教学设计-虚拟语气孟

1、Unit 1 Artperiod 3GrammarTeaching Aims1 .Knowledge aimHelp the students to use the subjunctive mood correctly in different situations.2. Ability AimTo learn the subjunctive mood freely and properly in speaking and writing.3. Emotional Aims1) Encourage the students learn more about the grammar.1) Hel

2、p the students to form the good habit in learning.2) Encourage the students to do more exercise to consolidate the knowledge.Teaching Important PointEnable the students to understand and use the correct form o f of the subjunctive mood in proper situationsTeaching Difficult Poin tdifferent tenses in

3、 subjunctive moodTeaching Methods: inductive method, Summarizing, comparative method; practicing activitiesTeaching Aids : Multi-media classroom and other normal teaching toolsTeaching ProcedureStep 1 Greet the whole class.Step2 presentation (用学生熟悉的真实情景引入虚拟语气，理解起来更容易。)Hi, class!As you can see,It s r

4、aining hard.If it were not raining,we would have our sports meeting today.(板书典型例句)Can we have our sports meeting today? Of course not. So what we just talked about is subjuctive. (分析典型句型并初步理解虚拟语气 )Step 3 Read the sentences in pairs and summerise the rules of the subjunctive mood（. 让学生通过读多个例句来洞悉语法规则及

5、其意义，小组合作使得学习难度减低，学生可以互相学习，充分参与学习活动。）虚拟语气 (Subjunctive Mood) 是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况： 与过去事实相反。与现在事实相反。与将来事实可能相反Purpose: To revise the usage of the subjunctive mood with Ss.所述情

6、况从句主句与现在事实相反If+ 主语 +动词过去式主 语 +would/could/might/should+（ be 动词用 were）动词原形与过去事实相反If+ 主语 +动词过去完成式主 语 +would/could/might/should+have + 过去分词与将来事实相反 if+ 主语 +动词过去式主 语 + would/could/might/should+ if+ 主语 +were to + 动词原形动词原形 if+ 主语 +should+ 动词原形If的虚拟语气从句主句had donewould/could/should/might have doneIfwere/didw

7、ould/could/should/might dowere/didwould/could/should/might dowere to doshould（不能省） doe.g1) If I had come yesterday, I would have met him.2) If I had time, I would come. If were you, I would go.3) If it didn t rain tomorrow, If it were not to rain tomorrow, we would go out. If it should rain tomorrow

8、,Step 4Ask some pairs to presentwhat theydiscover and do some make-up worktogether with other students.(检测学生合作学习成果并鼓励同学一起完善)此表中需要注意几点：(1) be 动词在表示与现在事实相反的从句中一般用were.在非正式情况下，第一、第三人称后偶尔也用was. 如：If he were you, he would go at once.(2) 主句中的 should 通常用于第一人称， would ， could 以及 might 可以用于各种人称。(3) 在表示与将来事实相反

9、的条件句中，只能用should，而不能用would, could, might 等。如： If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. (should rain也可以用 rained, were torain 代替 )。(4) 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句 ”，动词的形式要分别根据它所表示的不同时间做相应的调整。如：If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.If you _ that late movie las

10、t night, you wouldn t be so sleepy.A. haven t watchedB. didn t watchC. hadn t watchedD. wouldn t have watched答案选 C。I wouldhave gone tovisit him in the hospitalhad it been at all possible,but I was fullyoccupied the whole of last week. 该句前半部分是假设虚拟，而后半部分是事实的陈述。注意 ：1. 省略 if 采用倒装语序的条件句。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、b

11、e或 have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将 had , should, were等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。 if 从句中若有动词were, should 或 had,可省略 if , 且把 were, should 或 had置于主语之前，构成倒装句1） Had I come yesterday, I would have met him.2） 无法倒装 Were I you, I would go.3) 无法倒装 Were it not to rain tomorrow, we would go out. Should it rain tomorrow,2. 含蓄虚拟条件句含蓄条

12、件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。但是这类隐含式虚拟条件句往往都可以转化为if 引导的条件句。常来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：（1）介词或介词短语， 如 but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。Without water, nothing could live=If there were no water,(2) 连词，如： so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided( 倘若 )， for fear

13、 that( 唯恐 )，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是 就好了 )等。If only I had more money, I could buy a car.3 wish 后的that 从句中 :1.） 表示现在的愿望,从句中过去式.I wish I knew his address.I wish I were young.I wish I didn tgo to work today.2.）表示过去没有实现或不可能实现的愿望, 从句用过去完成式或would, could, might + have+ 过去分词 .I wish you

14、had written to him.I wish I could have slept longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.3)would/could/might+v表示将来的情况（见学生用书page 87）We wish the rain would stop.4） 如果 that 从句中用 would ,一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求I wish he would answer my letter.I wish prices would come down.4.would rather 某一个人

15、宁愿做某事而不做某事sb would rather do than do某人宁愿别人去做某事 , 用虚拟。谓语常用过去式来表示现在或将来的情况，用过去完成时表过去的情况。I would rather everything hadnI would rather you went out next week.5. as if /though t happened in the past.一般情况下， 与事实相符用正常时态He looks as if he is young.与事实不符， 用虚拟表示与现在事实相反， 用一般过去时或were, 表示与过去事实相反用had done. 表将来可能性不大，

16、用 would/could/might+vIt seems as if it were a fine day. He speaks as if he were a professor.,He seemed as though he had known everything. /The two strangers talked as if they had been friends for years.6. 表愿望、命令、要求、建议的动词或名词后的从句中advise/demand/suggest/order/propose/request/command/insist/reqire/recomm

17、end/advice/demand/s uggestion/order/proposal/request/command/insistence/requirement recommendation 谓语动词常用 should+ 动词原形， should 可以省略。这些动词是一个坚持（ insist）两个命令（ order, command ）三个要求（ demand, require, request）四条建议（ suggest, advise, recommend, propose）She suggested that we not play all day.They insisted th

18、at we begin the work at once. She insisted that we should stay.suggest 表示表明、暗示时，后面的从句用陈述语气。insist某种观点 ,后面的从句用陈述语气。表示坚决认为时，坚持7. it is important/necessary/essential/urgent/desirable/insistent+that that 从句用 should+ 动词原形， should 可以省略。It is necessary that he take the examination. It is proper that she refuse the offer.8.it is a pity/strange/surprising/wonderful/no wonder/funny+that引导的主语从句。主语从句中用 should+v, should 不能省略。It is strange that she should marry such a man. It is a pity that the boy should be so proud.9.it is /was about /high time that - , that从句中用一般过去时或should