our class.(1) be in the / a minority: 占少数(2) 表示“少数”时，为集合名词。单独作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体或其中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。如： the minority is subordinate to the majority. only a minority of people support the new law.(3) the rights of ethnic minorities: 少数民族的权利2. job hunting: 求职，找工作少数服从多数。job hu

42、nter / job seeker: 求职者3. feast: n. (1) 盛宴，宴会，节日hold a feast: 举行盛宴(2) 享受；赏心乐事 (for)be a feast for sb / sth: 是. 的享受盛宴the evening concert was a real feast for music lovers / our eyes. v. 盛宴款待；享受 feast on sth: 尽情享用 feast one s eyes on sth: 尽情欣赏；饱览feast sb with sth: 用 .款待宴请 they are feasting on the roast

43、ed meat. 他们正在尽情享用烤肉。 she feasted her eyes on the beauty of the valley. they feasted their guests with delicious food.她饱览那山谷的美景。他们用美食招待客人。8- 4. have power over sb / sth: 支配，控制humans can only have power over themselves, not the whole world.unit 4helping people around the world一、 reading1. refer: v. (r

44、eferred; referring)(1) refer to sth / sb: 提及，参考；查阅；涉及；指 refer to sth as sth: 称 为 refer to a dictionary. altho ugh he didn t mention any name, everyone knew who he was referring to. johnson referred to this discovery as a major breakthrough.(2) refer sth to sb: 把 提交给某人（以谋求帮助、指点、行动支持等） refer the patie

45、nts to the specialist for treatment.把病人交给专科医生治疗。the ambassador to sth: 驻 大使 he was appointed as ambassador to the us.他被任命为驻美国大使。 the queen was represented at the funeral by the british ambassador.英国大使代表女王参加了葬礼。 we are dinning the ambassador this week.我们本周宴请大使。帮助某人 assist sb (in) doing sth:assist sb

46、to do sth: can i assist you with these parcels? we asked him to assist us in designing a new bridge.5. worthy: adj. (1) 值得 的 (2) 值得尊敬的(3)be worthy of sth: 值得 有价值的sth be worthy of being done: 值得 sth be worthy to be done: he is worthy of confidence. 他值得信任。 his advice is worthy of being considered / to

47、 be considered. a worthy suggestion. 有价值的建议他的建议值得考虑。6. in addition: (=besides) 除 以外，此外in addition to sth: 除 以外 you need money and time; in addition, you need diligence. she gets various perquisites( 津贴 ) in addition to her wages.你需要金钱和时间；此外，你还需要努力。7. equal: adj. 平等的；相等的；能胜任的n. 同等的人；相等物vt. 等于，比得上be e

48、qual to sth: 等于 (=equal sth) ；能胜任 have no equal / be without equal:无与伦比 equal pay for equal work: 同工同酬 one plus two is equal to three. / one plus two equals three. he is equal to the task. 他能胜任这项工作。9- your feelings are always in full display, and once you lose patience, your violence would have no e

49、qual.你总是喜形于色，一旦你失去耐心，你的暴力无人能及。 no one equal him in strength. equal the olympic record: 平了奥运会纪录。使某人注意 8. draw one s attention to sth:bring sth one s attention: the victory of fighting the flood has drawn people he brought this fact to the people s attention.s attention to the reconstruction of their

50、homeland.9. acquire: vt. (1) ( 正式 ) 购得，得到 (2) 掌握，获得 (知识，技能等 )acquisition: ,?kwi nzi?n. 习得，获得 acquire new language. second language acquisition: 第二语言习得10. worthwhile: adj . ( 作表语，定语 ) (1) 重要的 (2) 值得花费 的it is worthwhile doing sth / to do sth: it is worthwhile buying the dictionary. it is worthwhile to

51、 discuss the plan.值得 they achieved a very worthwhile result.11. under the umbrella of sth:he rescued the boy under the umbrella of the police.12. lack: n. & vt.在 保护下缺乏be lacking in sth: 缺乏 lack sth: 缺乏 a lack of sth: 缺乏（一般表示泛指）lack of sth: 缺乏（一般前面有限定词；再者就是固定搭配， he showed a complete lack of confidenc

52、e.前面不加 a） the case was dismissed for lack of hard evidence.因为缺乏可靠地证据，这个案件被驳回了。 lack of knowledge makes him very anxious. his reception of us was lacking in warmth.他对我们的接待缺少热情。1. loan: (1) n. 贷款；借出 repay a loan: 还贷 thanks for the loan of your camera.(2) vt. 借出 loan sth to sb: 把 借给 can you loan these

53、books to me now?2. inherit the heritage / carry on the heritage:继承遗产三、 grammar1. means: n. ( 单复数同 ) 手段，方法by all means: 当然可以by no means: 绝不，一点也不by means of sth: 借助，通过 -can i see it?-by all means. by no means is she poor; in fact, she is quite rich. lift the load by means of a crane. 用起重机把重物吊起。 there is no means of finding out what happened.无法搞清楚发生了什么？ all th