中考任务型阅读技巧讲解及20篇典型训练(经典)

1、如有帮助欢迎下载支持 2011年中考任务型阅读技巧讲解 一、任务型阅读理解题解读 任务型阅读阅读理解测试的主要体裁为应用文 - 广告，主要考查考生在有限的时间内根据不同 的人的不同需要捕捉到相应的有效信息的能力。 任务型阅读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠， 内容贴近 现代社会生活，涉及学生生活、富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。 该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言“做事”的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和 社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。从某种意义上来说 , 这一题型的阅读理解实际上就是一道高水平的 智能检测题综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断、跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。如 果考生心理承受

2、力比较弱 , 或者应试时头脑一时不那么开窍 , 恐怕很快就会感觉犹如“雾里看花” , 似 它而非它了；而且 , 考生对某一题的错误判断会影响其对其他题目作出正确的分析和判断，产生曼延 作用。 二、解题步骤 任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系，该 类的“对应”可能是“主旨对应” , 也可能是“情节对应” , 还可以是“细节对应”等。同学们只要能 够把握住这一原则就能轻松做好这种试题。 “一一对应阅读方法”的具体步骤如下： 第一步：认真阅读背景介绍，了解话题或主题。 第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的 顺利

3、解题创造良好的条件。 第三：对照题目的要求，从选项中选出符合以上要求的对应条件。有时，只要顺着关键词的线 索就能轻松找到正确的答案。 第四步：快速对照要求和条件两条线索通读一遍，做到万无一失，提高答题的准确率。 三、解题思路 任务型阅读理解的解题难度比较大 ,干扰性强。 该类阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握住当 事人的要求与符合其要求的条件之间的“一一对应”关系。以下是笔者总结的解题思路和解题体会： 1、快读以了解短文大意 , 明了题目要求。考生通过快速浏览文章首句、尾句和关键词语, 来了 解文段的大意并明确试题的具体要求 , 了解广告或海报的话题或主题 , 保证答题时不会出现离题现象 ,

4、否则一错就很可能会错两到三题 , 严重影响答题的效果。接下来按照五个人不同的个人信息；对照要 求匹配与之相适应的选项； A-E 五个选项分别是五段材料的关键信息。 2、寻读时要依照题项信息 , 寻找匹配信息。考生首先要读懂题项 , 抓住关键信息 , 然后再带着所 获关键信息 , 有针对性地寻找所需要的相关的匹配信息 , 对号入座 , 而不必句句都读。 3、考生还得注意 :每读一段话 , 做一道题 ,每确定一题的答案后 ,将该选项从列表中划去 ,以免在 以后的选择中干扰视线 ,同时也将相应的短文划去 , 减少以后的阅读段落。 俗话说得好：“解题有法， 但无定法，一定要得法。愿本文能对同学们解好任

5、务型阅读理解题 起到一定的 “抛砖引玉”的作用。 【典型训练】 1 任务型阅读理解：仔细阅读下面的短文并按要求完成后面的小题。（5小题，每小题2分，共10分） Just as in face-to-face com muni cati on, there are some basic rules of behavior（行为）that should be followed on the Internet. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. Imagine ho

6、w you d feel if you were in the other person s shoes. t to fir For anything you re about to send: ask yourself,“ Would I say that to the person is no, rewrite and reread. If some one in the chat room is rude to you, you n eed n either ignore（不理睬）the person, or use your chat software to block their m

7、essages. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room. t as Offer advice whe n asked by n ewcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to com muni cate. Whe n some one makes a mistake, be kind about it. If you do decide to tell some one about the mistake, point it o

8、ut politely. At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offen ded（冒犯）.询问别人诸如年龄、性别和家庭情况等隐私问题是不礼貌的。Un less you know the pers on very well, and you are both comfortable with shari ng personal in formati on, or don such questi ons. 76. I

9、n the chat room we must respect others and. 77. When you find you make a mistake in the chat room, what should you do? 78. 将划线部分翻译成汉语 79. 选择一个适当的句子放在 处 A. First impressi ons last l on gest. B. Every one was new to the n etwork on ce. C. The internet has ope ned up a whole new world for us. D. Even i

10、f you feel stron gly about it, think twice before say ing anything. 80. 将划线部分 翻译成英语： Key: 76. beliefs, opinions 77. I should correct myself and apologize to those that I have offen ded. 78. 你要设身处地为别人着想。 3 如有帮助欢迎下载支持 79. B 80. It is impolite to task others personal questions such as their age, sex an

11、d families. 2 任务性阅读 （本题共 10 分，每空 1 分 ） 阅读短文。然后根据题目要求及所给语境完成下列四项任务。 Co-operation（ 合作 ）is always needed when you make a project that the teacher gives you First ，discuss all you would like to do with your classmates Choose one of the members to write down what!you re talking abouTthen，with the ideas y

12、ou get ，list all you want Everyone shares tlle duty for the project You can collect information not only from books but also on the Intemet Making a sunrey（调查）and doing a research are also good ways. After that, all the members put what has been found togetherTry to make the project more well organi

13、zedIn the end， you can give a report in front of your class to show the results of your hard work. 根据英文释义及首字母提示。拼写单词。 71.iplan； opinion 72.suse， pay or have something with others 同义旬转换。每空一词。 You can collect information not only from books but also on the Intemet . You Can collect information 73from

14、books 74on the Intemet. 根据短文内容简答问题。 What can you give in front of your class to show the results of your hard work? Key： 71idea 72share 73 both 74 and 75A report 3 任务型阅读（共 7 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 14 分） A 阅读下面短文，根据所给语境，按要求完成下列各题。 The first walk into outer space was taken by a Soviet astronaut. Astronaut Zhai

15、 Zhigang became the first Chinese to walk in space on September 27,2008. It showed that it was quite safe for a man to be outside the spaceship for a certain period of time. But to walk in space, astronauts have to meet with many kinds of difficulties and dangers. The spaceship goes round the earth

16、at an altitude （ 海拔高度 ） of about 200 kilometers above its surface. At such altitudes there is no atmosphere which prtects the life on the earth. The conditions of outer space are very harmful to man. The boiling point of liquids （液体 ） goes down with pressure. But pressure outside the spaceship is ne

17、arly zero. In such conditions the decompression （ 减压 ） of the spacesuit may cause the boiling of the blood and quick death. There is radiation from space and it is armful. Breathing problems in space can be solved with the help of the spacesuit. Another problem is heat. Man gives off heat in the cou

18、rse （ 过程 ） of his activity, and the harder the labor （ 劳动 ） is, the greater the amount （总量 ） of heat is. In space unless special measures are taken, the heat inside the spacesuit would make the conditions difficult. 74. 根据处完成下面的句子。（每空一词） Zhai Zhigang became the first Chinese astronaut in space on Se

19、ptember 27, 2008. 75. 根据短文内容，完成下面的句子。（每空一词） The altitude is so that there is no atmosphere which protects the life on the earth. At the same time, the astronauts usually meet with some problems, such as problem, radiation problem, breathing problem, heat problem and so on. 76. 将处翻译成汉语。 任务性阅读专项练习 1 T

20、oday it is found that most middle school students pay little attention to sports .It s because they have no in terest in sports? It may not be the fact. They ofte n say they have other more importa nt things to do. What are these importa nt thin gs? Exams! They usually spe nd over ten hours a day re

21、vis ing for exams. So many of them almost become bookworms. In the summer holidays they could hardly do anything they like. Books them from going in for .因为来自父母和老师的压力，他们不得不更加努力学习. As for the stude nts themselves, they want to get good results so that they can go further for their studies. They don t

22、 have to put all their effort into studying and give up all the sports and hobbies .In fact, educati on cannot go without physical exercise, because a quick mind hardly goes along a week body. All the students should remember: If you don t have a strong body, you can never achieve anyth alone a grea

23、t success in your life. 1、在句的空白处填入适当的词使句意完整，上下文通顺。 2、将句译成英文。 3、将句译成中文 4、写出与下列句子意思相近的句子 ： It usually takes them more than ten hours to revise for exams. 5、找出文中或写出最能表达该短文主题的句子。 2 Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn htave modern machines. There was no moder n medic

24、i ne, either. Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It killed our fish andaour drinking water.b polluti on makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air polluti on is the most serious kind of pollu

25、ti on .It s hard to all the livi ng things in th Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day, ( 2) sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt(被子)over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog. Many countries are making rules to flight pollution. Factories must now cl

26、ean their water before it is poured away, they mustn t blow dirty smoke into the air. We n eed to do many other thin gs. We can put waste thi ngs in the dustb in and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car, (3) 开车的人少了，空气污染就少了。 1. 在横线上填入适当的单词a. b.(每空一词

27、) 2. 将句子(2)译成汉语 3. 将句子(3)译成英语 4. 找出 Dirty water must be stopped from dumping into the river.的同义句. 5. 找出或写出能概括本文大意的句子。 3 All livi ng things on the earth n eed other livi ng things to live with. Nothi ng lives alone. Sometimes one living thing kills another. Each kind of life eats another kind of life

28、 in order to live, and together they form a food chai n(食物链).1)有些食物链简单而其它的不尽然。But all food chai ns begin with the sun, and all food cha ins become broke n if one of the links disappears. All life n eeds sun light to live on. But only pla nts can use sun light directly. They make food from sun light,

29、 water, air and so on. 2)Ani mals can only use the sun s en ergy after it has ibgeh idha food by plants. Some animals feed directly on plants. Others eat smaller animals. Meat-eating animals are only eati ng pla nts in directly. What about human beings? We are members of many food chains. We eat whe

30、at, rice, vegetables, fruit and so on. We also eat meat and drink milk. But people often break up the food chains. They kill wild animals. They also make rivers, lakes and seas dirty. 3)When these rivers, lakes and seas are, the fish in them cannot be. If people eat the fish, they will get strange d

31、iseases. Each form of life is lin ked to all the others. Break ing the links puts all life in dan ger. 1、将(1)处的汉语译成英文。 2、将(2)处的英文译成汉语。 3、在处的空白处填上适当的单词。 7 如有帮助欢迎下载支持 4、在文中划出与下列句子意思相近的句子：The animals that eat meat are not just eating plants directly. 5、找出文中或写出最能表达该短文主题的句子： 4 Did you see snow in your ho

32、metow n last win ter? Did you feel it was warmer tha n before? (2)自 1986年以来中国已有 21 个暖冬了 , said scientists. They also said that in the past 100 years, as the global (全球的)temperatures went up by 0.74 C , the temperature in North China has climbed 1.4 C in only 50 years. China n eeds to (1) to cut carb

33、 on dioxide (二氧化碳)emissi on (排放), because its the main reas on for global warm ing. The good n ews is that China has see n the importa nee of going green. China set the goal of cutting energy use by 20 and pollution emission by 10 in the 11th Five-Year Pla n. Can you slow dow n global warmi ng? Sure

34、! (3)You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carb on dioxide that is sent out into the air. Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth. Wear used clothes. Wearing your brothers, sisters or dads old T -shirt means you save the energy. Change your light bulbs (灯泡).Use en

35、ergy-saving light bulbs. And dont forget to turn off the lights whe n you leave a room and turn off your televisi on and computer whe n they are not in use! Ride the bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year. Say no to plastic bags. The next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use

36、baskets Open a window. Dont use the air conditioner ( 空调),and let some fresh air in. When you have to use the con diti oner, set the temperature higher in the summer and lower in the win ter to save en ergy Make small cha nges in your daily life. Dont use paper cups, bags and boxes. Its time for all

37、 of us to do someth ing to save the earth. 1. 在(1)空白处填入适当的词 ： 2. 将(2)翻译成英文. 3. 将翻译成中文. 4. 请在文中找出下句的同义:Remember to turn off the electrical equipme nt whe n leavi ng home or whe n they are not in use. 5. 找出能概括本文中心思想的短语： 5 9 如有帮助欢迎下载支持 American and British people both speak English of course. But somet

38、imes it does not seem like the same Ianguage. In fact, there are some important differences between British English and American English. First of all, they sound very differe nt. Often, America ns donseparatetysaThegchawoeVeral words together. America ns may sayI dunno ” in stead of I don t know. ”

39、 Or they may sa in stead of What did you say? ” However, the British are more careful in their speech. They usually say all the words and keep them separate. (3)Sound is not only the differenee between British English and American English. Words sometimes have different meanings too. Some American w

40、ords are never used in England. The same thing is true of some British words in America. For example, the vocabulary for cars and driving is very different. America ns drive trucks, but in En gla nd people drive lorries. Many expressi ons are also differe nt in the two coun tries. In En gla nd, if y

41、ou are going to teleph one your frien ds, you pho ne them up ” .In America, you give them a call ” . When you are say ing gc you might say Cheerio! ” In America you might say See you later. ” There re also some differe nces in grammar. For example, America ns usually use the helpi ng verb when they

42、ask a question. They say Do you have a storybook? ” But the British often leave out th verb. They say Have you a storybook? ” All these differences can be confusing( 易混淆的)if you are learning English. But most languages are like this. Languages change over time. When people live in separate places, t

43、he Ianguages change in differe nt ways. This is what has happe ned to En glish. It can also happe n to other Ian guages, such as Fren ch. Ma ny people in Ca nada speak French.但是他们的法语和法国的法语不一样。 1. This passage is mainly about. 2. What does the word separately mean in this passage? It means“”. A.含糊地 B

44、.快速地 C.分开地 D.简略地 3. Put the un derli ned sentence into Chin ese. 4. Put the sentence into En glish. 5. How many differences has the writer told us between American English and British English? Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operati on Smile? We hope we can help you un dersta nd how w

45、e are trying to help childre n all over the world. 6 11 如有帮助欢迎下载支持 Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife. In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to Philipp ines to help childre n who had holes in their lips or in side their mouths. (1) 对他们来说，吃喝 很困难。 These volun teers worked

46、 very hard. But they worried that they could not carry on with the work because they were lack(缺乏)of mon ey. Then they decided to start a charity so that they could help these needy children. They called it Operation Smile. Operation Smile works in more than twenty developing counties and has cured

47、over 10,000 children who have problems with their mouths. Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999 they even started a special event called“ The World Journey of Hope ” . 5,000 children ioutccountrie duri ng the event. (2), Operati on Smile trai ns health care professi on als in

48、develop ing coun tries so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. As to the children with much more serious problems, they will send them to America for further treatme nt. So show your kindness and generosity to the needy children now. You can send your donation to Op

49、erati on Smile at local bank. (3) Many tha nks from the childre n who can smile now will come to you. 1. 将(1)句译成英文： 2. 将(2)句的空白处填入适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺： 3. 将句译成中文： 4. 找出文中与下列句子意思相近的句子： They worried that they could not continue to work because they have no mon ey. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? 7

50、 The program “ ChinaYear in Russia(俄罗斯)” has ended, but the cultu ral ties between the two countries grow stronger.“ Chines国热v1” continues in Russia. Fifty-year-old Wei Dehan has been studying Chinese culture for thirty years. He was among the first Russia ns to ope n a Chin ese teahouse in Moscow.

51、That was in 1995. He also teaches Chin ese Ian guage and Tai Chi (太极).2) During “ China Year in Russia ” , he set up a magazine introducing Chinese culture. It s popular with local readers. In Russia, young people who can speak Chinese 1) by every industry. Young people who are able to speak Chin es

52、e Ian guage find jobs easily. Some 15-thousa nd people atte nd Chin ese Ian guage classes in Russia. The Confucius Institute (孑L子学院),the world-wide Chinese Ianguage and culture education center, has been set up in thirteen of Russia s universities and colleges. Besides the Ian guage. Chin ese way of

53、 life is beco ming a com mon factor（因素）in the daily lives of Russian people. 3）绿茶，中国食品和太极变得越来越受欢迎。 Russian newspapers and magazines praised称赞）“ China Year in Russia ” as a timelpheesaid that the program deepe ned（加深）un dersta nding betwee n the people of the two coun tries. It also ope ns the way fo

54、r further culture excha nges. 1. 在1）的空白处填入适当的内容使句意完整、上下文通顺：. 2. 将2）句译成中文： 3. 将3）句译成英文： 4. 在文中找出与下面句子意思相近的句子： It s easy for young people who can speak Chinese to find jobs. 5. 找出文中或写出最能表达该短文主题的句子: 8 About five hundred years ago, an earthquake（地震）happened in a small village. Luckily for them, nothing

55、was destroyed （毁坏）and no one was hurt. 1）But a hugefell from a nearby mountain and stopped in theof the road. When the earthquake stopped, many people came to the road and saw the stone. Some of the stron gest men tried to lift the stone out of the road. But they couldnto ptJHtoVddiit Thledii2edThey

56、 tried to pull it with ropes （纟绳索）but nothing worked. “Well, ” they said sadly, there s nothing we can do about it. Well have to change the way. ” At this time a boy about 12 years old said, I think I can help you to move the stone away. ” “ You?they shouted. What are you talking about? The men all

57、laughed at the boy. The next morning, some people came into the road. One of them shouted, The stone is gon e. 3） 更多的人跑出去看 发生了什么事。It was true. The stone was nt on the road any Ion ger. It was nt even n ear the road. The boy walked over to where the stone had been and said, I buried（埋藏）it. ” Tpeople

58、looked rather surprised. You see, he said, 1 dug a deep hole next to the stone and I dug a small incline （ 斜坡）up to the stone and the stone rolled（滚）dow n into the hole itself. Then I covered it with earth. The villagers shouted,“ Clever boy! Clever boy!” This clever boy had a good idea. 1. 在1）句的空白处

59、填入适当的词使句意完整、上下文通顺： 2. 将2）句译成英文： 3. 将3）句译成中文： 4. 找出文中与下列句子意思相近的句子：We can do nothing about it. 5. 找出文中最能表达该短文主题的句子： 9 Is there someth ing stra nge high up in the worlds tallest mountains? If so, is it a big bear? Is it a mon key? Or is it a kind of man? No one knows. This mystery（ 迷）has puzzled the wo

60、rld for years. In 1887, a mountainfound large in the snow. They looked like the footpri nts of a very large man. But men dont walk without shoes in t the snow! In 1906, another climber saw more than footprints （脚印） Far off,他看见一个巨大的动物用两条腿 站立着。As he watched, it ran very quickly. Fifteen years later, n