六数词和主谓一致

1、六、数词和主谓一致,熟读深思,熟读下列各句，体会其中数词的用法及运用主谓,一致的三个原则。,1.,Several million,people in the world are,sending information by e,mail every day.,世界上每天有好几百万的人在发电子邮件。,2.,Thousands of,fans are waiting for the,singer.,成千上万的歌迷在等待着这位歌手。,3.,Three dozen,of,them are League members.,他们中有三十六人是团员。,4.,Three score,of,people are

2、 girls.,有六十个是女孩。,5.Our classroom is,three times,the size of,theirs.,我们的教室是他们的三倍大。,6.Tom has,four times more,money,than,I have.,汤姆的钱比我的多四倍。,7.The line is,longer than that one,by twice.,这条线比那条线长两倍。,8.Her mathematics,is,weak.,她数学差。,9.This pair of glasses,is,very expensive.,这副眼镜很贵。,10.The number of peop

3、le invited,was,fifty,but a number of them,were,absent for,different reasons.,被邀请的人数是,50,，但是很多人由于各种原因,缺席了。,11.Mr.Green together with his children,goes,to the park every Sunday.,格林先生和他的孩子们每个周日都去公园。,12.When and where to go for the on,salary,holiday,has,not been decided yet.,何时何地休这个带薪假还没有决定下来。,13.Either

4、 of the two stories,is,interesting.,这两个故事都很有趣。,14.When he came back,nothing,was,the same,as before.,他回来时，一切都和以前不一样了。,15.Ten pounds,was,missing from the till.,钱柜里的钱丢了,10,英镑。,16.The disabled,are,well taken care of in,this country.,在这个国家残疾人受到很好的照顾。,17.Either you or the headmaster,is,to hand,out the pri

5、zes to those gifted students,at the meeting.,在会议上要么你要么校长给那些有天分的学生,颁奖。,18.There,is,a computer and some books on,the table.,桌子上有一台电脑和一些书。,归纳总结,1.,数量的确指和概指,（,1,）基数词,hundred,thousand,million,等表示,确切数目时，词尾一般不加“,-,s”，其前可用,several,some,many,等修饰。,（,2,）当表示概指时，其词尾要加“,-,s”，与,of,连用，其前不能用数词修饰。,（,3,）,dozen,与数词或,ma

6、ny,several,等连用时，不,用加“,-,s”，所修饰的名词前常省略,of,。如果,所修饰的名词前有,these,those,them,us,等词,时，其后必须加,of,。,（,4,）,score,前面有具体数字时，一般不用复数形,式，其后常与,of,短语连用。,2.,倍数的四种表达方式：,（,1,）主语,+,谓语,+,倍数,+as+,形容词或副词原级,+as+,比较对象,（,2,）主语,+,谓语,+,倍数,+the+,度量名词,+of+,比较对,象,（,3,）主语,+,谓语,+,倍数,+,形容词或副词的比较级,+than+,比较对象,（,4,）主语,+,谓语,+,形容词或副词的比较级,

7、+than+,比较对象,+by+,倍数,3.,主谓一致的语法一致原则,（,1,s,结尾的国名、地名或学科名作主,语时，形式上是复数，但是谓语动词用单数。,（,2,）主语是“,a series of,a kind of,a piece,of,a pair of,等,+,名词”结构时，谓语动词用单,数。,（,3,）“,a number of+,名词复数”作主语，谓语,动词用复数；“,the number of+,名词复数”作,主语，谓语动词用单数。,（,4,）主语后有,with,together with,along,with,except,besides,as well as,等短语时，,谓语动

8、词的数要和这些短语前面的名词的单复,数保持一致。,（,5,）表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或从句,作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,（,6,）“,one/either/neither/each of+,复数名词,或代词”作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。,（,7,）,something,everything,nothing,等作主语,时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。,4.,主谓一致的意义一致原则,（,1,）表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复,数名词作主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词,用单数。,（,2,）“,the+,形容词,/,分词”结构指人时，谓语动,词用复数；如果表示抽象的概念，谓语动词用,单数。,

9、（,3,）主语为,family,team,group,government,等,集合名词时，如果看作一个整体，谓语动词用,单数；如果侧重其中的个体，谓语动词用复数。,（,4,）分数、百分数，,all,some,the rest,the,remaining,part of,等作主语时，谓语动词的单,复数根据其指代的含义确定。,（,5,）,what,引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词,的单复数要取决于作表语的名词的单复数。,（,6,）一些单复数形式相同的名词作主语时，要,根据其具体意思决定谓语动词的单复数。,（,7,）,such,作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要,根据其意义而定。,5.,主谓一致的就

10、近原则,（,1,）由,either.or,neither.nor,not.but,not only.but also,等连接的并列,主语，谓语动词的单复数要与最靠近的主语的,单复数保持一致。,（,2,）在倒装句及,there be,here be,结构中，,谓语动词往往与最靠近的一个主语保持一致。,试题归纳,1.,How did your students express their,thanks to you on Teachers Day？,A gift,together with many flowers,sent to me by my students.,A.is,B.are,C.w

11、as,D.were,解析,题干中句子的主语是,A gift,介词短语,together with many flowers,在句中用作状语,故谓语动词应用单数形式,因动作已在过去发生,故用一般过去时。,C,2.,Mike,what did our monitor say just,now,？,Every boy and every girl as well as,teachers who,to visit the museum,asked to be at the school gate,before 630 in the morning.,A.is;is,B.are;are,C.is;are

12、,D.are;is,解析,分析句子意思及句子结构,该句为,who,引,导的定语从句,先行词是,teachers,主谓要一致,故排除选项,A,、,C;,主句中的主语,Every boy and,every girl,是单数,故该句中谓语动词需用单数,根据句子意思,选项部分为一般现在时的被动结,构。,D,3.Children under sixteen are not permitted,to see such kind of films,bad for,their mental development.,A.that is,B.that are,C.as is,D.as are,解,析,分,析,

13、句,子,意,思,及,句,子,结,构,该,句,为,such.as,引导的定语从句,不属于,such.that,引导的结果状语从句,故排除选项,A,、,B;,在,kind,of+,名词作主语时,其谓语动词要与,kind,保持一,致,故该句中谓语动词用单数。,C,4.,Whats your favorite in your spare,time,Jack,？,Writing stories and articles,what,I enjoy most.,A.is,B.was,C.were,D.are,解析,分析句子意思可知,该题是“动名词,+,名,词复数”构成动名词短语作主语。在这一结构,中,谓语动

14、词应由动名词决定,“,写小说和文章”,是强调“写作”这一概念,为单数形式,表示现,在的状态。,A,5.,Are the new machines working,？,Yes.Three million tons of coal,ex-,ploited every year in the city.,A.is,B.are,C.has,D.have,解析,句中,coal(,煤,),为不可数名词,被,three,million tons of,限定,在句中作主语。这时,句,子谓语动词的数应与,of,短语中表示“数量”,的名词“,tons,”,一致,故要选复数形式的谓语动,词。根据句子意思,选项部分为

15、一般现在时的被,动结构,选项,C,、,D,都是主动语态结构。,B,6.I have finished a large part of the novel,written by Dickens,the rest of which,very difficult.,A.is,B.are,C.was,D.were,解析,根据句子意思可知,句中关系代词,which,所指代先行词,the novel,为一整体概念的名词,应视为单数,说明代词,the rest,为,the novel,的,一部分,也应该视为单数形式,故句子的谓语动,词为单数形式,强调现状,用一般现在时。,A,7.The great writ

16、er and professor,who,very strict with his students.,A.is an old man;is,B.are both old men;are,C.is an old man and a young man;is,D.are two Chinese;are,解析,句中,and,连接的两个名词为可以兼类的,表示人的职业的名词,当两个名词前被一个冠词,限定时,应视为单数,表示一个人；当两个名词,前分别有冠词限定时,应视为复数,表示两个人。,根据句子结构,定语从句中的关系代词,who,指代,的先行词就是前面的单数名词,故定语从句也应,为单数形式。,A,8.

17、A large number of students in our school,from the countryside;the number of,them,growing these years.,A.is;has been,B.are;has been,C.is;have been,D.are;have been,解析,a number of,意思为“许多”,后必须接,复数名词作主语,谓语动词要用复数形式,;the,number of,后接复数名词,意思为“,的数,量”,主语为,number,表单数意义,谓语动词要用,单数形式。,B,9.What the remote areas ne

18、ed,education,to children and what the children need,good textbooks at the moment.,A.is;are,B.are;is,C.was;were,D.were;was,解析,一般情况下,what,引导主语从句,常表示,单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式,但当它所指的,具体内容是复数意义时,谓语动词要用复数形式。,该题强调现在,用一般现在时态。,A,10.There,a table,four chairs,three,bikes in the courtyard,in the middle of,which,two tall

19、trees with great,shade.,A.are;is,B.is;are,C.has;have,D.have;has,解析,在,there be,句型结构中,如果有两个或两,个以上的名词位于,there be,之后,用作句子的,主语时,be,动词的单复数应与最靠近它的名词保,持一致,故第一空选,is;,第二空为地点状语前置,属全部倒装,选项后的名词为句子的主语,为复,数名词,故谓语动词要用复数形式。选项,C,、,D,均为结构错误。,B,11.,The Arabian Nights,well known all,over the world,in which many a story,

20、interesting and instructive.,A.is;are,B.are;is,C.are;are,D.is;is,解析,题干中,The Arabian Nights,为书名,形,式上是复数,但谓语动词要用单数形式,;,如果主,语名词被,many a,限定,从意义上看为复数,但谓,语动词仍用单数形式。,D,12.The young,eaten up almost,everything;one and a half bananas,left on the table.,A.is;are,B.are;is,C.has;have been,D.have;has been,解析,第一空,

21、the young,意思为“年轻人”表,示复数意义,故谓语动词要用复数形式,且用主,动语态,;,第二空“,one+and a half+,复数名词”,常视为单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式,且用被,动结构,选项,B,第一空为被动结构,不符合句子意,思。,D,13.Either you or one of your students,to attend the meeting that is due,tomorrow.,A.are,B.is,C.have,D.be,解析,考查主谓一致的用法。,either.or.,连接两个主语,按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。,one of your students

22、,谓语应用单数形式。,B,14.,Did you go to the show last night,？,Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area,invited.,A.were,B.have been,C.has been,D.was,解析,主语是,every boy and girl,表示单数,概念,故谓语动词用单数,且询问昨晚的情况,有,明确的过去时间,所以应选择,was,。,D,15.A survey of the opinions of experts,that three hours of outdoor,exercise a week,good fo

23、r ones,health.,A.show;are,B.shows;is,C.show;is,D.shows;are,解析,本题考查主谓一致。由,a survey,可知第,一个空用,shows,首先排除,A,、,C,两项,;,第二个空前,的时间状语,three hours of outdoor exercise,a week,表示抽象概念,看作单数,故其谓语动词,用单数形式。,B,16.Ten years ago the population of our,village was,that of theirs.,A.as twice large as,B.twice as large as,C.twice as much as,D.as twice much as,解析,英语倍数表示法一般采用以下三种