新课标人教版高中英语各单元所有单词及词组精华讲解及拓展延伸必修一UnitOne(上

1、【欢迎加我Q号239 843 3823，愿与同行们资料共享，互通有无】必修一 Unit One（上）【精华讲解】survey1 调查(s) The survey showed that most boys are hard-working. 名= the study = the investigation2 对进行方面的(民意)调查* Theyll make a survey of students behavior at school. 名Theyll make a survey of students about their behavior at school.* Theyll surv

2、ey students behavior at school. = students about动Of the five hundred families surveyed, 40% had cars. 后定语1add up1 在10上加上22 补充说3 增添兴趣/勇气等4 扩建大楼1 add 2 to 10 Ill add up these numbers. 把这些数字加起来 These numbers add up to 1500. 加起来达到2 He added that he wouldnt be late. 3 His words added to my interest/coura

3、ge. = increase my interest 4 Well add to the old building. = extend the old building2upset # 令人烦乱/忐忑不安upset(upset，upset，upsetting)1 You upset her when you said she was fat. 2 Dont be upset about her upsetting remarks/words. 3ignore 1 愚昧无知的(adj)， 不理睬某人(vt)2 原谅某人的无知(n)1 He was so ignorant that when I

4、said hello to her, she ignored me. 2 Excuse her ignorance.4shepherd1 A shepherd is a person who takes care of sheep. 牧羊人2 A guide shepherded the tourists into/to/out of the coach. 导游把游客领进旅游车里. 带领/引导(人群) = lead = show5have got to# 不得不, 必须1 He has got to go to work early every day. = He has to go2 He

5、hasnt got to go = He doesnt have to go6relaxed # Working out can help you relax (yourself). 锻炼有助于你放松。vi/vt# Relax! = Relax yourself! = Keep relaxed.1 These pills will relax you and make you sleep. 令人放松2 You will be/feel relaxed after taking these pills.3 Cooking and gardening are relaxing activities

6、. 7walk the dog 1 He walked 5 kilos yesterday.走多远的路2 Do you walk your dog everyday? 遛狗8loose# 穿松的/紧的裤子wear loose/tight trousers 9vet1 兽医夏天穿背心是平常事。Its normal / common / usual to for a vet to wear a vest.2 He serves as a doctor/physician/surgeon/dentist. physicist医生/ 内医/ 外科医生/牙医 物理学家10go through # 经历苦

7、难 = experience =be/live through# go through a hard time/much hardship suffer undergo11Netherlands# 荷兰（国家）the Netherlands = Holland12Jewish# 犹太人, 犹太族的Here is a local Jewish community. 当地犹太人的一个社区13German# (许多)德国人，德国的，德国，德语Germans are German people in Germany, who speak German.14Nazi# 纳粹党人(s)，纳粹党的(adj)

8、# He is a nazi, who belonged to the Nazi Party, which was established and led by Adolf Hitler15set down # 写下/记下 = write down = note down = keep a record of = take notes of# Why dont you set down your ideas on paper? = put down你怎么不把你的想法写在纸上呢? 16series1 一系列的事物 一连串的一个接一个的2（电视广播）系列节目1 :a series of good

9、harvests 接连的丰收a series of interconnected caves一连串相互连接的洞 a series of brilliant leaders 2 一个接一个的杰出领袖 2 a television/radio series = a number of programmes, each complete in itself, linked to each other by characters, theme, etc17outdoors1 参加户外的活动2 在户外1 He often takes part in outdoor activities. indoor室

10、内的2 Its cold outdoors. indoors在室内18spellbinding# 迷人的，引人入胜的 The story is sointeresting snd spellbinding that it holds my attention completely19purpose on purpose 1你此次访问的目的是什么？带着的目的或意图2 故意地不理我1 Whats the purpose of your visit?I came here with the purpose of helping you.2 ignore me on purpose = deliber

11、ately20orderin order to1 目的是、以便 (状语从句) 能、可以、会2 表目的不定式5 答：A或C1* He comes here early every day so that / in order that he cancatch the early bus. * He comes here early every day in orderthat he can / may / will catch the early bus.2 * He comes here very early every day to / in order to / so as to catc

12、h the early bus. * He comes here very early every day not to/in order not to/so as not to miss the bus.5 _ learn French well, he made full use of all his free time. A In order to B So as to C To D So that he can21urgent1 他坚持认为他是对的。他坚持要求我们要准时。= should be2 坚持/怂恿/催促/敦促/力劝/强烈要求3 接到紧急的电话1 He insisted/urg

13、ed that he was right. = suggested暗示He insisted/urged that we be on time. = suggested建议2 He urged (our) going. = urge us to go = urge sb into doing3 receive an urgent telephone call22thunder# 今年夏天不怎么打雷。雷声打雷(/)We havent had much thunder this summer. 23document1 (提供信息和证明的)文件/公文/证书/文裆/档案2我不小心把这个文件夹里文件/文

14、档/信息都给删除了。1 show us all the documents concerning the murder 2 I accidentally deleted all thefiles/documents/informationin thisfolder.24power1 Turn off the power. 电源/动力/马力，名The car is powered by electricity.提供. 电源/动力/马力，动【power = authority权力+权威/有权威之人】【power = ability 能力】2* Its within/beyond my power

15、to decide it.权力范围内，权力* The President has the power to decide everything.= The President has power over everything. 有权(力)3* Its within/beyond my power to help you.能力范围内，能力 * I have / dont have the power to help you. 有能力25face to face 1 面对面地2面对面的It was the first face-to-face meeting between the two me

16、n.1 If you come face to face with someone, you meet them and can talk to them or look at them directly. 和某人面对面If you come face to face with a difficulty or reality, you cannot avoid it and have to deal with it. 面对困难26stress# 我想所有人都感到紧张的，都怪令人紧张的学业。但我要强调的是适度的压力对我们有利。I think that you all feel stressed

17、because your stressful studies. But I must stress that a certain amount of stress benefits all of us.27studio# 工作室(s)，书房(ies)Artists have their own studios / studies.28no longernotany longer 1* 不再发生 状语 He doesnt live here any more. (不绝对)* 不再延长 状语3 冰箱里不再有牛奶或苹果。 定语4 他和我都不是医生。 结构1*He told lies no more.

18、 = He no more told lies.= He didnt tell lies any more / anymore.*He waited for the bus no longer. =He no longer waited for.= He didnt wait for the bus any longer.3 There may be no more milk or apples in the fridge.4 He is no more a doctor than I. = Neither he nor I am a doctor.29partner伙伴，同伙，合伙人搭档，共

19、同出资人，配偶1 a partner in business 生意合作伙伴2 She is my dance partner. 合作伙伴/舞伴30settle1 定居者(s)，定居vi，定居点(s)2 解决问题1 The first settlers (who settled in the settlement) were Chinese.2 settle/solve a problem 31suffer1 遭受.之苦 动2 经历遭受许多苦难 名go through many sufferings = experience= undergo survive从.中幸存1 suffer pain

20、from headache，suffer from headachesuffer pain/torture/defeat/huge losses痛苦/折磨/失败/损失* Do you suffer from headaches? 你常头痛吗? * Shes suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症32loneliness1 寂寞的 形2 寂寞（/）1 I live/am alone，but I dont feel lonely.2 I am used to loneiless.33highway# 公路；大路；高速公路The car is running on

21、 the highway.34recover1* 从疾病中恢复过来* 重新获得（恢复视力，身体恢复）2 从岗位上退休下来 3从.辞职1*recover from a disease(a low spirit，ones surprise)问题类宾语*recover ones eyesight/health 非问题类宾语2 retire from ones post 3 resign from ones job/company35tiregetbe tired of 1 【tire】令人疲劳， vt/adj/adj2 【tire】令人厌倦， 无动词/adj/adj The meeting will

22、 bore us. 1 The long trip will tire us (out). = The long trip will be tiring= Well be tired (out) from the long trip.2 The meeting will be tiresome. be boring = Well be tired of the meeting be bored with 36pack 1 将装入行李箱/打包，整理行装2小纸盒，小硬纸板箱，小纸包4p：pack = packet = package = parcel1 pack clothes into/in a

23、 case，pack a case with clothes2 a six-pack of beer 半打装啤酒(6瓶)a pack/packet of cigarettes 一包香烟37suitcase# 我在哪里可以买到新手提箱/衣箱？# Where can I buy a new suitcase? 38overcoat # 穿上新外套的你看上去很帅。You look handsome (dressed) in your new overcoat. 39teenager 1 我们都是十几岁的青少年了。 名2 我们应该穿青少年的衣服。 形1 We are all teenagers. =

24、We are all in our teens. 2 We should wear teenage clothes.40【拓展延伸】survey【开展，执行，履行，实施，贯彻，做】1 做调查2 搞研究3 做实验4 开展反对吸烟运动【carry out = conduct = do = make】1 carry out a survey / a study / an investigation2 carry out a research / an investigation3 carry out an experiment4 carry out an anti-smoking campaign1

25、upset1 令人不安类【规律：annoy sb, be annoyed/annoying】2 令人生气类1 upset不安，worry担心，disappoint失望， embarrass尴尬，shame羞愧【特例：be upset，be ashamed/be shameful】2 annoy恼怒， disgust恶心3ignore # 愚昧无知的，不理睬某人，He was so ignorant that when I said hello to her, she ignored me. # 原谅某人的无知Excuse her ignorance.1 ignore my greeting (

26、故意) 不理睬我2 overlook slow students (故意) 忽视后进生，俯视/宽容/不理会3 neglect ones duty (无意) 疏忽职责，失责4go through #【其中through介，“穿过” 】1快速浏览 2仔细查看(欲寻找/发现某事物) 3经历苦难 = experience = be/live through4*完成任务 = get through (with)5*用完时间 = get through(with)【 各种“go through” 】1 go through a newspaper = scan/skim =look through .2

27、She went through the companys accounts, looking for evidence of fraud. 她仔细审核公司的帐目, 查找欺骗作弊的证据。Ive gone through all my pockets but I cant find my keys. 我把所有的口袋儿都找遍了, 就是找不到我的钥匙。3 go through a hard time/much hardship suffer undergo4*go through the task = finish sth = complete sth5*go through the time/ga

28、s = use sth up = run out of sth11go through【其中through介/副，“穿过到底”】1 拨通电话帮拨通电话2 表达清楚，get (sth) across更地道，fn3 通过考试4*完成任务 = go through5*用完时间 = go through【 各种“get through”，get“无意义”或“使” 】1 I couldnt get through to her. 拨通给.的电话Can you put me through to her? 帮我拨通给.的电话2 I cant get (my words) through to others

29、. 让别人懂我的话He tried to get through to me that he didnt like that job. fn3 Ill get my students through (the exam). 帮助学生通过考试4*get through (with) the task = finish sth = complete sth5*get through (with) the time/gas = use sth up = run out of sth11purpose4 野心雄心 ambition5 梦 想 dream6 希 望 wish# 你来这儿的目的或意图是什么

30、？ 我来这儿的目的或意图是帮你。* 我心中的目标是考大学。1 目的 purpose = aim2 眼前意图 intention = aim 物体(s)+反对(vi)攻击把子(s)3 远大目标 goal = aim = object = target# Whats the purpose of your coming here? I came here with the purpose of helping you.* My goal is to go to college. 【6个词可通用于上述三例句】20urgent3 须用虚拟语气should的名词一个坚持insistence两个命令ord

31、er，command三个要求requirement，request，demand四个建议advice，suggestion，proposal，tip还有：推荐recommendation，敦促urge，想要desire，安排arrangement，？决定decision外加：主意idea，计划plan，愿望wish，正式决定resolution，命令指示instruction来自语法JY1 虚拟语气中的should相当于will、must等含义。 He suggests/ed that she (should) not be late. It is/was suggested that she

32、 (should) not be late. His suggestion is/was that she (should) not be late. We agree(d) to his suggestion that she (should) not be late.2 须用虚拟语气should的动词一个坚持：insist 三个要求：require，request，demand两个命令：order，command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose还有：推荐recommend，敦促urge，想要desire，安排arrange，倡导advocate，决定decide

33、特例：He suggested/insisted/urged that he was (be) ill and should be sent to hospital at once.正常：suggest暗示，insist坚持认为，urge坚持认为，不指向将来虚拟：suggest建议，insist坚持要求，urge敦 促，指向将来*22thunder 1 北京上周受到沙尘暴的袭击。 2 地震导致26人伤亡：10死亡人数，15受伤人数，1遇难。# disaster(s)(/)， 灾难catastrophe(s)，大灾难# earthquake(s)， 地震 hurricane(s) 飓风1 Bei

34、jing was hit/struck by a sandstorm last week. 2 The earthquake caused 26 casualties：10 deaths and 15 injured, and also one baby was found killed.# typhoon(s)，storm(s)，much rain/snow，a heavy rain/snow台风， 暴风雨，许多雨雪， 一场大雨/雪# shower(s)，drought(s)，thunderstorm(s)，thunder (/)一场阵雨，干旱， 雷暴雨， 雷声23power# 有权做某事

35、（5答）have the right to do sth 权利= have the power/authority to do sth职权= have the privilege to do sth 特(有权)利have the priority to do sth 优先权【priority 1 重点/优先考虑的事 2优先权，照顾 (/) (s)】1 To find the stolen car is a/our (top) priority. 当务之急是 focus on ones priorities and processes 抓重点，重过程2 Parking in this stree

36、t is the privilege of the residents. Parking here is the priority that we offer you, but not the privilege. 在这条街上停车是此处居民特有的权利/特权。让你停车在这儿是对你的照顾，但不是特权。25face to face0 遇到/发现/面临令人不快危险困难的sb/sth1 遇到困难，面对困难 encounter2 应对处理困难= handle = address = approach3 克服苦难4 解决问题0 encounter a demanding customer / many pr

37、oblems / difficulties1 run into，meet with，face，be faced with，be in the face of2 What can we do with the difficulties? = come face to face withHow can we deal with the difficulties? = cope with 3 get rid of 摆脱/去掉，overcome克服，remove移除/消除4 solve/settle problems26stress1人人遭受压力之苦，尤其是学习上父母施加的压力，这对我们来说是一大负担

38、呀。2 我们的父母不断地催我们用功。催我们多做家庭作业。3 我想所有人都感到紧张的，都怪令人紧张的学业。但我要强调的是适度的压力对我们有利。各种“压力”总说1名词 We all suffer from stress everyday, especially the pressure from our parents in our studies, which is always a heavy burden to all of us. 2动词 Our parents always press us into working hard. They hurry/rush us into doing

39、 as much homework as possible. 3 stress I think that you all feel stressed because your stressful studies. But I must stress that a certain amount of stress benefits all of us. 27partner# She is an old acquaintance of mine. 她是我的一个老熟人。1 companion(s) 2partner(s) 3 acquaintance(s)伴侣朋友， 合作伙伴， 熟人30suffer

40、ing# 遇到一些问题和困难，甚至是障碍6 disaster (s，/) 灾难不幸catastrophe (s) 大灾难7 sadness/grief/sorrow (/) 悲伤/悲痛* 给我们讲他过去所受的艰辛苦难。 # meet with some problems and difficulties，even obstacles.1困难difficulty (s，/)4问题problem (s)2艰辛hardship (s，/)5障碍obstacle(s) 3苦难suffering (s，/)* tell us about his hardships and sufferings that

41、 he had experienced32loneliness1 along 沿着/向前，与路有关，介/副2 alone 独自/单独， 表语形/副表示不需要帮助3 lonely寂寞 形1 come along, go along/down the street2 He often does his exercises alone = by oneself = on ones ownThere is nobody else,so she is alone. 3 He has no friends. He feels lonely. 33loneliness1 含“ly”的形容词有2 含“ly”形

42、容词兼副词的有1 lovely， friendly，daily， lonely， deadly可爱的，友好的，日常每天的，寂寞的，致命的2 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early/late每天/周/月/年一次的/地 早/迟33highway1 非直线人行动路线全部行走路线图route人的踪迹/足迹 trace / trailtrack*飞机船航线，过程进程，(河流/界线等)走向/所经之路course环形跑道、环形电路circuit*【*为重复部分】 2 直线型 (一般用on)常说的路 road朝某方向的路 way 高速公路(4way) highway/freeway

43、/motorway/expressway 街/林荫路(in) street， avenue 人行道 pavement/sidewalk 小巷胡同 lane / alley 小路 lane path/pathway/ /track*航道 lane channel 渠道channel/canal车道/泳道lane跑道 lane/track/circuit*火车轨道 track*，a single/double track* 单/双轨道34tiring 1 旅行累了 2+2答2 讨厌读书 2+3答1 The trip will tire us (out). Well be tired (out) f

44、rom the tiring trip.= tire sb (out) = be tired (out) from = be tiring= exhaust sb = be exhausted = be exhausting= wear sb (out) = be worn (out) = wearing= burn oneself out = be burnt out = ?2 The meeting will bore us. Well be bored with the boring meeting.= bore sb = be bored with = be boring= 无 = b

45、e tired of = be tiresome= 无 = be fed up with reading = 无= 无 = be sick of reading = 无 = wear sb (out) = be worn (out) = wearing36pack 【将装入行李箱/打包，整理行装】 pack clothes into/in a casepack a case with clothes4 邮包parcel/package1 泛指：包/袋bag、盒/箱box2小纸盒/小硬纸板箱/小纸包pack =packet = package = parcela six-pack of beer 半打装啤酒(6瓶) fna pack/packet of cigarettes 一包香烟3手提箱case，指女子手提包handbag，背包backpack37overcoat 【泛指衣服（普通可数）】garment(s)，dress(es) 1 一件 a garment = a dress2 许多 many garments = many