牛津深圳版英语八年级下册unit 1《helping those in need》基础优秀教案(重点资料).doc

1、unit1helpingthoseinneedgettingready1.raisev.筹募raisemoney意为“募集钱款”。thestudentsareraisingmoneyforthepeoplewholosthomesintheearthquake.v.增加；提高howcanweraiseenglishlevelsinashorttime?提高英语水平【提示】raise是一个及物动词，后可直接跟宾语。其常见的释义和用法还有：(1)使上升；使升起：wecanseesoldiersraisethenationalflagontiananmensquareeverymorning.(2)

2、提及；提起：thebookraisesmanyquestionsforreaderstothinkabout(3)抚养；养育；培养：fatherraisedthefamily.(4)饲养；喂养：iwanttoraiseadogasmypet【辨析】raise与riseraise，及物动词，“使上升；使升起”。一般指日常生活中的事物上升。如：举起了杯子、提高了租金.rise，不及物动词,(rise-rose-risen)。说明一些自然现象的升起。如：日、月、云、雾、烟、蒸汽、河水、温度、物价以及人的职位等.【小试】i.用上述动词的正确形式完成下列句子。（1）.he_hisheadtolookat

3、me.（2）.thepeopleslivingstandardhasgreatlybeen_.（3）.hertemperatureisstill_.ii.从a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（1）.thepricesare_fastthesedays.nobodycangetthepricesdown.a.goingdownb.rising1c.raisingd.broughtdown.（2）.theyve_upto20,000yuanforthehopeproject.a.roseb.raisec.raisedd.risen2.permissionn.准许；批准不可数名

4、词jimtookthelaptopwithoutpermission.askpermission意为“报请批准”。如：howmanytimeshaveiremindedyouthatyouneedtoaskpermissionfirst?我们可以用askpermissiontodosth表示“征得同意做某事如：sheaskedpermissiontoleaveworkearlybecauseherdaughterwasill.givesb.permissiontodosth意为“允许某人做某事”，与allowsb.todosomething意思相近。giveyourselfpermission

5、totakeabreak,evenalittleone【链接】permitv.允许；准许；使有可能wehopetovisittheschooliftimepermits如果时间允许3.helpingthoseinneed帮助那些有困难的人inneed意为“有困难的”，常位于名词后作后置定语。如：wearecollectingmoneyforfamiliesinneed.afriendinneedisafriendindeed（谚语）患难中的朋友才是真正的朋友。我们用inneedof表示“需要”。如：thebuildingisinneedofrepair4.readthreestudentsre

6、portsontheirvoluntarywork.voluntarywork意为“义务性工作”。如：inhersparetimeshedoesvoluntarywork她在业余时间做义工。voluntary为形容词，意为“志愿的；无偿的”。名词形式为volunteer，意为“志愿者”。5.seriousadj.严重的hehasaseriousillness.thereisnothingserious.everyoneknowshowseriousthedangeris大家都明白情况有多危险。2【提示】serious还有如下的常见含义及用法：(1)认真的：heisaseriousstudent

7、andworksveryhard.认真(2)严肃的：beserious,john!dontmakefunofme.严肃点，约翰！别拿我开玩笑。【链接】seriouslyadv.严重地heisseriouslyill他病得很重。6.illnessn.（某种）病,是可数名词,复数形式为illnesses.hediedofaseriousillness他死于重病。【辨析】sick与ill作表语生病的，恶心的hiswifewassickinbedwithacold.sickill作定语作表语生病的生病的ihelpedsickchildren.san

8、izev.组织；筹备intheend,wealldecidedtoorganizeaconcertforeaster复活节【链接】organizationn.组织organizern.组织者8.painn.痛苦；苦恼thedeathofhisfathergavehimgreatpain父亲的死使他很痛苦。hisunkindwordscausedhermuchpain他说话很刻薄，弄得她很难受。(谚语)nopains,nogains.没有付出，就没有收获。【链接】painn（身体上的）疼痛painfuladj.痛苦的；苦恼的9.lonelyadj.孤独的；寂寞的thedarknessmakesm

9、efeelsolonely.夜色让我如此孤寂。【比较】lonely与alone“副词。独自地；单独地”，侧重于说形容词。一般与be动词连用，明独自一人，没有同伴或助手，指的在句中作表语。sheisaloneatalone是客观情况。homeiliketoworkalonelonely表语。表示“孤独的；寂寞的”之意，定语。lonely用作定语时，意为3lonelier带有浓厚的感情色彩，具有“渴望得“无人烟的；荒凉的；偏僻的”loneliest到同伴”的意思。thatsalonelyislandineverfeellonelywheniamwithmyfriends.iwasalonebuti

10、didntfeellonely(江苏无锡中考)thoughhisgrandmotherlives_,sheneverfeels_.a.alone;aloneb.lonely;lonelyc.alone;lonelyd.lonely;alone10.peacen.平静;宁静ihopetofindalittlepeaceofmind.我渴望找寻到一丝内心的平静。everythingwasatpeacehere.在这里，一切都很平静。【链接】peacefuladj.平静的；和平的peacefullyadv.平静地;和平地11.hurtv.(hurt，hurt)（使）疼痛；受伤jackhurthims

11、elfwhilehewastryingtoescapefromthepolicehehurthisbackinanaccident【提示】动词hurt还有以下一些常见的释义和用法：(1)（身体某部位）感到疼痛：myeyeshurt.(2)伤害（感情）；使伤心：heisafraidofhurtingbettysfeelings.languagepoints1.achildwithoutparents意为“孤儿”，相当于orphan。它是一个介词短语作后置定语的结构，即withoutparents作定语修饰名词child。类似的结构还有thedogsindanger有危险的狗familieswit

12、honlyonechild独生子女家庭2.threeteenagersofferedtodosomevoluntaryworkduringtheschoolholidays.offertodosomething意为“主动提出做某事”。如：nickofferedtohelpjackwithhismathshomework.offer的主要用法有：4offersth提出某事iofferedagoodplanforourholiday.offertodosth（主动）提出做某事tomofferedtodriveustothebusstation.offersb.sth=offersth（主动）给某人

13、提供weshouldofferothersourhelp.tosb.某物3.thechildrenthereallsufferfromseriousillnesses.那里的孩子都遭受着重病的折磨。sufferv.（因疾病等）受苦；受折磨shesufferedgreatlyasachild.她童年深受苦难。sufferfrom意为“因受苦；受折磨”。如：manyteenagersaresufferingfromtheputergames.hischildissufferingfromabadcold.thiscountryoftensuffersfromfloodsanddrought.4.i

14、metagirlcalledcindy.句中calledcindy是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰agirl,意为“名叫辛迪的”.called也可用named来代替。thekingshaveadaughtercalled/namedjessica(姓金一家)【拓展】作定语是过去分词的用法之一，过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面。ilikethesongssungbyliuhuan过去分词（短语）作定语相当于一个定语从句。ilikethebookswrittenbyluxun.=ilikethebooksthatwerewrittenbyluxun.(兰州中考)-whatareonshowin

15、themuseum?-somephotos_bythechildrenofyushu,qinghai.5a.havebeentakenb.weretakenc.aretakend.taken5.thishelpsthemexpresstheirfeelings.这有助于他们表达自己的情感。expressv.表达；表露heexpressedtoushisideasaboutthenewteacher他向我们表达了他对新老师的看法。【提示】当express表示“表达；表露”之意时，通常不接双宾语。如：他对她表示了他的谢意。()heexpressedherhisthanks.()heexpresse

16、dhisthankstoher.【链接】expressionn.表达;表情expressonesfeelings意为“表达某人的情感；抒发某人的感情”。如：mothersdaygivespeopleachancetoexpresstheirfeelingstowardtheirmum6.wespenttimewithagirlcalledvivien.spendtimewith意为“与共度；陪伴”。如：whileinhawaii，mr.hillspenttimewithhiswifeispenttimewithmysonandtalkedtohimalot【拓展】【拓展】spend还可以表示“

17、花费”。howmuchmoney如youspendeachweek?你每星期花多少钱？常见搭配：sb.+spend(s)+money/time+(in)doingsth某人花费金钱时间做某事sb.十spend(s)+money/time+onsth某人在某事某物上花费金钱时间theyspendalotoftimewatchingtveveryday.hedoesntspendmuchmoneyonfood.(2013山东潍坊)-doyouoftengetonline?-yes.i_lotsoftimeonit.itsagoodwaytokilltime.a.costb.spendc.taked

18、.use7.sheneedsfriendship.need此处用作实义动词，意为“需要”，可构成needsth;needtodosth。6theydontneedanyhelp.heneedstohaveagoodrest.而needdoingsth,表示被动意义。theseflowersneedwatering.【拓展】need作情态动词时,无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。youneedntbeeverynervous.-mustibringmyhomeworknow?-no,youneednt.youcanbringittomorrow.(no,youneednt

19、.=no,youdonthaveto.不，不必。)8.mymotherandiwillcontinuetovisitvivien.continuetodosth意为“继续做某事”。如：afterreadinglesson9,hecontinuedtoreadlesson10thoughpeterisverybusy,hewillcontinuetohelpchildrenatthelocalhospital.9.theyhavedifficultywalkingormoving.difficultyn.困难；费劲difficultydifficult不可数名词困难；费劲ihadnodiffic

20、ulty(in)learningenglish可数名词表示具体的困infaceofsomanydifficulties，wewereadj.困难的难，意为“难事；难点；neverafraid困境；难处”havedifficulty(in)doingsomething表示“做某事有困难”。如：thestudentshavedifficulty(in)understandingthesentence.若后接名词，则常用havedifficultywithsth的结构。如：somestudentsinthisclasshavedifficultywithenglishpronunciation【拓展

21、】类似的结构还有：havetrouble(in)doingsth做某事有麻烦haveproblems(in)doingsth做某事有问题havefun(in)doingsth做某事有乐趣7(2013山东聊城)-ihavegreat_infinishingtheworkbymyself.couldyouhelpme?-noproblem.a.funb.successc.adviced.difficulty10.apersonwithcourageisusuallynotafraidofsomethingdangerousordifficult.beafraidof意为“害怕，不敢”后可接名词、代

22、词或动名词。sheisafraidofsnakes.iwasafraidofgoingthroughthewoods【拓展】beafraid还可按不定式结构，即beafraidtodosth.，意为“害怕做某事”。heisafraidtogooutatnight.beafraid还可以接that从句，表示“担心害怕”hewasafraidthathewouldlose.imafraid可翻译成“恐怕”，属于口语中的委婉用语，表示遗憾、惋惜、判断或表示因不愿做某事面显得语气缓和些，其否定形式为imafraid.not.imafraidthaticanthelpyou.我恐怕不能帮助你。运用前缀(

23、prefixes)猜词义（1）.大多数形容词前加un-happyunhappyluckyunluckyfortunateunfortunatefairunfairimportantunimportanthealthyunhealthypreparedunprepared（2）.以c-,e-开头的形容词，多加in-：correctincorrectexpensiveinexpensivedefiniteindefinite（3）.以p开头的形容词，多加im-：possibleimpossiblepoliteimpolite8（4）.以r-开头的形容词，多加ir-：regularirregular

24、（5）.有些形容词加dis-：honestdishonest【拓展】含有加前缀构成的反义形容词的句子不属于否定句。在改为反t意疑问句时，附加问句部分仍用否定形式。heisunhappytoday,isnhe?课堂练习i.用新单词完成下面的句子。如有必要,须改变单词的形式。1.ihopethatourschoolwill_moreoutingsinthefuture.2.wehavebeenfriendsfornearlytenyears.ihopeour_willlastforever.3.thedoctorsaidtowilliamsmother,itisnta_illness.givehi

25、menoughwatertodrinkandsoonhewillfeelbetter.4.wemustntlaughatthe_andweshouldtryourbesttohelpthem.5.themanagersaidtoallthestaffmembers,iwill_allyoursalarybecauseyouallhavedoneagoodjob.6.youhavehelpedmewiththeprojectsomuch.idontknowhowto_mythanks.7.idontthinkihaveany_inworkingouttheproblem.itssoeasy.8.

26、youshouldnttouchthemachineswithoutmy_.9.ifyouwanttomakeapublicspeech,youneednotonlygoodenglishbutalso_.thatistosay,youshouldbebrave.10.itwasraininghardwhenilefttheoffice.mr.smith,myboss,_mearideinhiscarhome.ii.选择适当的词组完成下列句子。如有必要，须改变形式。每个词组仅使用一次。9askpermissionraisemoneyinneedvoluntaryworkoffertosuffe

27、rfromspendtimewithcontinuetohavedifficultyraiseonesspirits1.mygrandfatherhas_aseriousheartdiseaseforalongtime.2.myfriend_drivemetotheairportbecauseitwasraininghardandicouldntfindataxi.3.thestudents_pletingtheproject.somostofthemaskedtheirparentsforhelp.4.ithinkyouneedto_beforeyouusewendysputer.5.wes

28、houldusethemoneytohelpthosepeople_.6.idontwanttogotoparisforsuchashortholiday.idratherstayathomeand_mykids.7.cheerup,simon!drinkacupofcoffeenowanditmay_.8.thestudentsatmayfieldschoolwill_forthechildreninafricanextweek.9.nowadays,moreandmoreteenagerstakepartin_tohelppeopletheydontknowatall.10.afterju

29、dypletedhermathshomework,she_domorephysicsexercises.iii.readingprehensiondearkitty,iamsorrythatididnotwritetoyouearlier.iwashelpingwithacharityshowbecauseiwantedtoraisemoneyforprojectgreenhope.ifeltveryhappywhentheorganizerschosemetobethehost.itwasexcitingbutiwasalsoverynervousbecauseofthetvcameras.

30、iknewthatlotsofpeoplewouldwatchtheshowandmanyfamouspopstarswouldetoo.10westartedworkingontheshowtwomonthsago.itwasmyjobtointroduceeachstar.ihadmanyotherdutiestoo.itwashardworkbutiwashappy.wepracticedalotbeforetheshow.ihadtoremembertolookattherightcameraattherighttime.atthebeginningithoughtitwouldbed

31、ifficult.slowly,everythingbecamealittlebiteasier.thebigdaycameveryfastandsuddenlyitwasthenightbeforethebigevent.icouldntsleepallnightbecauseiwassoexcited.twentyminutesbeforetheshow,thedoorsopenedandmanypeoplecameintotheitheatre.“notimetobenervousanymore.thisisit.”toldmyself.alotofpeoplecametotheshow

32、.thefansofthepopstarsweremakingalotofnoise.ihadtospeakloudlybecauseofthenoise.everythingseemedtobehappensofastandnowitisallover.manypeopledonatedmoneytoprojectgreenhope.ihopewecanhavemoreeventslikethistoraisemoneyforcharities.ihopetoseeyousoon.rickyf（1）.判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。符合的用“t”表示，不符合的用“”表示。()1.thetvca

33、merasmaderickyfeelnervous.()2.rickystartedworkingontheshowthreemonthsago.()3.itwasrickysjobtotalktoeachstar.()4.rickyhadalotofthingstodo.()5.thedoorsclosedtwentyminutesbeforetheshow.()6.manypeoplegavemoneytoprojectgreenhope.()7.rickyhopestherewillbemorecharityshows.（2）.根据短文内容，将左右两栏中的句子正确配对。()1.rickyhelpedwiththecharityshowa.hewantedtohelpraise11moneyforprojectbecausegreenhope.()2.theorganizerschoserickytobetheb.theystartedworkingonittwomonthsago.hostoftheshowa