(完整word版)一般过去时用法及结构

1、般过去时的用法及结构1 .般过去时的基本用法一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, last ni ght, i n 2003, two days ago等。【举例】I got up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。My father was very busy last week. 我父亲上周很忙。2. 一般过去时的基本结构肯定句主语+动词过去式+其他”或者主语+was/ were +其他”。【举例】I played tenn is last wee

2、ke nd.我上周末打网球了。My school trip was great. 我的学校郊游棒极了。否定句主语+ didn t +动词原形+其他”或主语+wasn t/weren t +其他”。【举例】 The girl did n t play computer games yesterday after noon.这个女孩昨天下午没玩电子游戏。Old Henry wasn t happy last Friday.上星期五老亨利不高兴。一般疑冋句“ Did +主语+动词原形+其他？ ”肯定回答为“ Yes，主语+ did ”，否定回答为No，主语+ didn t”或者Was/ Were +

3、主语+其他？ ”肯定回答为Yes，主语+ was/were”，否定回答为No，主语+ wasn t/weren t”。【举例】一Did you go to the beach? 你们去海滩了吗？Yes, we did./ No, we didn t.是的，我们去了。/不，我们没有。Was your weeke nd OK? 你的周末过得还行吧？Yes, it was./No, it wasn t.是的，还行。/不，不行。特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+般疑问句（顺序）？【举例】一 What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了？He visited his gra

4、n dpare nts.他去看了他的祖父母。Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿？I was at home. 我在家里。为了便于记忆行为动词（实义动词）的一般过去时用法及结构，我们可用以下歌诀来帮助记忆：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事。谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志。否定形式很简单，主语之后didn t添。谓语动词要还原。疑问构成有规则，主语前面加did。过去式的构成be动词和实义动词过去式的构成：系动词be的过去式有两种形式：was和were。其中was是 am禾口 is的过去式， were是 are的过去式。规则动词过去式的构成： 一般在动词末尾加一 ed。【

5、举例】walk宀walked play宀played 以不发音e结尾的动词末尾只加一 d。【举例】loveloved decidedecided 结尾是辅音字母+ y ”的动词。先将y变为i,再加一ed。【举例】study宀studied carry t carried 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写该辅音字母，再加一ed。【举例】stopTstopped pla n t pla nned规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆：过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加一 ed如果词尾有个e (不发音的)，只需直接加上一d。辅音字母+ y ”在词尾，变y为i加一ed。一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后

6、加一ed。随堂练习：一. 写出下列动词的过去式。1. am/ is 2.do 3.go 4.have5.isn t 6. aren t 7.spend 8.cook9.read 10.clea n11.live12.study二. 用适当的词完成下列对话。1. 一 How was your weeke nd? Itgreat.Whatyoulast weeke nd ? Isome homework.2. Whatshelast weeke nd? Sheto the beach.3. Whatthey do last weeke nd? Theyto the movies.三. 用括号内所给

7、词的适当形式填空。1. We(enjoy) ourselves at the party last ni ght.2. Jack(study) for the En glish test last Sun day.3. you(go) to the Great Wall last year?4. What day(be) it yesterday?5. The old man(be)ill and went to see a doctor.6. We(have) a party last ni ght.7. We(visit) the museum and went home.8. How(b

8、e) the stude nts? They were very frien dly.9. He ofte n(have) supper at home. Today he(have) supper at school.10. We had great fun(play) in the water.11. That made me(feel) very happy.12. he(have) lunch at nine? No, he didn t.13. They(buy) a guitar yesterday.四. 句型转换。1. He came here last mon th.(改为否定

9、句 )Hehere last mon th.2.They played football this morning.(改为一般疑问句并作简略回答)一 theyfootball this morning? Yes, they. / No, they.3. They went to Beijing last year.(就划线部分提问)theylast year.4. Tom watched TV last night.(改为一般疑问句)TomTV last ni ght?5. Mary does homework every day.(用 last night 改写句子)Mary.般现在时的用法

10、与结构1、一般现在时的定义及构成一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。（1）be（am,is,are）动词：（作谓语动词时）肯定句注语+be动词（am,is,are）+其它。如： I am a student.（主语+be动词+名词） They are hungry.（主语+be动词+形容词） He is out.（主语+be动词+副词） That pen is mine.（主语+be动词+代词） I am fifteen.（主语+be动词+数词） The bike is under the tree.（主语+be动词+介词短语）运用am,is,are写三个句子 否定

11、句：主语 + be（am,is,are） + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 运用 am,is,are写三个句子一般疑问句：Be（am,is,are） +主语+其它。女口： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 运用 am,is,are 写三个句子特殊疑问句：疑问词+般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 运用am,is,are写三个句子特殊疑问句：疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what

12、shape,what colour,）,找句子中有没有 be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词或者助动词（特殊疑问句：疑问词+be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词或者助动词+其他?）（2）行为动词：主语+行为动词+ （其它）。（作谓语动词时）1）主语不是第三人称单数时，肯定句为：主语+动词原形+其它否定式为：主语+do nt+动词原形+其它疑问句为：Do+主语+动词原形+其它？e.g. We speak Chin ese. Do you speak Chi nese? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont. They dont speak Chi nese.写三个句子

13、2）当主语是第三人称单数时：（he,she,it,A/An,单独的人或事物：Lily/book）肯定句为：主语+动词（词尾加s或es）+其它。否定式为：主语+doesnt+动词原形+其它.疑问句式：Does+主语+动词原形+其它？ He speaks En glish. He does nt speaks En glish. -Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does. / No, she does nt.写三个句子 特殊疑问句：疑问词 +般疑问句。如： How does your father go to work?3）动词+s的变化规则（1）一般

14、情况下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks（2）以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，力口 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 以”辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies（3）情态动词（作谓语动词时 ）（ca n, could,be able to,may,might,must,have to,n eed,shall,should, will,would）时，句子结构为：肯定句：主语+情态动词+动词原形。否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形 一般疑问

15、句。情态动词 +主语+动词原形+其他？特殊疑问句：疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？Eg: He can speak En glish. Can I help you? What can I do for you?在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month ), once a week, on Sun days例句： He usually plays football on Sun days.一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数talkforgethopestopp

16、erformplaysaybuyworry flystudylikemaketake_loverecitebecomecomedrive二、句型转换1. The childre n have a good time in the park.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：2. There is about nine hun dred people at the concert.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：3. Ann does her homework yesterday eve ning.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：4. I read an En glish book.否

17、定句：一般疑问句：肯定/否定回答：对划线部分提问：5. My brother is in the park just now.否定句：一般疑问句：对划线部分提问：一般现在时第三人称单数句型转换练习1. I go to school before 7:00 in the morning.(he )2. I always go shopp ing with my mum on Sun day.(she )3.I sometimes play computer games after school on Sun day.(he )4. I always take exercise after cla

18、ss on Mon day.(my mother )般过去时详细讲解与练习题一、巧记一般过去时：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were, have,has变had;谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn t添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；不含be动词时如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是 was,were,否定就把not添。含be动词时疑问句也不难，要把 was，were放在主语前。二、be的一般过去时：学习动词be的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌 握动词be的一般过去时。be的过去时有

19、四巧：一是时间状语巧，表示过去的短语要记牢；二是形式巧，单数 was，复数were ；三巧是否定句结构，not紧跟was/ were ；四是疑问句式巧，was/ were向前跑(提前)。【一巧】时间状语(即标志词)巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。1. yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening) 等;2. 由last+时间名词”构成的短语：last ni ght, last year (wi nter, mon th, week)等；3. 由时间段 +ago” 构成的短语： a m

20、oment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago 等;4. 其它：just now 等5. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，谓语动词用was;主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。例如：I was in the classroom yesterday morning . 昨天早上我在教室里。He was at school last Tuesday. 上周二他在学校。They were over there a moment ago . 刚才他们在那边。【三巧】否定句结

21、构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加not即可变成否定 句，并且was, were与not可以缩写成was nt, were nt。即： 主语 + was nt / were nt + 表语 + 其他。例如：I was not ( = was nt) here yesterday. 昨天我不在这儿。My parents were not ( = werent) at home last Sun day . 上周日我父母不在家。【四巧】疑问句式巧。把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即： Was(Were) +主语+表语+其他？这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑

22、问句式相似。例如： Were you at home the day before yesterday ? 前天你在家吗？Was she late this morning ?今天早上她迟到了吗？更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes,主语+ was/ were.”；否定回答用No,主语+ was nt/ were nt .”。例如：一Were Wei Hua and Han Mei here just now ?刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？Yes, they were. (No, they were nt.)是的，她们在。(不，她们不在。)一、单项选择：从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最

23、佳答案填空。(10)()1 . My father ill yesterday .A. is nt B . arentC. was nt D. were nt()2 . your parents at home last week ?A. Is B . Was C. Are D. Were()3 . The twins in Dalian last year.They here now.A. are。were B. were。 are C. was。are D. were。was()4 . your father at work the day yesterday(前天)？A. Was。bef

24、ore B. Is。before C. Was。after D. Is。 after()5 . Who was on duty last Friday ?A . I am B . I was C . Yes, I was D. No, I was nt()6. I clea ned my classroom.A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours before ()7. I camemy house two days ago .A back on B back to C to back D back

25、 ()8 . ? He did some readi ng at home.A What does your father do yesterday eve ningB What does your brother do in the schoolC What did your brother do over the weeke ndD Where did your brother go last Sun day()9. What did you do? I went to the movies.A n ext morni ng Bover the weeke nd C in the week

26、e nd D n ext Mon day()10. The koala sleeps, but gets up.A duri ng the day。 at the eveningB at day duri ng ni ghtC in the day duri ng the eveningD duri ng the day 。 at ni ght二、请用正确动词形式填空。(10)1. I(have) an excit ing party last weeke nd.2. she(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she.3. WhatTom(do) on S

27、aturday eve ning?He(watch) TV and(read) an in teresti ng book.4. They all(go) to the mountains yesterday morni ng.5.She(not visit) her aunt last weeke nd.She(stay) at home and(do) some clea ning.6. Whe nyou(write) this song? I(write) it last year.7. My friend, Carol,（study） for the math test and（pra

28、ctice） En glish last ni ght.8. Mr. Li（do） the project on Mon day morning? Yes, he.9. How（be） Jims weeke nd? It（be not） bad.10. （be） your mother a sales assista nt last year? No. she.三、翻译下列句子（20）1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。Iexcit ing weeke nd.2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。Jenny likes. Shean En glish book last ni ght

29、.3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。EmmaTV every day. But heyesterday.4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。WhattheySaturday?Theyhomework and.5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。This morni ng Fangfangbecause his fatheryesterday.6. 你还有什么要说的？Whatwould you like?7. 放学另U忘了向老师说声再见。Don t forgetthe teacher.8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？WhyyouTV last ni ght?9. 他在

30、打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。When hethe classroom, hea watch on the ground.10. 他什么时候出生的？ 1980年。-Whe nhe? -1980.四、 改写句子：（20）1. Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucyher homework at home.2. He found some meat in the fridge （冰箱）.（变一般疑问句）hemeat in the fridge?3. There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句 ）thereorange

31、 in the cup?4. Frank read an in teresti ng book about history.（一般疑问句）Frankan in terest ing book about history?5. Why not go out for a walk?（同义句）out for a walk?6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book.（否定句）ThomasRMB 10 on this book.7. My family went to the beach last week.（划线提问）familylast week?8. I th ink

32、 she is Lily s sister.（否定句。注意否定转移）9. Sally ofte n does some readi ng in the morni ng. （否定句）Sallyofte nsome readi ng in the morning.10. He is a tall, thin boy.（划线提问）he?五、改错题(20)1. How is Jane yesterday?2. He go to school by bus last week.3. He ofte n goes home at 6:00 last mon th.4. I can fly kites s

33、even years ago.5. Did you saw him just now.6. Tom wasn t watch TV last night.7. I didn t my homework yesterday.8. He wait for you three hours ago.9. Who find it just now ?10. What make him cry (哭)just now?六、完形填空(10)Tom did no t like doing his homework,because he liked to do some 1_ things after scho

34、ol. And his teacher always 2 _ a lot of mistakes in h is homework .Then one day, his maths teacher 3 at Tom s homework and saw that he got all his answersright . He was very 4 _ and surprised (惊 奇). The next morning before class , he called Tom 5 _his desk and 6 _to him , “ You got all your homework

35、 right this time. Did your father help you ?” Sometimes Tom s father helped him with his homework , 7_ this time he didn t help Tom because he 8 at home . So Tom answered ,“ NO ,Sir. He Was busy last night, so I 9 _ to do it 10 _.”()1. A. others B. another C. the other D . other()2. A. made B. found C . looked at D . looked()3 . A .