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1、英语初二上册重点知识点讲解Module 1 How to leann English1. pair n.(相关的)两个人,一对,一双,一副a pair of socksa pair of gloves two pairs of trousers一双袜子一副手套两条裤子e.g. A pair ofteenage boys are watching a football game.两个青少年正在看足球赛。2. correctcorrect exercise books.(1) v.改正,纠正e.g. The teacher returned to her room to老师回到房间去改练习本。Co

2、rrect the spelling.纠正拼写。(2) adj.正确的;恰当的e.g. correct pronunciation正确发音Do you have the correct time ?你的表走得准吗?3. advice(1) n.意思是“意见,建议”, 为不可数名词,可用some much, a piece of ,pieces of 等修饰,不能说 an advice 或 many/a few advices 。(2) 表示“有关的建议”时,用介词on,接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式。e.g. Let s ask for his advice on what to do n

3、ext.我们去征求一下他的意见下一步该怎么办。s advice 接受某人的建议征求意见s advice 接受(拒绝)某人的建议 向某人提供建议常见搭配:take/follow oneask for adviceaccept/refuse one offer advice to sb.拓展:advise vt .建议常见搭配:advise sb. to do sth.advise that sb. (should) do sth.e.g. My teacher advises me to leave now.老师建议我现在就离开。We advise measures (should ) be t

4、aken to stop pollution at once.我们建议立即采取措施以阻止污染。4. We should always speak English in class.我们应该总是在课堂上说英语。should是情态动词,意思是“应该”。通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务 should/shouldn t do sth.e.g. He should work harder.他应该更加努力。You should help your mother with the housework.你们应该帮妈妈做家务。5. Let s try to speak English as much as

5、possible.让我们一起尽可能地说英语。(1) e.g. They are trying to studyEnglish well.他们正努力学好英语。I am trying doing it in this way.我正试着用这种方法做。We should try/do our best to helpthe people in trouble.我们应该尽最大努力帮助困境中的人们。(2) 译为“尽量”、“尽最大努力(可能)”,主要用于as.as possible/o ne can 。e.g. You should rest as much as possible .你应当尽量多休息。I

6、have helped you as much as I can . Now it is up to you.我已尽我所能地帮助你了。现在该看你自己了。6. Each time you will learn something new. I also advise you to talk about the filmsor songs with your frie nds.每次你将会学习一些新东西。我也建议你和朋友们谈论电影或歌曲。time的用法:(1) time侧重指“时间”这一概念,或说明“时间”的量, time用作不可数名词,前面可much, little, a lot of, ple

7、nty of等修饰。e.g. This saves time and allows farmers to grow an extra crop in each seas on.这节省了时间,使农民能够在每个季节中多种点庄稼。(2) 当作“次数;倍数”讲时,time是可数名词。e.g. I have been to Beijingthree times .我去过北京三次。(3) time构成的短语:at a time一次, 每一次at one time曾经,一度at times /from time to time有时,偶尔all the time总是,一直in time及时,迟早on time

8、准时(4) time构成的句型: It s time for sb. to do sth./It s (high ) time sb. did sth.该是某人干的时间了。e.g. It s time forchildren to go to bed.是小孩睡觉的时候了。It s high time that we started.我们该出发了。 each time (每次),next time (下次),the first/last time(第一次 / 最后一次的时候)等词组引导的时间状语从句。e.g. The last time I went to China, I visited Sh

9、anghai.我上次到中国时,游览了上海。14. I suggest you write four or five words a day on pieces of paper and place them inyUB room.我建议你一天把四个或者五个单词写在纸上并且放在你的房间里。 suggests Mie s) do mg stHsuggest,做动词,表示“建议,提议”的意思,对应的名词是suggestion。suggest的用法: I sueeest that sb. (should do sthe.g. She suggested an early start.她建议早一点出发。

10、I suggested his / him giving upthe foolish idea.我建议他放弃那愚蠢的念头。She suggested thatthe class meet ing(should) not be held on Saturday.她建议班会不要在星期六举行。注意:当suggest表示“暗示,表明”的意思,它后面接宾语从句,谓语用真实的时态,而 不用“ should+动词原形”。e.g.他脸上的表情表明他很开心。(x) The expression on his face suggested that he should be very happy.(V) The

11、expression on his face suggested that he was very happy 游览了上海。Module 2 My home tow n and my country1. It is on the River Cam and has a population of about 120,000.它(剑桥)位于康河河畔,人口约为12万。population n.意思是“人口,居民”,它是一个集体名词,它的用法有时较为特殊,所以很容易用错。 population 常与定冠词the连用,作主语用时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。e.g. The world s popu

12、lationis increasing faster and faster.全世界的人口增长得越来越快。 当主语是表示“人口的百分之几、几分之几”时,谓语动词用复数形式。e.g. About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers. 中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。 有时population可用作可数名词,其前可用不定冠词。e.g. China has a population of about 1.3 billion.=There is a populati on of about 1.3 billi on in Chi

13、na.中国大约有十三亿人口。 表示人口的“多”或“少”,不用“ much或“ little ” ,而要用“ large ”或“ small ”。e.g. India has a large population印度人口众多。Sin gapore has a small populati on新加坡人口少。 询问某国、某地有多少人口时,不用“ How much. ?”,而用“ How large. ?”。在 问具体人口时用“ What. ?”。e.g. What is the populati on ofCan ada?=How large is the populati on ofCan ad

14、a?加拿大的人口有多少?The population of Canada is about 29 million.加拿大的人口大约有二千九百万。2. It has a population of about seven and a halfmillion , so it is bigger and busiertha n Cambridge.它(伦敦)大约有750万人口,所以比剑桥更大更繁忙。(1) million 是数词,意思是“百万。它的用法如下: 当与具体数字连用时,习惯上用单数,而且也不后接介词of。e.g. three million people 三百万人He was prepar

15、ed to pay two million .他愿意支付200万。但是,后面的名词有了 the, these, those等特指限定词修饰时,或其后的接的是us, them这 样的人称代词时,则此时必须用介词of oe.g. About three million of them have left there.他们当中约有三百万人离开了那儿。 当不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要用复数,而且要后接介词of,然后才能接名词。e.g. A careless mistake cost the companymillions ofpounds.一个粗心的错误使公司蒙受数百镑的损失。

16、拓展:与million 有相同用法的数词还有:hundred (百),thousand (千),billion(十亿)。本节课主要学习形容词的比较级的规则变化及用法。(1)规则变化:类别构成方法原级比较级一般直接加-erlong tallIon ger taller不发音的e结尾时加-rlatelater单音节词和largelarger少数双音节辅音字母加y结尾时把yeasyeasier词变i,再加-erhappyhappier重读闭音节结尾并且只有bigbigger一个辅音子母时,双与最hothotter后的辅音子母,再加-er(2)形容词比较级用法 表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级,最明显

17、的提示词是than,其结构为“ A+比较级+tha n+B”。e.g. Li Lei s room is bigger than mine.李雷的房间比我的大。This moon cake is ni cer tha n that one.这块月饼比那块好吃。 有表示程度的副词 a little ,a bit ,a few,a lot ,much, even,still ,far, rather , any等修饰时,用形容词比较级。e.g. I feel even worse now.我现在觉得更难受了。It is much colder today tha n before.今天比以前冷得多

18、。 比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”,“小多少”,“长多 少”,“短多少”等。e.g. I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.这栋楼房比那栋高20米。 表示“两者之间最一个(of the two) ”时,常用“ the+比较级”结构。e.g. Mary is the taller of the twins.Mary是双胞胎中的高个子。 表示“越来越”,用比较级重叠结构,即“比较级+and+比较级”,多音节词和部分双音节词时用“ more

19、and more+形容词原级”。e.g. It s getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和。Our home tow n is beco ming more and more beautiful.我们的家乡越来越漂亮了Module 3 Sports节课进一步学习形容词和副词的比较级的规则变化和不规则变化(1)规则变化:类别构成方法原级比较级多音节词和部分双 音节词在原级前加morecareful beautifulmore carefulmore beautiful在原级前加lessimporta ntless importa ntuse

20、fulless useful(2)不规则变化:原级比较级good/well (身体好的)bettermany/muchmorebad/illworseittlelessfarfarther(较远) further(进一步)oldolder elder(较年长的)(3) 形容词和副词比较级用法 表示两者进行比较时用比较级,最明显的提示词是than,其结构为“ A+比较级+than+B”。e.g. The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮更大。This painting is ni cer tha n that one.这幅绘画比那幅更漂亮。 有表示程度的副词 a

21、 little ,a bit ,a few,a lot ,much, even,still ,far, rather , any等修饰时,用比较级。e.g. I feel even better now.我现在觉得好多了。It is much cooler today tha n before.今天比以前凉爽得多。 比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”,“小多少”,“长多 少”,“短多少”等。e.g. This house is 10 meters higher than that one.这栋楼房比那栋高10米。 表示“两者之间最一个(of the two) ”时,常

22、用“ the+比较级”结构。e.g. Mary is the fatter of the twins.Mary是双胞胎中较胖的。 表示“越来越”,用比较级重叠结构,即“比较级+and+比较级”,多音节词和部分双 音节词时用“ more and more+形容词原级”。e.g. It s getting warmer and warmer in spring.春天天气变得越来越暖和。Our city is beco ming more and more beautiful.我们的城市越来越漂亮了。 表示“越就越”时,用“ the+比较级,the+比较级”结构e.g. The busier he

23、is, the happier he feels.他越忙越高兴。Module 4 Planes, ships and trains(1)规则变化:类别构成方法原级最咼级单音节词和少数双 音节词一般直接加-estlong tallIon gest tallest不发音的e结尾时加-stlate largelatest largest辅音字母加y结尾 时把y变i,再加-esteasy happyeasiest happiest重读闭音节结尾并 且只有一个辅音字 母时,双写最后的辅 音字母,再加-estbig hotbiggest hottest多音节词和部分双 音节词在原级前加 mostcaref

24、ul beautifulmost carefulmost beautiful在原级前加leastimporta nt usefulleast importa nt least useful(2)不规则变化:原级最咼级good/well (身体好的)bestmany/muchmostbad/illworstittleleast:arfarthest(更远的) furthest(最大程度)oldoldesteldest(较年长的)(3)形容词最高比较级用法表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the,句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。(of表示同范围,

25、in表示不同范围)e.g. He is the strongest of the three boys.在三个男孩子中,他是最强壮的。Shan ghai is the biggest city in Chi na.上海是中国最大的城市。 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时,用“ Which/Whois+the+最高级,A, B or C?结构。e.g. Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?哪个城市最漂亮,北京,上海还是福州? 表示“最的之一”时,用“ one of the+形容词最高级”结构,该形容词后

26、面的名词要用复数形式。e.g. Zhou Jiel un is one of the most popular sin gers.周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌星之一。 形容词最高级前面可以加序数词,表示“第几最”。e.g. The Changjiang River is the first Iongest river in China.长江是中国第一大长河。 形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词,指示代词,名词所有格等修饰,但此时不能再用定冠词 the。e.g. This is our last less on today.这是我们今天的最后一节课。 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。e.g. Li Le

27、i is the tallest student in his class.李雷是班上最高的学生。=Li Lei is taller tha n any other stude nt in his class.李雷比班上其他任何一个学生都高。=Li Lei is taller tha n the other stude nts in his class.李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。=Li Lei is taller tha n anyone else in his class.李雷比班上其他任何人都高。Module 5 Lao She Teahouse重点知识讲解1. offer(1)做动词

28、,意思是“提供;提议;提出”。常用的搭配: offer sth.e.g. Many people willinglyoffered their blood.很多人自愿献血。 offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.把某物给予某人e.g. The young man offered the old man his own seat on the bus.=The young man offered his own seat to the old man on the bus.那个年轻人在公共汽车上将自己的座位让给了那位老人。 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某

29、事e.g. She offered to lend me her bike.她提出将自行车借给我。(2)做名词,表示愿做某事或给予某物(后接of/to do sth) 。e.g. Thank you for your kindoffer of helpingme.=Thank you for your kind offer to help me.谢谢你提供的帮助。2. Show show做及物动词,意为“展示;显示;给看”,show后可接双宾语。 show sb. sth. 或show sth. to sb.给某人看或者展示某物e.g. Show me your pen, please.=Sh

30、ow your pen to me, please.请让我看一下你的钢笔。Showyour tickets, please.请出示车票。注意:在“show+、可接宾语+直接宾语”结构中,若直接宾语为指物的代词it或them时,只能 用“ show it(them) to sb. ” 结构。你有一支钢笔,请给我看看。You have a new pen, please show it to me . VYou have a new pen, please show me it. x 意为“带领”,常构成短语 show sb. to,意为“带某人去”;show sb. around,意为“带某人参

31、观”。e.g. Please show me to your school.请带我到你们学校去。Uncle Wang is going to show us around his farm.王叔叔将带领我们参观他的农场. show+ that从句 看出或者显示说明e.g. Your homework shows that you are careful.从你的作业上可以看出你很认真。此外,show还可用作名词,意为“展览;陈列;演出”,常构成短语on show,意为“陈列,展览”。e.g. There is going to be a pictureshow in our school.我们学

32、校将举办一次画展。His pictures are on show now.他的画现在正在展览。3. If you like the Beijing Opera, traditionalmusic or magic shows, you can enjoy them at the teahouse.如果你喜欢京剧、传统音乐和魔术表演,你可以在这家茶馆里欣赏到它们。(1) 这个句子是一个由if引导的条件状语从句。if是连词,意思是“如果;若”。主句是 you can enjoy them at the teahouse,从句是 you like the Beijing opera, tradit

33、ionalmusic or magic shows 。思考:如何使用if条件状语从句呢?件状语从句表示在某条件下,某事很可能发生。紧跟在 if后面的句子是从句。e.g. If you ask him , he will help you如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。If you fail in the exam ,you will let him down如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。 另外,if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或 假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时,表示对现在或过去的一种假设。e.g. If I were you , I would i

34、nvite him to the party.如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。学习小窍门:if条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能,主句多用将来时;条件句表事实,主句常用现在时。 if :当“是否”讲时,引导宾语从句。e.g. I don t know if he will be free tomorrow.我不知道他明天是否有空。注意:if引导的条件状语从句中,如果主句使用的是一般将来时,或含有情态动词的句子或 祈使句,从句通常用一般现在时。e.g. If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo.如果明天

35、下雨的话,我们将不去动物园。If he comes, let me know.如果他来,让我知道。(从句用一般现在时,主句是祈使句) 难点知识讲解:动词不定式(I )(1) 动词不定式的含义生活中我们常遇到“我努力去理解”、“决定留下来”等表达方式,其中连续出现了两个动词,这种情况下英语应该如何表达呢?首先请看下面的例句:We decided to stay for a cup of tea.我们决定留下来喝杯茶。I tried to un dersta nd the words.我努力理解这些话。I want to go to the teahouse.我想去茶馆。这三个句子中使用了 dec

36、ide to do sth. ,want to do sth. ,try to do sth. 的表达方 式,即行为动词后的动词都采用了“ to+动词原形”的结构。我们把这种结构称为动词不定式。 其否定形式是“ not to do ”。(2) 动词不定式作宾语的用法动词不定式置于谓语动词之后,作动词的宾语,表明意图、希望或决定的内容。在英语中,并不是所有两个动词连用时都采用“动词 + 不定式”的形式,一般说来,用不 定式时,所表示的多为将来的行为。但是在具体使用中同学们还要注意记忆,因为动词不同, 其后动词形式的要求也就不同。更零常见的后面接“ tOi十动I词原形”作宾语的动!词有止亡I pp

37、lan, fodecide, tiy, like, love .等。口诀(接不定式作宾语的动词hope, want, agree, offer,想要学习早打算(Wn羅韜in ) 快准备 有希望(preparehopeWsheXpecf血1hereara 同意否供选择(蛊greefOffe? :ChOose )决定了 尽力去 别拒绝 失败不汤姆拒绝把他的钢笔借给我。We hope我们希望The g 啊这个女孩注意:某之前e before dark.到达那儿。和挪歸略尿険晞決动词定式作宾语,但意义不同的有:u lodkaroimcide determ ine promise ) age undeK

38、ake ).一听到有.3他的書皋WW下来到处Module 6 Ani mals in dan ger1. 形容词变成副词的规律。一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如:quick quickly, slow slowly, loud loudly, sudden suddenly 等。特殊情况:构成方法例子一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,happy happily,要把y改为i再加-ly 。angry an grily有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词,去掉epossible possibly加-y。terrible terribly少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加true tru

39、ly-ly。polite politely但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接 加-ly 。widewidely以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在carefulcarefully词尾加-ly,而不是只加-y。除非是以-llusefulusefully结尾的才在词尾只加-y。full fully温馨提示:副词修饰行为动词这一点。如:He is very(careful).He does everythi ng(carefully)第一句中是作表语,用形容词careful ;第二句中修饰行为动词 does用副词carefully 。常考的形容词和副词辨析有:hard努力hardly几乎不;late

40、迟的,晚的lately 近来; deep 深deeply 深深地;near靠近nearly 差不多;wide 宽widely 广泛地;high高的highly 高度地;close 靠近的closely 密切地;free 免费的freely自由地。典例剖析:but his sisterstudies.B. hardly , hardlyD. hardly , hardTom studiesA. hard,hardC. hard,hardly答案:C解题技巧:hard和hardly的区别,通常我们会认为 hard的副词是hardly,事实”。hard作为Tom学习努力,此题第一个陷阱是 上hard

41、既是adj.又是adv.,而hardly是另外一个adv.,中文是“几乎不 adv.时,通常在修饰的动词之后,而 hardly通常在动词之前,译这句中文“ 而他的妹妹则几乎不学习。”同根副词意义有别的。4. -ing形容词和-ed形容词的区别。-ing形容词n teresti ng 有趣的-ed形容词 nterested 感兴趣 的例句I have an in teresti ng book. He is in terested in scie nee.excit ing令人兴奋的excited感到兴奋的Haveyou heard of the excit ing n ews? We are

42、excited about the traveli ng.moving令人感动的表示主动意义,多指 事物对人的影响,一 般修饰事物moved受感动的表示被动意义,多指 人对事物的感受,主 语一般是人,常用于“sb.+ -ed形容词+介词”结构。Tita nic is a movi ng film.Weare movedby Hong Zhan hui deeply.We are all in terested in theinteresting story.5. 复习动词不定式。(1)不定式的基本形式是“ to +动词原形”,或省略to用动词原形。在句中使用时不能作谓 语,但可以和自己的宾语或

43、状语构成不定式短语。e.g. The mother wants her to read English every day.母亲要她的儿子每天读英语。My mother asked me not to read in bed.我的母亲要求我不要躺在床上看书。(2)不定式的句法作用:动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用,它可以作宾语、宾补和状语。 作宾语e.g. He wants to go out with her.他想和她一起出去。(want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”)a. 一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望,如:wouldlike, wan

44、t, wish, hope, decide, pla n, expect等。e.g. Would you like to see a film this evening?你今晚想去看电影吗?b. 在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在句末。e.g. I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很简单。 作宾语补足语:动词不定式作宾补时,它与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。e.g. Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露丝要他关小收音机。(他关小收音机)注意:动词不定式在使

45、役动词 make, let和感官动词see, watch, hear, feel等词后作宾补时,常省去不定式符号to。 had better, would rather后的不定式也不带to,help后的不定 式可带to,也可不带to。e.g. Her mother makes her do homework every evening.她母亲要她每天晚上都写作业。Let s see the dolphins.我们去看海豚吧。I hear her sing every day.我听见她每天都唱歌。You d better do homework first.你最好先做作业。但make, see,

46、 hear等词在被动语态中,其后的不定式要带to。e.g. She was heard to speak English.有人听到她说英语。 作目的状语,表示某一动作或状态的目的,常常翻译成“为了”。它可置于句首或者句末。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时,还可以在前面加in order to或so as to。e.g. Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.王女士去上海看望她的女儿。To arrive in time , we II start early.为了及时到达,我们将早出发。We should work hard in o

47、rder to pass the exam. =We should work hard so as to pass the exam. 我们应该努力学习以便我们能通过考试。注意:不定式的否定形式是在不定式前加not。e.g. They told us not to play basketball too long. 他们告诉我们不要打太长时间的篮球。You d better not go to bed late.你最好不要睡觉太晚。M7 A famous story1. a girl called Alice.此处called为过去分词,修饰girl2. fall dow n跌倒,掉下 fal

48、l beh indfall into 落入中 fall offfall asleep 入睡 fall ill,放在名词之后。相当于 named.跟不上,落在后面从上掉下来 fall back 退回生病Eg : She fell down and hurt her leg yesterday. Leaves fall off the trees in fall.They felt tired and fell asleep quickly.3. It was sitt ing in a tree and smili ng at every one.in a tree (外来物或人)在树上l_on

49、 a tree (树上本身有的东西:apple等)在树上Eg : There is a bird in the tree.There are a lot of apples on the tree.smile at sb 对 sb 微笑Eg: Lucy is very kind and always smiles at others.4. “到达”的表达:arrive in+ 大地点 get to +地点 reach + 地点I at+ 小地点 (get hometherehere)5. have a tea party举办茶会6. To see if you remember the sto

50、ry.To see为不定式,在此处作目的状语,表示“为了看看”If引导的是一个宾语从句,表示“是否”,不充当任何成分,与whether可以互换7. have nothing to do没什么事可做no thi ngsomethi ng to eatdri nkno th ing作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数8. once or twice=from time to time彳禺尔Eg : Once or twice he goes to school on foot.once 次 twice 两次三次及以上:数词 +times three times six times9. what for

51、?=why? 为什么?; 有什么用?Eg : -What are you sitting on the eggs for?- I m sitting on them to hatch the chicks.(2)Why are you late aga in?-Because there is an accide nt on the road.10. n othi ng strange没什么奇怪的事形容词strange作后置定语,修饰不定代词nothing。在英语中,当形容修饰不定代词somethinganythingnothingeverything等时,形容词必须放在不定代词后面, 作后置

52、定语。Eg : I have something important to do.There is someth ing stra nge appeared in the sky.11. hear sb do sth听到sb做sth(此处是省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,类似的有 makelethavehelp sb do sth等)hear sb doing sth听至U sb 正在做 sthEg: I heard her play the piano in the next room just now.I hear some one singing in the room.12. tak

53、e sth out of sp把 sth 从 sp 掏出rushjump out of sp 从 sp 冲 跳出去13. - across表示动作是在物体的表面进行,如过河,过桥,过马路。through表示动作是在物体的内部空间进行,如穿过森林、门、隧道,光线射入等Eg : Be careful to look both ways before you go across the road.The driver must slow dow n whe n they drive through the tunn el.14. too to太而不能Eg : He is too young to c

54、arry the heavy bag.拓展:(1) too to可以和sothat 互换Eg : She is too young to go to school.=She is so young that she can t go to school.(2) too to可以和notenough to互换(not后的形容词与too后的形容词是相反的)Eg : She is too young to go to school.=She is not old eno ugh to go to school.15. la nd on 落到上;着陆Eg: The pla ne will la nd on the isla nd in five mi nu tes.16. 宾语从句:(1) 定义:在主从复合句中,充当宾语成分的从句就叫做宾语从句。(2) 位置:常在及物动词或介词之后。(3) 弓I导词that无意义,不充当任何成分,常可以省略;ifwhether 表示“是否”,不充当任何成分,两者可以互换,但有or not时只能用 whether ;whowhatwherewhenwhy 等表示“谁”、“什么”、“哪里”、“何时”、“为 什么”,分别可以充当主语、宾语、地点状语、时间状语和原因状语,不

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