高中英语Unit1GreatscientistsGrammar课件新人教版必修5

1、 同学们，你们还记得在同学们，你们还记得在 Book 4 Unit 3 A taste of English humour 中有这样三个句子吗？中有这样三个句子吗？ 1. Such training was common in acting families . 2. He grew more and more popular as his charming character . 3. The acting is so convincing that . 通过观察，我们不难发现第通过观察，我们不难发现第1、 2句是动词句是动词-ing形式作定语，且形式作定语，且 放在被修饰的名词前面；第放在

2、被修饰的名词前面；第3句句 是动词是动词-ing形式作表语，放在形式作表语，放在be 动词的后面。今天我们要学习动词的后面。今天我们要学习 与动词与动词-ing形式相对应的过去分形式相对应的过去分 词作定语和表语的用法。词作定语和表语的用法。 过去分词作表语一般用来过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或表示感受或 状态状态（系动词（系动词 + 过去分词）过去分词） No wonder he is excited! (predictive) 可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有： delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, exci

3、ted, frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied 过去分词作定语：过去分词作定语： 1. 分词可以用作前置定语，此时，分分词可以用作前置定语，此时，分 词和名词之间有两种语意关系：一词和名词之间有两种语意关系：一 种是分词表示主动（但时间上已经种是分词表示主动（但时间上已经 过去）；一种是分词表被动。过去）；一种是分词表被动。 He is a retired worker. 他是一个退休工人。他是一个退休工人。 This is a newly-developed device.

4、这是一个新开发的工具。这是一个新开发的工具。 2. 过去分词作后置定语时，其功过去分词作后置定语时，其功 能相当于一个定语从句。能相当于一个定语从句。 Past Participle as the Attributive Look at the following sentences where the past participle is used. Find two more examples in the reading passage of each usage. Example: 1. So many thousands of terrified people died. 1 过去分

5、词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定 语，前后常有逗号。语，前后常有逗号。 Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train. 他们当中有一些人，生长在农村，从他们当中有一些人，生长在农村，从 未见过火车。未见过火车。 2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移 到修饰非人的事物，变成所

6、谓的转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移 形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接 修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直 接有关。接有关。 The general stared at him in startled admiration. 将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。 Attention e.g. We asked two of Chinas many talented journalists to tell us more about new. I want to write about people a

7、ddicted to drugs. When the past participle is a single word, where do you put, before the noun modified or after it? When the past participle is a phrase, where do you put? 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般过去分词短语用作定语时，一般 皆置之于其所修饰的名词之后，皆置之于其所修饰的名词之后， 其意义相当于一个定语从句，但其意义相当于一个定语从句，但 较从句简洁，多用于口语中。较从句简洁，多用于口语中。 There were tw

8、enty or thirty monkeys huddled along the branches as still as statues. 有二三十个猴子蜷缩在树枝有二三十个猴子蜷缩在树枝 上，静如雕像。上，静如雕像。 Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof. 卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气 是装载车顶上的袋中。是装载车顶上的袋中。 Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past participle. - I he

9、ar you and James are engaged at last. - Yes, we are. - When are you getting married? - In the spring. - Oh, lovely. Wheres the wedding going to be? Past Participle as the Predicative Example: But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people. Now find two more examples in the read

10、ing passage. He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood. Past Participle as an attribute Past Participle as the predicative 1. terrified people 2. reserved seats 3. polluted water 4. a crowded room 5. a pleased winner 1. peo

11、ple who are terrified of 2. seats which are reserved 3. water that is polluted 4. a room that is crowded 5. a winner who is pleased Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning. 2 Past Participle as an attribute Past Participle as the predicative 6. children who are astonished at/by 7.

12、 a vase that is broken 8. a door that is closed 9. the audience who are tired of 10. an animal that is trapped in/by 6. astonished children 7. a broken vase 8. a closed door 9. the tired audience 10. a trapped animal Change the following into English using “make + n.” and past participles. make an a

13、ppointment make a gossip make an apology make a contest make a choice 约会约会 闲言碎语闲言碎语 道歉道歉 竞争竞争 选择选择 crowded streets struck speeches inspired contestant受到鼓舞的竞赛者受到鼓舞的竞赛者 拥挤的街道拥挤的街道 打动人的演讲打动人的演讲 unexpected visitors discouraged students 不速之客不速之客 感到沮丧的学生感到沮丧的学生 1. He got _ about losing the money. 2. The p

14、ainter looked so _ after working for a whole day. blamed / upset tired 3 Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative. (P5) 4. Everybody was _ to hear of the death of the famous film star. shocked/ depressed 3. I was _ with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be be

15、tter. disappointed 5. Everybody is really _ about the new Olympic stadiums. 6. His wound became _ with a new virus. excited infected Rewrite the following sentences with the past participle as attributive. Lets try the bookstore that was opened last month. Lets try the bookstore opened last month. N

16、ine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it. Yesterday, the President went to visit the retired workers. Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it. Yesterday, the President went to visit the workers who had retired. Further information:

17、 Difference between the Present Participle and the Past participle Choose appropriate verbs to complete the following sentences, using the past participle. Explain the use of the past participle in each sentence. (P43) 1 worry interest arrive frighten prepare continue concern 1. They were _ to accep

18、t my idea. 2. Ill be _ to know how they mad the wonderful fireworks. 3. The mayor said that he was _ about the _ rise of the water level in the river bed. prepared interested worriedcontinued 4. Recently _ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood. 5. Most of the newspape

19、r seems to be _ with pop stars. 6. He was _ of going alone into the empty house. arrived concerned frightened Rewrite these sentences as one sentence using the past participle as the attribute or predicative.(P43) 2 1. I found this plate on the floor. The plate was broken in pieces. I found this bro

20、ken plate on the floor. 2. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man. His name is Xiao Ming. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man named Xiao Ming. 3. I looked at that modem abstract (抽抽 象象) painting. It was colored in yellows and greens. I looked at that modem abstract painting colored in yellows and green

21、s. 4. Yesterday I got the answer to my question on the Internet. It was the one I expected. Yesterday I got the expected answer to my question on the Internet. 5. She is one of my friends. She is devoted to my interests. She is my friend devoted to my interests. 6. On the doorstep I found a lot of b

22、ottles. They were marked in green ink. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles were marked in green ink. 7. We saw many windows in that room. They were all cracked. We saw many cracked windows in that room. 从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以四个选项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Mrs. White showed her students some

23、old maps _ from the library. A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing 2. Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily. A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised 3. A great number of students _ said they were forced to practise the piano. A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning 4. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. to be s