小学英语语法总复习.ppt

1、pep小学六年级英语语法讲座,Pep版小学英语语法总复习,升中复习助手,驶向成功之路,一、词类：,1、名词 这里强调一点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is 1）名词复数如何加后缀（各种不同情况变化） A.一般情况直接加-s book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds B.以s. x. sh. ch结尾加-es ：bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches peachpeaches glassglasses C.以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i, 再加-esfamily-families studystudi

2、es D.以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v，再加-esknife-knives F.不规则名词复数man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese,练习 写出下列各词的复数 I _we_her_them_this _these_her _them_watch _watches_child _children_photo _photos_diary _diaries_day_days_ foot_

3、foot_ book_books_ dress _dresses_ tooth_teeth_ sheep _sheep_box_boxes_ strawberry _strawberries_thief _thieves_yo-yo _yo-yo_ peach_peaches_ sandwich _sandwiches_man_men_ woman_women_ paper_papers_ juice_juices_water_water_ milk_milk_ rice_rice_ tea_tea_,2.人称代词,第三人称,第二人称,第一人称,I ， we,主格,you,he, she ,

4、it ,they,me ， us,you,him ， her It them,宾格,形容词性物主代词,I you she he it they we,主格：,My your her his its their our,形容词性物主代词,This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4. Whats（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）.,6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7. （I / My）am Ben. 8. （She

5、 / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）,exercises,3、指示代词指近处指远处单数this （这个）that （那个） 复数these（这些）those（那些）,4、冠词有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u）前，a用于辅音音素前。,3、指示代词指近处指远处单数this （这个）that （那个） 复数these（这些）those（那些）,4、冠词有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a、e、i

6、、o、u）前，a用于辅音音素前。,5.形容词和副词的比较级 一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较 级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2、形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er ；以字母e 结尾，加r ；3、以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； “辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。3不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful,5.形容词和副词的比较级 一、形容

7、词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较 级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2、形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er ；以字母e 结尾，加r ；3、以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； “辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。3不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful,二、副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)（1）在句子中形容

8、词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后（2）副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后 2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther),二、副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)（1）在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后（2）副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后 2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther),练习,根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years _(old)than me.2

9、. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is.,根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years _older_(old)than me.2. Tom is as _fater_(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _younger_(young) th

10、an you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _thinner_(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _bigger_(big), yours or hers? Hers is.,6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8._ Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _. 9.Fangfang is not as _ (t

11、all) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she). 11.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 12.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?,6. Marys hair is as _longer_(long) as Lucys.7.Ben _jump_ (jump) _higher_ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8._Does_ Nancy sing _better_ (well) than

12、Helen? Yes, she _does_. 9.Fangfang is not as _taller_ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are _bigger_(big) than _her_ (she). 11.Which is _heavier_(heavy),the elephant or the pig? 12.Who gets up _earlier_(early),Tim or Tom?,二、否定句：,be动词（am、is、are）+not、 情态动词can+ not、 助动词（do、does） + not 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为

13、否定句： 1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。 2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。 3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤：,二、否定句：,二否定句 be动词（am、is、are）+not、 情态动词can+ not、 助动词（do、does） + not 如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句： 1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。 2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。 3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。,三、一般疑问句,（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语

14、（某人或某物）后，动词前。 （2）确定助动词用do、does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does， （3）在助动词后加not。 （4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。 强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。,四、特殊疑问句,常用疑问词： What time 什么时间 问具体时间，如几点 Who谁问人 Whose 谁的问主人 Where在哪里问地点 What 什么问东西、事物 What colour什么颜色问颜色 How old多大年纪问年纪 How many多少数量（可数名词）问数量 How much多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少

15、钱或数量（不可数）五、时态,常用疑问词 ： What time 什么时间 问具体时间，如几点 Who谁问人 Whose 谁的问主人 Where在哪里问地点 What 什么问东西、事物 What colour什么颜色问颜色 How old多大年纪问年纪 How many多少数量（可数名词）问数量 How much多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）,四 特殊疑问句,四特殊疑问句 常用疑问词 ： What time 什么时间 问具体时间，如几点 Who谁问人 Whose 谁的问主人 Where在哪里问地点 What 什么问东西、事物 What colour什么颜色问颜色 How

16、old多大年纪问年纪 How many多少数量（可数名词）问数量 How much多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）,用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作 常用时间状语 ： usually,sometimes,in spring, every day,in the morning 动词构成 ：动词原型. work 动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）works 否定构成 ： dont+动原 doesnt+动原,五 时态（一）：一般现在时,用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作 常用时间状语 ： usually, sometimes, in spring, every day, in the mo

17、rning 动词构成 ：动词原型. work 动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）works 否定构成 ： dont+动原 doesnt+动原,一般疑问构成及简答： Do+主语+动原+其它？Yes,I do.Does+主语+动原+其它？No,he doesnt. 特殊疑问举例 ： 1. What do you often do on Sundays?2. Where does he live?,一般疑问构成及简答： Do+主语+动原+其它？Yes,I do.Does+主语+动原+其它？No,he doesnt. 特殊疑问举例 ： 1. What do you often do on Sundays

18、?2. Where does he live?,1. She _ (go) to school at eight oclock. 2. Its six oclock. They are _ supper. (eat) 3. He usually _ up at 17:00.(get ) 4. She _ (live) in Beijing. 5. Sally _ (be) here just now. (刚才) 6. _ (be)there a fly (苍蝇) on the table just now? 7. They are _ (dig) a hole (洞). 8. My fathe

19、r _ (mend) his model(模型) plane these days.,1. She _ (go) to school at eight oclock. 2. Its six oclock. They are _ supper. (eat) 3. He usually _ up at 17:00.(get ) 4. She _ (live) in Beijing. 5. Sally _ (be) here just now. (刚才) 6. _ (be)there a fly (苍蝇) on the table just now? 7. They are _ (dig) a ho

20、le (洞). 8. My father _ (mend) his model(模型) plane these days,练习,时态（二）：现在进行时 用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当 前一段时间正在进行的动作 常用时间状语 ：now,these days 动词构成 ： am/is/are+现在分词(-ing) am/is/are working 否定构成 ： am/is/are+not+现在分词 For example: Tom is playing football on the playground.,用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当 前一段时间正在进行的动作 常用时间状语 ：now, th

21、ese days 动词构成 ： am/is/are+现在分词(-ing) am/is/are working 否定构成 ： am/is/are+not+现在分词 For example: Tom is playing football on the playground.,一般疑问构成及简答： Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+ 其它？ Yes,I am(he is.) /No,they arent 特殊疑问举例： What are you doing now? Who is flying a kite there?,一般疑问构成及简答： Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+ 其它？ Yes

22、,I am(he is.) /No,they arent 特殊疑问举例： What are you doing now? Who is flying a kite there?,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Look! The children_(swim) in the river. 2. Now we_(want) to play basketball. 3. -_you_(draw) a picture? -No, Im not. I_(write) a letter. 4What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread. 5.Its nine oc

23、lock. My father_(work) in the office.,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Look! The children_(swim) in the river. 2. Now we_(want) to play basketball. 3. -_you_(draw) a picture? -No, Im not. I_(write) a letter. 4What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread. 5.Its nine oclock. My father_(work) in the office.,6.Look, the b

24、oy_(put) the rubbish into the bin. 7._he_(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_(play). 8.Where is Mak? He_(run) on the grass. 9.Listen, who_(sing) in the music room? Oh, 10. Look! LiPing and Li Ying _(play) basketball now.,6.Look, the boy_(put) the rubbish into the bin. 7._he_(clean) the classroom?

25、 No, he isnt. He_(play). 8.Where is Mak? He_(run) on the grass. 9.Listen, who_(sing) in the music room? Oh, 10. Look! LiPing and Li Ying _(play) basketball now.,一般过去时,用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语：yesterday,last night,two days ago, in 2000,at that time,before liberation，when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。动词构成：动词过去时（-ed）

26、 worked work 否定构成：didnt+动原 didnt work 一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？ Yes,主语+did./No, 主语+didnt.,用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语：yesterday,last night,two days ago, in 2000,at that time,before liberation，when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。动词构成：动词过去时（-ed） worked work 否定构成：didnt+动原 didnt work 一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？ Yes,主语+did./N

27、o, 主语+didnt.,一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？ We went to the cinema yesterday. Did you go to the cinema yesterday ? 特殊疑问句举例： What did he do yesterday? When did he get up this morning? 备注：He opened the door.(不能确定门现在是否开着),一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？ We went to the cinema yesterday. Did you go to the cinema yes

28、terday ? 特殊疑问句举例： What did he do yesterday? When did he get up this morning? 备注：He opened the door.(不能确定门现在是否开着),练习,一、 用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. Th

29、ere _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.,一、 用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years

30、 old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.,二、 句型转换,1. It was exciting.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_,1. It was exciting.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答

31、：_2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_,一般将来时,用法：将来会出现或发生的动作 常用时间状语：this evening,tomorrow,next month,in a few minutes,at the end of this term动词构成: 1,will/shall+动原 2,am/is/are going to+动词原型 3,sm/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4,am/is/are+coming等现在分词 否定构成：will/shall not do/ a m/is/are not going to do,用法：将来会出现或发生的动作 常用时间状语：this evening,tomorrow,next month,in a few minutes,at the end of this term动词构成: 1,will/shall+动原 2,am/is/are going to+动词原型 3,sm/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4,am/is/are+coming等现在分词 否定构成：will/shall not do/ a