【新上海牛津版】2015-2016初中英语八年级下册Unit5知识点语法精讲精练

1、 世纪金榜 圆您梦想 unit 5知识点讲解重点单词：file; wild; bamboo; adult; weight; kilogram; population; behaviour; birth; shoulder; central; menu; fur; cruel; organization; danger; face; asian; weigh常考短语：1. in the wild 在野生环境中 2. at birth 出生时3. on ones own 独自 4. close to 几乎；接近5. become/ be good at 擅长 6. he

2、ard of 听说7. at least 至少； 起码 10. cut down 砍倒11. give birth to 生孩子，产仔 12. learn about 知悉，了解13. a kind of 一种 14. betweenand 在和之间15. feel sorry about 为感到遗憾 16. at least 至少17. in memory of 纪念 18. fly away 飞离19. fall asleep 入睡 20. the number of 的数目21. protect sb./ sth. from/ against 保护某人或某物免受重点句型：1. it is

3、 not difficult for them to climb trees.2. they are strong enough to protect themselves.3. it is cruel of them to do so.4. a giant panda can eat as much as 30 kilograms of bamboo a day.5. they need to eat a lot to stay healthy, so they spend more than 12 hours a day eating.6. the rest of its body is

4、white.重点词汇变形：1. endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的；有生命危险的-endanger v. 危及；使遭到危险-danger n. 危险-dangerous adj. 危险的-dangerously adv. 危险地2. weight n. 重量 - weigh v. 重- heavy adj. 重的（=weighty）3. behaviour n. 行为- behave v. 表现4. protect v. 保护-protective adj. 防护的- protection n. 保护5. appearance n. 外貌- appear v. 显得；似乎-disapp

5、ear v. 消失6. west n. 西方-western adj. 西方的7. health n. 健康-healthy adj. 健康的8. cruel adj. 残忍的- cruelly adv. 残忍地-cruelty n. 残忍9. produce v. 生产- product n. 产品- production n. 产量10. sleep v. 睡觉-sleepy adj. 困倦的- asleep adj. 睡着的11. suggest v. 建议-suggestion n. 建议12. organization n. 组织- organize v. 组织- organizer

6、 n. 组织者【小练笔】1. the of the giant elephant is 500kg. (heavy)2. i am glad that your at school has improved. (behave)3. he is old enough himself. (protection)4. many wild animals are in . (dangerous)5. factories are trying to more to meet the needs of the customers. (produce)7. there are some to protect

7、 animals in the world. (organize)6. its very to play in the noisy street. (danger)考点荟萃：考点1：疑问词+不定式短语疑问代词或副词如what/ who/ whom/ which/ where/ when/ how后接不定式（即to +v原）。该结构常用作动词know/ tell/ ask/ teach等的宾语【原文呈现】 talk about how to save an endangered animal.e.g could you please teach me how to make dumplings?

8、 he asked me where to park his car.【中考链接】1. -which dress do you like best, madam?-sorry, i cant decide now. a. to buy which one b. buy which one c. which one to buy d. which i should buy it2. please tell us next. a. how to do b. what to do c. what to do it d. how i to do it考点2：population 1) populati

9、on 常与定冠词the连用，做主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。当主语表示“人口的百分之几，几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。e.g the worlds population is increasing faster and faster. about seventy percent of the population in our city are workers.2) 表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用much或little，而要用large或small。e.g the population of chongqing is large.3）表达“某地/某一范围内有多少人口”时，用have

10、 / has a population of e.g. china has a population of more than 1.3 billion.【中考链接】-whats population of shenzhen? -shenzhen has population of 1.2 million. a. /; a b. a; the c. the; a d. the; the考点3：rest 意为“剩余部分”； the rest of 意为“的剩余部分”注意：the rest of 后接不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数； 若后接可数名词复数做主语，则谓语动词用复数。【原

11、文呈现】the rest of its body is white. e.g. theyll eat some of the bread and keep the rest for breakfast.【拓展】1) rest 做名词，意为“休息” e.g we stopped to have a rest.2) rest 做动词，意为“休息，使休息” e.g they rested for half an hour.【中考链接】athe rest of the boys _ watching tvbthe rest of the money _ stolenawere，were bwas，we

12、re cwere，was dwas，was考点4：the number of与 a number of 【原文呈现】the total number of animals in an areathe number of 意为“的数量”，做主语时， 谓语动词用单数形式；a number of 意为“大量，许多”， 后可接可数名词复数，做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。e.g. a number of tourists are travelling to the great wall. the number of cities is increasing quickly.【中考链接】there a n

13、umber of books on the shelf, and the number of them 60. a. is; are b. is; is c. are; is d. are; are考点5. on ones own 独立地，自主地=by oneself【原文呈现】pandas like to live on their own.e.g. she missed the final practice so that kylie could play this piece of music on her own.【拓展】1）of ones own 意为“属于某人自己的” e.g. i

14、 have no house of my own.2) with ones own 意为“用某人自己的”，own后接名词 e.g. please do experiments with your own ideas.考点6：stay 连系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”【原文呈现】they need to eat a lot to stay healthy【拓展】连系动词be(am, is, are), become, get, turn, look, keep, seem等词的后面，说明主语的特征、状态或身份，后接形容词e.g. the food is delicious.这种食物美味可口。t

15、he story is very interesting.这个故事很有趣。【中考链接】he laughs , but he appears not .a. happy; happy b. happily; happily c. happy; happily d. happily; happy考点7. enough “足够地”作副词， 修饰形容词或副词。 enough “足够地”作形容词，修饰名词【中考链接】they have and to travel around the world.a. enough time; rich enough b. enough money; enough ri

16、chc. money enough; strong enough d. time enough; rich enough考点8：cut down “砍到”【原文呈现】people are cutting down forests, so the pandas are losing their homes.【拓展】 cut away 砍掉 cut back 剪短 cut off 砍下 cut up 切碎考点9：between 与 among 【原文呈现】the part of body between the arms and the necksbetweenand 在和之间 （两者之间）amo

17、ng （三者或三者以上之间）【中考链接】1. liming stands two desks. 2. a monkey stands lots of boys.考点10：instead与instead of (=in place of )【原文呈现】instead, you can move your eyes quickly over the text to find the information you need.【中考链接】i will read newspapers seeing a film. a. instead b. instead of c. and d. in the pl

18、ace of 考点11：look after 照顾，照看=take care of 【原文呈现】it look after endangered animals.【拓展】look at 看 look for 寻找 look like 看起来像 look up 查询【中考链接】linda, i have to go shopping now. please your little sister at home. a. look for b. look like c. look after d. look up考点12： feel sorry about = be sorry for “为感到遗憾

19、”【原文呈现】i feel sorry about it. 【中考链接】yesterday i didnt take part in the dancing competition, so i felt sorry about it. = yesterday i didnt take part in the dancing competition, so i it.考点13：must, have to must: 强调主观看法，没有人称，数和时态的变化。must 引起的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must；否定回答用neednt.have to: 强调客观需要。有人称，数和时态的变化，进行句式转换时

20、要借助动词do/does/did.e.g. we must work hard at our lessons. you have to wear sports shoes for your p.e. class.【中考链接】1. -must i go to medical school and be a doctor like you, dad? - no, you , son. youre free to make your own decision. a. cant b. mustnt c. shouldnt d. neednt 2. you smoke. you are only 14

21、and it isnt allowed. a. mustnt b. dont have to c. neednt d. wont 考点14：stop to do/ stop doing remember to do/ remember doing 【中考链接】1. remember off the lights when you leave the classroom. a. turn b. to turn c. turning d. turned 2. if you dont feel well, you may just . a. stop reading b. stopped readi

22、ng c. stopped to read d. stop to read 语法：句型结构1. it is important for us to protect them.2. it is cruel of them to do so3. they are strong enough to protect themselves.it is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.表示做某事对某人来说很adj.句中的adj.应该是对这件事的评价。这句型可用的形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价。这类形容词有difficult, easy, hard, important

23、, dangerous, (im)possible等。练习一：1. 对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险its very_ _ children to cross the busy street2. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难its_ _ us to finish the work3. 拥有健康的饮食习惯对我们来说很必要its _ _ us to have healthy eating habits4. 保护环境对我们来说很重要its_ _ us to protect the environmentit is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.表示某人做某事是adj. 句中的adj

24、.应该是对这个人做这件事的评价，形容词多用形容人的。这句型可用的形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格，品质的，如kind, good, nice, right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish等练习二;1. 你离开他是很明智的it is_ _ you to leave him.2. 你能帮我，真好its very_ _ you to help me.3. 你真聪明，解出了这道数学题its_ _ you to work out the maths problem.注意区别：of sb.的句型通常都可以转换为不定式作状语的句子，但for sb.句型不可以

25、。如：1. its very nice of you to offer me a seat.=you are nice to offer me a seat.2. it is careless of him to lose so many things.=he is careless to lose so many things.练一练：its kind of you to help me.=_._. =you are right to do that.adj.+enough+(not) to do足以adj.（而不）去做某事。enough是副词，修饰前面的形容词，表示程度，enough后面的

26、动词不定式表示结果。因此，“形容词+enough+动词不定式”结构可以用 “so.that.”结构改写。john is strong enough to carry the box.=john is so strong that he can carry the box.练习三：1. 他足够大以至于能完成这项任务. he is_ _ _ finish this task.2. 他足够聪明可以顺利地做一名领导者. he is_ _ _ be a leader.3. it is difficult enough_ _ _ this problem.(work out)4. he is rich e

27、nough_ _ this new car.(buy)5. she is pretty enough_ _ the gentlemen.(attract)总结：1.not+adj.+enough+to do sth. 2.adj.+enough+not to do sth=too.to 3.so.that./such.that.能力检测：用介词for,of填空1. its bad _ you to smoke.2. it is nice_ you to give me such advice.3. it is important _ me to protect wildlife.4. its

28、polite_ you to keep quiet when youre eating.5. it was generous_ her to lend me so much money.6. it is easy_ me to answer this question.7. it is difficult_ me to work out this problem.8. its clever_ her not to take the gift.9. it is unnecessary _ me to sweep the floor.10. it is happy_ me to help othe

29、rs.完成句子1. 我的邻居很好，我不在家的时候帮我照顾我的小狗_ kind_ my neighbour to care for my little dog.2. 大家共同预防事故的发生是必要的its necessary _ us to prevent accidents_ _.3. 新体育馆足够大，能容纳3,000个观众the new stadium is_ _ _ hold 3,000 spectators.4. 他太忙了，不能为孩子们准备晚餐he is_ _ _ prepare the dinner for the children.5. 他跑得太快了，没人能追上他he ran_ fas

30、t_ no one could catch up with him.综合运用：单词拼写：1. the pandas like eating b_ very much.2. the p_ of our city is about 460,000.3. we should f_ difficulty bravely.4. china is an a_ country.5. a number of w_ animals are in danger.完成句子：1.对我们来说保护熊猫很重要。it is important for us _ _ the pandas.2.大卫年龄不够大，不能够去上学。da

31、vid is not old _ _ go to school.3.我一天花费超过两个小时做家庭作业。i _ more than two hours a day _ my homework.4.它们有3000只在野生环境中。there are 3,000 of them _ _ _.5.我们学校有接近2000名学生。our school has _ _ 2,000 students.单选：1._ is really hard _ them to climb such a high mountain.a. this, to b. it, to c. this, for d. it, for2.

32、shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains.a.to go b. going c. go d. went3.-would you please show me the way _ the bank? -yes, go straight ahead. its across from a school.a.in b.for c.with d.to4. do you know the girl _ long hair?a.have b.has c.with d.is5. now the number of chinese people working

33、africa _ more than one million.a.is b.are c.was d.were6. thanks for your invitation, but im so sorry i cant go. i need to _ my baby at home.a.take away b.take off c.take care of d.take out of7.-dad, why must i stop _ computer games? -for your health, my boy.a.play b.to play c.to playing d.playing8.-

34、_ the population of china? -its about 1.3 billion.a.whats b.how many is c.how much is d.how is9.-can i borrow your ruler, please? -yes, you _. but you must return it to me before lunchtime.a.have b.can c.must d.used to10.-how do you like the concert given? -exciting, _ one piece of the music wasnt p

35、layed quite well.a.though b.because c.so d.and11.i find _ hard to learn english well.a.this b.it c.that d.they翻译：1.对我们来说保持健康很重要。2.作为青少年我们应该懂如何保护自己。3.人类必须停止砍伐森林。4.由于地震，许多人丧失了家园。5.小女孩没有足够大，不能自己穿衣服。书面表达：请以“saving tigers”为题，为某中学生英文报专栏写一篇80词左右的征文稿，内容要点如下：1.老虎是人们在动物园里最喜欢观看的动物之一。2.现在世界上仅存大约3200只老虎，数目日趋减少。3

36、.老虎处境危险的原因。4.保护老虎的建议。写作技巧点拨：1.根据本单元所学到的内容：谈世界上濒危动物之一-大熊猫，结合所学句型，广泛思考，进行仿写：点明老虎的现存数量等。2.提出保护老虎的建议要有条理。unit 5 save the endangered animals一、重点词汇1)hear of (hear about) 听说2) be born in + 地方（大地方） 出生在某地 be born on + 时间 出生在（是什么时候） be born at + 地方（小地方）出生在某地3)look after take care of 照顾care for4) show a great

37、love for 显示了很大的喜爱5) become good at 6) .until. 直到7) go missing 不见，丢失8) look for 寻找9) day and night 日以继日10) on the second night 11) fall into 陷入12）high up 在高处13）on ones own (by oneself) 独自地14）in the wild 在野外15) up to 高达 16) cut down 砍倒，削减17) lose ones home 流离失所18) as +adj/adv as (否定：not as/so +adj/adv

38、 as)19) 花时间 人+spend+时间+on sth./ (in) doing sth. it takes +人+ 时间 +to do sth.20）花钱：人 + spend + 钱 + on + 物 人+ pay + 钱 + for + 物 物 + cost + 人 + 钱二、句型分析 1. it is about a girl called xu xiujuan.（l2)called 被叫做，被称为那个穿红色衬衣的男孩子叫做tom.the boy in red t-shirt is called tom.2. xiujuan started helping her father wh

39、en she was young. start doing sth 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doingstart to do意思是指“开始去做某事”3. she enjoyed taking care of the baby cranes. (l8)enjoy +v -ing以下单词有相同用法：love/like, mind, finish, practise, mean( ) 1. jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. a.to wait b.wait c.waiting d.waited( ) 2. we should often

40、practise _ english with each other.a.to speak b.spoke c.speak d.speaking 4. if a bird became sick, she took good care of it and stayed with itevery day until it was strong enough to fly again.he didnt come back home until he finished the work.5. a song was written in memory of xiujuan. 被动语态 be + v-e

41、dthe trees in garden are taken good care of by him every day.花园里的树每天被他悉心照顾。6. it has a white face with black patches around its eyes. 。这里介词短语with black patches around its eyes.在句中作定语。there isa river in my hometown with tall trees on both sides.这种结构更常见于表示伴随的状况，它的结构是with+名词或代词+分词/形容词/介词短语/不定式/副词。如（1）h

42、e fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。（2）with a lotofhomework to do,i dont think i have time to watch tv.因为有许多家庭作业要做，我想我没时间看电视了。（3）a teacher came in with a book in his hand.一位老师手里拿着一本书走了进来。（4）with all the lights on, the room is very bright. 所有的灯都开着，因此房间里很明亮。（5）he fell asleep with the window

43、open.他开着窗睡着了。三、语法讲解1. it is+adj+for sb. (n.名词/ pron.代词) to do sth. difficult convenient important impossiblepossible necessary easy2. it is+adj+of sb. (n.名词 /pron代词) to do sth.bad brave careless clever cruelgenerous good kind mean politerightrude silly foolish wise wrong 例如：it is not difficult for t

44、hem to climb trees.it is important for us to protect them.it is cruel of them to do so.3. adj.（形容词）+ enough + to do sth.they are strong enough to protect themselvesstrong light heavy big largetall deep wide thick softsmooth shiny good earlysmall big young old【随堂巩固】一、根据中文意思完成下列句子1. 他竟然忘了今天要考试，真是太愚蠢了！

45、 it is_ _him to forget _ _ the exam today.2. 我跑得够快，终于赶上了回家的最后一班公车。 i ran_ _ _ _the last bus to go home.3. 对学生来说，努力学习是很重要的。 it is _ _ students _ study hard.4. 你这样一整天玩电脑游戏是不对的！ it is wrong _you to play computer games all day!5. 问题够简单的了，他能回答上来。 the question is _ _him_answer.6. 河水够深来游泳吗？ is the river_ _

46、for swimming?7. 我有足够的钱买台彩电。 i have_ _ _ _ a color tv set.8. 对我们来说,努力学习是重要的._ _ _for us to study hard.9. 我发现记英语单词很难. i_ _difficult_remember english words.10. 对于一个外国人来说，学习汉语是困难的。_ _ _a foreigner to learn chinese.二、单选题1. xiao yang has learned_to study in the u.s. a. english enough b. enough englishc. m

47、ore english d. much english2. the man is_buy a benz. a. enough rich to b. rich enough to c. enough rich d. rich enough3. we can have the 11th winter sports when its _. a. cold b. enough fine c. dry enough d. wet enough4. do you find _ easy to learn english? a.that b.this c.it d./5. _is important for us to keep the balance of nature. a.this b.that c.there d.it6. _is very important to learn english well. a. this b. it c. that d. he7. is _ necessary to complete the d