短语英汉互译

1、 短语英汉互译 1. parameter design 参数设计 2. quality engineering 质量工程 3. loss function 损失函数 4. process capability index 过程能力指数 5. standard deviation 标准差，均方差 6. tolerance interval 容许区间 7. normal distribution 正态分布 8. correction coefficient 校正系数 9. data bank 数据库 10. chance variable 随机变量 短语英汉互译 11. parameter des

2、ign 参数设计 12. probability density function 概率密度函数 13. tolerance design 公差设计 14. preventive maintenance 预防性维修，定期维修 15. data processing 数据处理 16. coefficient of regression 回归系数 17. quality loss 质量损失 18. chance error 随机误差 19. product planning 产品策划 20. system design 系统设计 短语英汉互译 21. specification 规格 22. pe

3、rcent defective 不合格率 23. variance 方差 24. probability distribution 概率分布 25. bilateral tolerance 双向公差 26. dimension 尺寸，维度 27. product design 产品设计 28. service after purchase 售后服务 29. classified variable 分类变量 30. common variance 公共方差 31. characteristic vector 特征向量 短文英译汉 Top management shall review the o

4、rganizations quality management system at planned intervals to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. This review shall include assessing opportunities for improvement and the need for changes to the quality management system, including the quality policy and quality objectiv

5、es. Record from management review shall be maintained. 短文英译汉 最高管理者应按策划的时间间隔评审质量管理体系，以确保其持续的适宜性、充分性和有效性。评审应包括评价质量管理体系改进的机会和变更的需要，包括质量方针和质量目标，应保持管理评审的记录。 阅读理解Process Capability Analysis（过程能力分析） Once a process is in statistical control, the next question is: Will the process generate products that meet

6、 the specification (and how well)? Process capability is a measure of the repeatability of a process. A process control system can be described as a feedback system. （一个过程控制系统能被描述为一个反馈系统。）There are four elements of a process control system. Process Capability Analysis（过程能力分析） (1) The process: The pr

7、ocess is the combination of people, machines and equipment, input materials, methods, measurement tools, and environment which work together to produce output.（过程是人、机器设备、投入的原料、方法、测量工具和环境的组合，它们共同作用产生输出。） The total performance of the process and the quality of the output depend on the way that the pro

8、cess has been designed, built, maintained, and operated. （过程的总体性能和输出的质量依赖于过程设计、建造、维护和运作的方式。） Process Capability Analysis（过程能力分析） (2) Performance information: Information about process performance（过程性能） can be acquired by studying the process output（过程输出）. Process output includes both the products an

9、d the intermediate outputs that are produced along the way. This information is gathered in time to determine whether action is necessary to correct an out-of-control process.（及时收集信息以确定纠正过程失控的措施是否必要。） Process Capability Analysis（过程能力分析） (3) Action on the process: Action on the process is future-orie

10、nted; it is taken to prevent the production of out-of-specification products.（过程中的措施是针对将来而言的，采取措施是为了预防生产不合格产品。） It may involve changes in the operation (operator training, changes in incoming materials), changes in the equipment (rehabilitation, recalibration重新校准, design changes设计更改), or changes in

11、process design . The effect of actions should be monitored and further analysis or actions should be taken, if necessary. Process Capability Analysis（过程能力分析） (4) Action on the output: Action on the output is past-oriented; it involves detection of out-of-specification products already produced.（基于输出

12、的措施是针对过去而言的，它包括对已生产的不合格产品的检查。）This may require corrective action on the process itself or in the product specifications. （这可能需要纠正过程本身或产品规格。） Process Capability Analysis（过程能力分析） The basic statistical application in process control is the state of establishing stability in the manufacturing process an

13、d maintaining that state of control over an extended period. It is of equal importance that the process be adjusted to the point where virtually all of the products meet specifications. This latter situation relates to process capability analysis. A process capability analysis establishes the range

14、over which variability is expected to occur in a process that is in control. It is used to: (1) determine the ability of a process to meet standards and specifications, (2) establish new standards or to modify existing ones, and (3) serve as a basis for constructing process control charts. Process C

15、apability Analysis（过程能力分析） Once stability has been established, it follows that the process must be adjusted to level where the output will conform to specifications. （稳定性一旦已经建立，紧接着要做的是将过程调节到输出符合规定要求的水平。）A state of control is usually established when X and R charts do not show points out of control

16、with samples of four more over an interval of at least 20 subgroups. Once this control is established, process capability can be analyzed to determine the process ability to conform to specifications. Process Capability Analysis（过程能力分析） The primary function of a process control system is to provide

17、statistical signals when special causes of variation are present and to enable appropriate action that can eliminate those causes and prevent their reappearance. Process capability is determined by the total variation that comes from common causes（过程能力是由普通原因导致的总变异决定的。）the minimum variation that can

18、be achieved after all special causes have been eliminated. Thus, capability represents the performance potential of the process itself and is demonstrated when the process is being operated in a state of statistical control. Process Capability Analysis（过程能力分析） Capability is usually measured by the p

19、roportion of output that will be within product specification tolerances.（过程能力通常由在产品规格公差内的产量比例来测量。） Since a process in statistical control can be described by a predictable distribution, capability can be expressed in terms of this distribution,（因为在统计控制下的过程由可预测的分布来描述，过程能力就可根据这个分布来表示） and the proport

20、ion of out-of-specification parts can be realistically evaluated. If this proportion is excessive, actions to reduce the variation from common causes will be required to make the process capable of consistently meeting the specifications. Process Capability Analysis（过程能力分析） . In short, the process m

21、ust first be brought into statistical control, so its performance can be predicted; then its capability to meet specifications can be assessed.(简而言之，过程首先应处于统计控制下，以使过程的性能能够预测，然后评价满足规格要求的过程能力。) Changes in the process itself must then occur for the process capability to achieve a satisfactory level, wh

22、ich is zero units failing outside the specification limits. The Control of Design and Development in Quality Management System 1. Design and development planning The organization shall plan and control the design and development of product. During the design and development planning, the organizatio

23、n shall determine: The Control of Design and Development in Quality Management System a) The design and development stages. b) The review, verification and validation that are appropriate to each design and development stage.（适合于每个设计和开发阶段的评审、验证和确认活动。） c) The responsibilities and authorities for desi

24、gn and development. The Control of Design and Development in Quality Management System The organization shall manage the interfaces between different groups involved in design and development to ensure effective communication and clear assignment of responsibility.（组织应对参与设计和开发的不同小组之间的接口实施管理，以确保有效的沟通

25、，并明确职责分工。） Planning output shall be updated, as appropriate, as the design and development progresses.（随着设计和开发的进展，在适当时，策划的输出应予以更新。） The Control of Design and Development in Quality Management System 2. Design and development inputs（设计开发输入） Inputs relating to product requirements shall be determined

26、and records shall be maintained. These inputs shall include: a) Function and performance requirements. b) Applicable statutory and regulatory requirements. c) Where applicable information derived from previous similar designs. d) Other requirements essential for design and development. The Control o

27、f Design and Development in Quality Management System These inputs shall be reviewed for adequacy. Requirements shall be complete, unambiguous and not in conflict with each other.（应对这些输入进行评审，以确保其充分性，要求应完整、清楚，并且不能自相矛盾。） 3. Design and development outputs The outputs of design and development shall be

28、provided in a form that enables verification against the design and development input and shall be approved prior to release. （设计和开发的输出应以针对设计和开发的输入进行验证的方式提出，并应在发布前得到批准。）Design and development outputs shall: The Control of Design and Development in Quality Management System a) Meet the input requirem

29、ents for design and development. b) Provide appropriate information on purchasing, production and service provision. c) Contain or refer product acceptance criteria（产品接收标准）. d) Specify the characteristics of the product that is essential for its safe and proper use. The Control of Design and Develop

30、ment in Quality Management System 4. Design and development review（设计开发评审） At suitable stages, systematic reviews of design and development shall be performed in accordance with planned arrangements: （在适宜的阶段，应根据所策划的安排对设计和开发进行系统的评审。） a) To evaluate the ability of the results of design and development

31、 to meet requirements. b) To identify any problems and propose necessary actions. The Control of Design and Development in Quality Management System Participants in such reviews shall include representatives of functions concerned with the design and development stages being reviewed. Records of the

32、 results of the reviews and any necessary actions shall be maintained. 5. Design and development verification Verification shall be performed in accordance with planned arrangements to ensure that the design and development outputs have met the design and development input requirements.（为确保设计和开发输出满足输入的要求，应根据所策划的安排，对设计和开发进行验证。） Records of the results of the verification and any necessary shall be maintained. The Control of Design and Development in Quality Management System 6. Design and development validation Design and development validation shall