40吨aod操作规程

CHAPTER1SAFETY安全1111基本安全规范12常见危害14121ASPHYXIATION窒息14122ELECTROCUTION触电14123PRESSURE压力15124GASPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTANDFIRES气体处理设备和火灾16125FLAMMABILITY易燃事故16126OXIDIZERS强氧化介质17127CRYOGENICLIQUIDANDCOLDGAS低温液体和低温气体17128CONFINEDSPACE密闭容器1813CLEANINGFOROXYGENSERVICE氧清洗1814REFERENCES参考110CHAPTER2EQUIPMENTDESCRIPTION设备描述2121PERFORMANCECHARACTERISTICS性能特点2122CONTROLSYSTEMARCHITECTURE控制系统描述2223SYSTEMCONTROLS系统控制23231HARDWARECONTROLS硬件控制23233EMERGENCYSTOP紧急停止24234FLOWCONTROLLERS流量控制2424SEQUENCESOFTWAREDESCRIPTION顺序控制说明2525INTERLOCKS安全连锁25251SAFETYSHUTOFFANDBLOCKINGVALVEFAILURE安全切断阀故障26252LOWOXYGEN,ARGONANDN2SUPPLYHEADERPRESSURE氧气，氩气或氮气气源压力低2626CONTROLLERINPUTANDOUTPUTASSIGNMENTS控制器的输入输出分布26261ANALOGI/ODESCRIPTIONS模拟量I/O说明26262DISCRETEI/ODESCRIPTIONS数字量I/O说明29CHAPTER3INSTALLATION安装3131SPECIFICATIONS规格说明3232SYSTEMCOMPONENTS系统元件38321CONTROLVALVEPIPINGASSEMBLY控制阀架管路安装38322OPERATORWORKSTATIONS操作站3933PIPING管路39331OXYGENMATERIALSSELECTION氧气管路材料选择310332ONSITECLEANINGOFOXYGENLINES现场氧气回路的清洗310333INSPECTION检查31234WIRING接线312341TWOWIRETRANSMITTER两线制传感器313342ELECTRICALNOISE电气信号干扰313343WIRINGPRACTICES配线314CHAPTER4OPERATION操作4141OPERATINGDESIGN操作纲要42411DECARBURIZATION脱碳43412FUEL,REDUCTION,ANDSTIRPHASES燃烧，还原和搅拌阶段46413SHROUDPRESSURE环缝压力46OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE2TABLEOFCONTENTS414TUYEREPRESSURE风枪压力46415NITROGENCONTROL氮气控制4642PRACTICESANDGRADES工艺准则和钢种4843PROCESSPHASES工艺阶段4844NORMALOPERATION标准操作49441ROTATINGTHEVESSEL摇炉49442STARTINGTHEBLOW开吹410443SELECTINGPHASES阶段选择411444MANUALFLOW/PRESSURECONTROL手动流量/压力控制412445GENERATINGAREPORT打印报表41345MAKINGANEWHEAT制定一个新炉号415451STARTINGANEWHEAT开始一个新炉号416452CREATINGOREDITINGASAMPLE创建或编辑一个钢样419453CALCULATINGADECARBADDITION计算脱碳期添加物421454MAKINGADDITIONSBYORDERINGANDDELIVERINGRECIPES制定加入物料指令和加料单递交427455CALCULATINGASUPPLEMENTALREDUCTIONADDITION计算补加还原料428456CALCULATINGATRIMADDITION计算搅拌补加料430457CALCULATINGAFUELADDITION加燃料计算43046PRACTICESTABLE冶炼工艺表432461EDITINGAPRACTICE编辑一个参数433462EDITINGAGRADE编辑钢种436463EDITINGAMATERIAL编辑材料表438464EDITINGASLAG编辑炉渣44047LOGINANDPASSWORDS登陆和密码44148PSOURCESOFIGNITIONORTHECARRYINGORUSEOFMATCHES,LIGHTERS,ORTOBACCOPRODUCTSINTHEVICINITYOFEQUIPMENTCONTAININGFLAMMABLEGASESSTOREFLAMMABLECHEMICALSINACCORDANCEWITHMSDSINSTRUCTIONSUSEONLYSPARKPROOFTOOLSANDEXPLOSION防止火灾和爆炸在对设备进行检修时，消除所有火源。对设备小心OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE12OF10PAGE7PRAXAIRAODIRSSYSTEMFORJIANGYOUCHANGCHENGSPECIALSTEELCO,LTD,PANGANGGROUP,SICHUAN,CHINA轻放，不允许放置于明火和火源附近。勿携带点燃的火柴、香烟等靠近含有可燃气体的设备。在使用可燃设备时，请使用防火防爆工具。ENSURESAFEMAINTENANCEANDREPAIRONLYQUALIFIEDPERSONNELSHOULDREPAIRTHEEQUIPMENTPROTECTPERSONNELFROMHAZARDSRELATEDTOUNEXPECTEDENERGIZING,STARTUP,ORRELEASEOFSTOREDENERGYDURINGSERVICINGORMAINTENANCEBYUSINGSTRICTEQUIPMENTLOCKOUT/TAGOUTPROCEDURES确保安全维护及维修只有具有资质的操作人员才能维修设备。在维护维修过程中使用规范的隔离标识并锁定设备，防止发生意外触电、启动和能量释放所造成人员伤害事故。DANGERFAILURETOPROPERLYISOLATEEQUIPMENT,ELECTRICALSYSTEMS,ANDPIPINGCANCAUSEASPHYXIATION,FIRE,AND/OREXPLOSIONPOSITIVELYISOLATETHEEQUIPMENTFROMTHEGASSUPPLYANDTHEPROCESSMATERIALBEFOREPERFORMINGREPAIRWORKITISNOTSUFFICIENTTOSIMPLYCLOSEVALVESLINESANDTUBINGMUSTBEBLANKEDORDISCONNECTED危险不当的放置设备、电气系统和管道会导致窒息、火灾和爆炸。进行维修工作前，请正确放置设备，隔绝气体和工艺材料。切勿仅关闭阀门，线路和管道也必须封锁或断开。OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE13OF10PAGE8SAFETY12BASICHAZARDS常见危害DANGERADDITIONALHAZARDSMAYBEASSOCIATEDWITHTHEGASESUSEDINYOURAPPLICATIONANDWITHYOUREQUIPMENTDETERMINEWHICHHAZARDSYOUMAYENCOUNTER,ANDBEPREPAREDTOHANDLETHEMREFERTOTHEMSDSSSUPPLIEDWITHTHEGASES,ASWELLASALLGOVERNMENTREGULATIONSANDSAFETYSTANDARDSFORINDUSTRY危险应用设备里通过的气体处理不当，可能会造成危害。确定可能碰到的危险，并做好解决的准备。参见MSDS中的气体列表，以及所有政府或工业规定的安全标准。121ASPHYXIATION窒息DANGEREXPOSURETOARGONGASESORVAPORSMAYCAUSEASPHYXIATIONPROCEEDWITHCAUTIONANDINACCORDANCEWITHTHEMSDS危险长期吸入某种气体或蒸气会导致窒息。请参照MSDS进行安全操作。PRACTICALLYALLGASESCANACTASSIMPLEASPHYXIANTSBYDISPLACINGTHENATURALOXYGENINTHEAIRTOPREVENTSERIOUSPERSONNELINJURYANDPOSSIBLEDEATH,PROVIDEADEQUATEVENTILATIONTOTHEOUTSIDEENVIRONMENTINAREASWHEREANYPROCESSGASMAYACCUMULATECONSIDERTHEINCREASEDPOTENTIALFORASPHYXIATIONWHENPRESSURETESTINGORPURGINGEQUIPMENTWITHCARBONDIOXIDEOROTHERNONAIRGASES事实上除去氧气，空气中的任何一种气体都能作为窒息物。为防止严重的人员伤亡，在工艺气体容易堆积处须提供必要的通风系统。必须充分考虑到在用氮气或其它气体进行压力测试和清洗设备时所可能发生窒息的潜在危险。122ELECTROCUTION触电DANGERELECTRICSHOCKCANKILLUSEEXTREMECAUTIONIFTROUBLESHOOTINGORSERVICINGTHISEQUIPMENTDONOTBYPASSSAFETYINTERLOCKSANELECTROCUTIONHAZARDEXISTSEVENAFTERTHEEQUIPMENTHASBEENDEENERGIZEDONLYQUALIFIEDPERSONNELWORKINGINCOMPLIANCEWITHALLCUSTOMERREQUIREMENTS,ANDAPPLICABLEFEDERAL/NATIONAL,STATE/PROVINCIAL,ANDLOCALCODESSHALLPERFORMTHEELECTRICALWIRING危险电击可能造成死亡。在修理或操作此设备时要格外注意。不OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE14OF10PAGE9PRAXAIRAODIRSSYSTEMFORJIANGYOUCHANGCHENGSPECIALSTEELCO,LTD,PANGANGGROUP,SICHUAN,CHINA要忽略安全保险设备。触电死亡危险在设备断电后也会发生。地方标准资格工作人员才可以接线。ADHERETOTHEFOLLOWINGGUIDELINESTOHELPGUARDAGAINSTPOSSIBLEELECTROCUTION遵守以下准则可以预防可能发生的触电死亡TAMPERINGWITH,ORUNAUTHORIZEDSUBSTITUTIONOF,COMPONENTSMAYADVERSELYAFFECTTHESAFETYOFTHISEQUIPMENTUSEONLYFACTORYAPPROVEDCOMPONENTSFORREPAIR擅自修改或使用未经批准的组件会损害设备的安全。请使用经工厂批准的组件维修。TURNOFFTHEPOWERBEFOREOPENINGTHEEQUIPMENT,ORCHECKINGORREPLACINGANYCOMPONENTUSETOOLSDESIGNEDFORWORKONELECTRICALEQUIPMENT在开启设备、检查或替换元器件前关闭电源。应使用专用的电气工具。CAREFULLYFOLLOWALLHAZARDOUSWORKPERMITHWPANDLOCKOUT/TAGOUTPROCEDURESFORYOURFACILITY严格按照所有危险工作许可和设备锁定和隔离标识程序执行机器操作。DONOTTOUCHESLIVEELECTRICALCOMPONENTSINSIDETHEEQUIPMENTELECTRICSHOCKCAUSEDBYVOLTAGEINTHECONTROLCIRCUITSCANKILL切勿碰触设备中正在运行的电子元件；控制电路中由电压造成的电击是致命的。123PRESSURE压力DANGERMISHANDLINGOFPRESSURIZEDPROCESSEQUIPMENTORGASCYLINDERSCANRESULTINDEATH,SERIOUSINJURY,ORPROPERTYDAMAGEHANDLEPRESSURIZEDEQUIPMENTANDCYLINDERSWITHEXTREMECAREANDINACCORDANCEWITHTHEMANUFACTURERSINSTRUCTIONS危险对加压的设备或气罐处理不当可能导致死亡、严重的伤害,或财产损害。处理加压的设备和气缸时要极度注意，并根据制造商指导进行操作。THECONTENTSOFTHISEQUIPMENTAREUNDERPRESSURESUDDENORUNCONTROLLEDRELEASEOFPRESSURIZEDGASCANCAUSESERIOUSINJURYTHEGASESTHEMSELVESOROBJECTSPROPELLEDBYTHEGASESMAYSTRIKEPERSONNELATHIGHSPEEDORPOSSIBLYCAUSEASPARKINDUCEDFIREAVOIDHIGHPRESSUREHAZARDSTHROUGHCAREFULINSPECTIONANDPROPERHANDLINGOFEQUIPMENTANDCYLINDERSTHEPRESSURERELIEFDEVICESIE,SAFETYVALVES,BURSTINGDISCSSUPPLIEDWITHTHISEQUIPMENTFOROVERPRESSUREPROTECTIONMUSTBEMAINTAINEDATREGULARINTERVALSTOENSURETHEIRPROPEROPERATIONOM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE15OF10PAGE10SAFETY此设备中都是受压气体。突然释放或不加控制地释放受压气体可能造成严重的伤害。气体或气体推动的物体会以高速撞击工作人员。通过仔细检查和适当处理设备和气缸来避免高压危险。随设备供应的用于保护压力过度的减压设备即,安全阀,放散阀必须时常维护以保证正常运作。BEAWAREOFTHELOCATIONSATWHICHHIGHPRESSUREGASESEXISTANDTHEPRECAUTIONSFOROPERATINGORMAINTAININGEQUIPMENTTHATHANDLESTHESEGASES注意高压气体存在的方位，以及处理这些气体的设备的操作或维护准则。124GASPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTANDFIRES气体处理设备和火灾DANGERFIRESINORNEARGASPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTCANRESULTINTHERELEASEOFPROCESSGASESDEPENDINGONTHEGASESRELEASED,RESPONDINGPERSONNELMAYBEATRISKFORASPHYXIATION,TOXICITY,FLAMMABILITY,AND/OREXPLOSIONHAZARDSEMERGENCYRESPONSEPLANNINGMUSTCONSIDERTHEPRESENCEANDPOTENTIALIMPACTOFPROCESSGASES危险气体处理设备中或周围的火源可能导致被处理气体的释放。根据气体释放程度的不同,受影响的人员可能会窒息、中毒、自燃,并且/或者爆炸。必须充分考虑气体处理潜在的危害并制定紧急应对计划。125FLAMMABILITY易燃事故DANGERFLAMMABLEGASESCANFORMEXPLOSIVEMIXTURESWITHAIRIFALLOWEDTOCONCENTRATEINAWORKAREA,EVENAGASWITHARELATIVELYLOWFLAMMABILITYCANEXPLODEPROVIDEADEQUATEVENTILATION危险易燃气体能够与空气形成爆炸混合物。当其在一工作区域内聚集到一定程度时，便容易引起爆炸。请提供良好的通风系统。ADEQUATEVENTILATIONOFENCLOSEDAREASSERVESASTHECHIEFPRECAUTIONAGAINSTANACCUMULATIONOFTHEFLAMMABLEGASESTOGETHERWITHSAFEPROCEDURESANDEQUIPMENTTODETECTPOSSIBLELEAKSIDENTIFYTHESOURCESOFIGNITIONENSURETHATELECTRICALEQUIPMENTISDESIGNEDFORTHEPRESENCEOFFLAMMABLEGASESPERTHENATIONALELECTRICALCODENEC具有良好的通风系统的封闭区域、安全的生产工序以及监测能够预防易燃气体的堆积。检测潜在危险火源。确保易燃气体的电气设备符合国际电气设计规范。OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE16OF10PAGE11PRAXAIRAODIRSSYSTEMFORJIANGYOUCHANGCHENGSPECIALSTEELCO,LTD,PANGANGGROUP,SICHUAN,CHINA126OXIDIZERS强氧化介质DANGEROXIDIZINGGASESVIGOROUSLYACCELERATECOMBUSTIONANDCREATEAFIREHAZARDWITHOUTBEINGFLAMMABLETHEMSELVESCONTACTWITHFLAMMABLEMATERIALSMAYCAUSEFIREOREXPLOSIONPROVIDEADEQUATEVENTILATION危险氧化性气体会加速燃烧，自行起火，无须点燃。接触可燃材料会导致火灾和爆炸。请放置于通风环境下。THISEQUIPMENTCONTAINSOXIDIZERSAVOIDCONTACTWITHOILS,GREASES,ANDOTHERFLAMMABLEMATERIALSPROVIDEADEQUATEVENTILATION此设备装有强氧化性介质。避免接触汽油、润滑油、以及其他易燃材料。请放置于通风环境下。127CRYOGENICLIQUIDANDCOLDGAS低温液体和低温气体DANGERCRYOGENICLIQUIDANDCOLDGASCAUSESEVEREFROSTBITEONCONTACTWITHTHESKINAVOIDBODYCONTACTWITHTHELIQUIDORWITHEQUIPMENTCHILLEDTOLIQUIDTEMPERATURE危险低温液体可能导致皮肤严重冻伤。避免与液体或下降到液体温度的机器进行身体接触。THISEQUIPMENTCONTAINSCRYOGENICLIQUIDSATATMOSPHERICPRESSURE,NORMALLYGASEOUSELEMENTSSUCHASOXYGEN,NITROGEN,ANDHYDROGENEXISTASLIQUIDSONLYATCRYOGENICTEMPERATURESBELOWAPPROXIMATELY300F185C,OR400F222CBELOWNORMALBODYTEMPERATUREUSEEXTREMECAUTIONWHENWORKINGWITHCRYOGENICLIQUIDS此设备含低温液体。通常在大气压下，气体元素如氧气、氮气和氢气只在低温下以液体形式存在大约301华氏（185摄氏度）以下,或正常体温之下399华氏（222摄氏度）。在做与低温液体相关工作时要非常当心。LIQUIDORCOLDGASMAYCAUSESEVEREFROSTBITETOTHEEYESORSKINDONOTTOUCHFROSTEDPIPESORVALVESIFACCIDENTALEXPOSUREOCCURS,CONSULTAPHYSICIANATONCEIMMEDIATELYWARMEXPOSEDTISSUEWITHWARMWATERNOTTOEXCEED105F405CNEVERRUBTHEEXPOSEDBODYPARTBEFOREORAFTERREWARMING液体或低温气体会引起眼睛与皮肤的严重冻伤。请勿触摸冻结的管道和阀门。万一发生事故，请及时就医。急救处理，勿用超过105华氏（405摄氏度）的温水，在预热前后，勿揉搓受伤处。OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE17OF10PAGE12SAFETY128CONFINEDSPACE密闭容器DANGERCONFINEDSPACES,SUCHASTANKS,VESSELS,PITS,COLDBOXES,HOPPERS,SCRUBBERS,ANDDUCTS,ETC,CANCONTAINUNSAFEATMOSPHERESPRESUMETHATTHEINTERIOROFANYVESSELORENCLOSURECONTAINSAHAZARDOUSATMOSPHEREUNTILAPPROPRIATEGASMONITORINGSHOWSITTOBESAFEWEARAPPROPRIATEPPERELATIVETOTHEPOTENTIALEXPOSUREHAZARDS危险诸如储槽、器皿、冷箱、贮水槽、洗涤器、输送管等密闭容器能够容纳危险气体。密闭容器内存放危险气体，必须由气体监测仪检测其为安全。进行相关操作时，须穿戴合适的个人防护用具。COMPLYWITHAPPLICABLEGOVERNMENTREGULATIONSANDESTABLISHEDPROCEDURESWHENEVERENTERINGCONFINEDSPACESALWAYSENSURETHATALLPOSSIBLESOURCESOFNONAIRGASESANDOTHERHAZARDSAREREMOVEDORISOLATEDFROMTHESPACEPRIORTOENTRYIFYOUCANNOTENSUREASAFEBREATHINGATMOSPHERE,YOUMUSTWEARASELFCONTAINEDBREATHINGAPPARATUSSCBABESURETOPOSITIVELYISOLATETHEEQUIPMENTFROMANYGASSUPPLYANDPROCESSMATERIALBEFOREREPAIRWORKISPERFORMEDITISNOTSUFFICIENTTOSIMPLYCLOSEVALVESLINESANDTUBINGMUSTBEBLANKEDORDISCONNECTED当进入密闭空间内，必须严格依照政府相关法规和制定的工作程序。始终确保在进入密闭空间之前，清除所有非空气类气体及其他有害物质。假如无法确保安全的呼吸环境，则必须自带呼吸设备。在维修工作之前，确保设备中无任何气体和工艺材料。仅仅关闭阀门是不够的，线路和管道也必须封锁或断开。IFNOTALLHAZARDSCANBEREMOVEDORIFHAZARDSWILLBECREATEDBYMAINTENANCEORREPAIRWORKTOBECONDUCTEDWITHINTHESPACE,USEAPPROPRIATEHAZARDMONITORINGEQUIPMENTTONOTIFYPERSONNELOFUNSAFECONDITIONSENSURETHATEMERGENCYPROCEDURESAREREADYFORRESCUEOFPERSONNEL如果危险物体无法移出或维护、维修必须在此区域进行，请使用适当的监测系统。确保具有紧急救援时的措施。13氧清洗警告所有用于氧气服务的设备必须彻底清洗。污染可能导致设备组件的突发燃烧,包括会释放巨大能量的金属、熔融金属,以及其OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE18OF10PAGE13PRAXAIRAODIRSSYSTEMFORJIANGYOUCHANGCHENGSPECIALSTEELCO,LTD,PANGANGGROUP,SICHUAN,CHINA他导致工作人员受伤的可能因素。MANYMETALLICANDNONMETALLICMATERIALSTHATNORMALLYDONOTBURNINAIRCANBURNREADILYINHIGHCONCENTRATIONSOFOXYGENCONTAMINATIONINOXYGENEQUIPMENTCANBEEASILYIGNITED,WHICHCANPROMOTETHECOMBUSTIONOFEQUIPMENTMATERIALSOFCONSTRUCTIONPARTICLESPICKEDUPANDCARRIEDBYOXYGENFLOWSCANIMPACTTHEINSIDEOFEQUIPMENTTHEENERGYOFTHISIMPACTCANALSOIGNITEEQUIPMENTMATERIALSSYSTEMCLEANLINESSANDMATERIALSSELECTIONARE,THEREFORE,EXTREMELYCRITICALTOSAFEOXYGENSYSTEMOPERATION许多通常不在空气里燃烧的材料在氧气高聚集区极易燃烧。氧气设备中的污物很容易点燃，这将导致设备材料的燃烧。由氧气带出的微粒可能冲击到设备的内部。这种冲击的能量也可能引燃设备材料。因此，系统的清洁和材料的选择，对于氧气系统操作是至关重要的。USEONLYPRAXAIRAPPROVEDREPLACEMENTPARTSENSURETHATALLREPLACEMENTPARTSARECOMPATIBLEWITHOXYGENANDCLEANEDFOROXYGENSERVICEKEEPREPAIRPARTSINCLEAN,SEALEDPLASTICBAGSUNTILREADYFORUSEUSETOOLSTHATHAVEBEENCLEANEDFOROXYGENSERVICETAKEEXTRAPRECAUTIONSNOTTOINTRODUCECONTAMINATIONINTOOXYGENEQUIPMENTDURINGMAINTENANCEACTIVITIES只能使用普莱克斯指定的配件。确保所有替换件是与氧气兼容并符合氧气服务的清洁标准。把配件安置在清洁，密封的塑料袋中备用。使用清洁的氧气服务的工具。在保养期间采取额外预防措施以不让污秽物进入氧气设备。ALLAREASWHEREOXYGENANDOXYGENEQUIPMENTAREUSED,HANDLED,ORSTOREDMUSTBEKEPTCLEANTOPREVENTIGNITIONBECAUSEEVENNORMALINDUSTRIALDIRTANDSOOTCANSUPPORTCOMBUSTION,THEEXTERIORSURFACESOFALLEQUIPMENTUSEDINOXYGENSERVICEMUSTBEKEPTCLEAN所有使用、操作或者存放氧气和氧气设备的所有区域必须保持干净以防止燃烧。因为即使是正常的工业灰尘和煤灰都可能支持燃烧，所有用于氧气服务的设备的外在表面必须保持清洁。WHERECOMPONENTSOFEQUIPMENTCLEANEDFOROXYGENSERVICEMUSTBEREPLACED,USEAPPROPRIATECLEANINGSTANDARDSTOENSURETHATEQUIPMENTHASBEENSAFELYPREPAREDFORTHEAPPLICATIONFORWHICHITISINTENDEDDONOTUSECLEANINGAGENTSTHATLEAVEORGANICDEPOSITSONTHECLEANEDSURFACESALWAYSHANDLEEQUIPMENTTHATWILLCOMEINCONTACTWITHOXYGENWITHCLEANGLOVESORWITHHANDSTHATHAVEBEENWASHEDCLEANOFOILCAREFULLYINSPECTALLCLEANEDPARTSIFANYEVIDENCEOFCONTAMINATIONISNOTED,CLEANTHEPARTAGAIN使用适当的清洁标准确保设备完好应用。不要让保洁工在被清洗的表面留下有机洗涤剂。请去除手上的油污或戴干净的手套接触氧气设备。仔细地检查所有清洗的部件。如果发现任何部分被污染,要进行重新清洗。REFERTOCLEANINGFOROXYGENSERVICE,CGAPUBLICATIONG41,FORAPPROVEDMETHODSOFCLEANINGFOROXYGENSERVICEANDFORINFORMATIONONOM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE19OF10PAGE14SAFETYOXYGENCOMPATIBLEMATERIALS参照氧气服务的清洁（CGA出版，G41）了解氧气服务的清洁方法以及与氧气兼容的材料的信息。14REFERENCES参考TABLE11ISASUMMARYOFREFERENCEPUBLICATIONSAPPLICABLETOTHISEQUIPMENT表11是适用于本设备的相关出版物列表TABLE11表11SUMMARYOFREFERENCEPUBLICATIONS相关出版物列表PUBLICATIONNUMBERTITLE标题LOCATION地点出版刊号L14162AGUIDETOSAFETYANDCONFINEDSPACESCALL1800PRAXAIRP3499SAFETYPRECAUTIONSANDEMERGENCYRESPONSEPLANNINGAWARENESSP14042SAFETYPRECAUTIONSFORAODOPERATIONMSDSFORARGONOBTAINFROMYOURGASSUPPLIERIFPRAXAIRMSDSFOROXYGENISYOURGASSUPPLIER,CALLMSDSFORNITROGEN1800PRAXAIRORSEEWWWPRAXAIRCOMG41CLEANINGEQUIPMENTFOROXYGENSERVICECOMPRESSEDGASASSOCIATIONCGAG44INDUSTRIALPRACTICESFORGASEOUSOXYGEN4221WALNEYROADTH5FLOORP1TRANSMISSIONANDDISTRIBUTIONPIPINGSYSTEMSCHANTILLY,VA201512923SAFEHANDLINGOFCRYOGENICLIQUIDS7037882700P12OXYGENDEFICIENTATMOSPHERESWWWCGANETCOMSB2AVOIDINGHAZARDSINCONFINEDWORKSPACESSB15DURINGMAINTENANCE,CONSTRUCTION,ANDSIMILARACTIVITIESLISTAPPLICABLEOSHAPUBSSUPERINTENDENTOFDOCUMENTSGOVERNMENTPRINTINGOFFICEWASHINGTON,DC20402WWWOSHAGOVNIOSH87113CONFINEDSPACEENTRYUSDEPARTMENTOFFEDERALINFORMATIONSOURCEHEALTHANDHUMANSERVICESUSDEPARTMENTOFCOMMERCESPRINGFIELD,VA22161WWWCDCGOV/NIOSH/HOMEPAGEHTMLTHRESHOLDLIMITVALUESTLVSFORCHEMICALAMERICANCONFERENCEOFGOVERNMENTSUBSTANCESANDPHYSICALAGENTSINDUSTRIALHYGIENISTSACGIHTECHNICALAFFAIRSOFFICE1330KEMPERMEADOWDRIVECINCINNATI,OH452405137422020OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE110OF10PAGE15PRAXAIRAODIRSSYSTEMFORJIANGYOUCHANGCHENGSPECIALSTEELCO,LTD,PANGANGGROUP,SICHUAN,CHINACHAPTER2EQUIPMENTDESCRIPTION设备描述THISCHAPTERDESCRIBESEACHCOMPONENTOFTHEPRAXAIRARGONOXYGENDECARBURIZATIONAODINTELLIGENTREFININGSYSTEMREFERREDTOINTHISMANUALASTHEINTELLIGENTREFININGSYSTEMINSTALLEDATJIANGYOUCHANGCHENGSPECIALSTEELCO,LTD,PANGANGGROUPINSICHUAN,CHINAPRAXAIRSINTELLIGENTREFININGSYSTEMIMPROVESAODOPERATIONUSINGASINGLE,INTEGRATEDREFININGGASDELIVERYSYSTEMTHESYSTEMCONSISTSOFTWOINTEGRATEDPARTS本章节对安装于中国四川攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司的普莱克斯氩氧脱碳法（AOD）的智能精炼系统（简称为智能炼钢系统）的每个设备做了说明。普莱克斯智能精炼系统使用单一的、高集成配气系统，改进了AOD的操作方式。这个系统由两部分组成1DELIVERYSYSTEMVALVEPIPINGASSEMBLY,ITSASSOCIATEDINSTRUMENTATION,ANDTHEPROGRAMMABLELOGICCONTROLLERPLC配气系统阀门，管件，仪器仪表，可编程逻辑控制器。2OPERATORSTATIONSCOMPUTER,MONITORS,ANDMOUSEWITHASSOCIATEDSOFTWAREANDCOMMUNICATIONEQUIPMENT操作站计算机，监视器，软件和通讯设备。REFERTOTHESCHEMATICDIAGRAMSINAPPENDIXAFORSYSTEMLAYOUTANDCOMPONENTS参考附件A中关于系统配置的图纸。21PERFORMANCECHARACTERISTICS性能特点211OXYGENDELIVERYSYSTEM氧气配送系统THEOXYGENMETERINGPORTIONSOFTHEINTELLIGENTREFININGSYSTEMAREDESIGNEDTOCONFORMTOCGAPAMPHLETG44THEFOLLOWINGSYSTEMCONSTRAINTSANDREQUIREMENTSARETHEBASISOFTHEOXYGENFLOWCALCULATIONSANDLINESIZING智能精炼系统的氧气配送系统设计遵循CGA（美国压缩气体协会）标准G44。氧气流量的计算和管道尺寸的确定基于以下的系统要求OXYGENSUPPLYPRESSUREATVALVERACKHEADER1720BARG氧气压力（阀架进口）1720BARGOXYGENSUPPLYTEMPERATUREATVALVERACKHEADER20C氧气温度（阀架进口）20COXYGENMAXDESIGNDELIVERY96NM3/MIN,设计氧气最大流量96NM3/MIN,OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE21OF11PAGE16EQUIPMENTDESCRIPTIONTHECGASSTANDARDSONCOMPRESSEDOXYGENFLOWWITHINSTAINLESSSTEELPIPINGSYSTEMSALLOWFORVELOCITIESAPPROACHING150FT/SECWHENTHEPRESSUREWITHINTHEPIPEIS250PSIGORLESSCGA标准规定，在不锈钢管道系统中，压力小于等于150PSIG时，氧气的最大流速不能超过150FT/SEC。212INERTGASDELIVERYSYSTEM惰性气体配送系统ARGONSUPPLYPRESSUREATVALVERACKHEADER1720BARG氩气压力（阀架进口）1720BARGARGONTEMPERATUREATHEADER20C氩气温度（阀架进口）20CARGONMAXIMUMDESIGNDELIVERY80NM3/MIN设计氩气最大流量80NM3/MINN2SUPPLYPRESSUREATVALVERACKHEADER1720BAR氮气气压力（阀架进口）1720BARN2TEMPERATUREATHEADER20C氮气气温度（阀架进口）20CN2MAXIMUMDESIGNDELIVERY80NM3/MIN设计氮气气最大流量80NM3/MIN22CONTROLSYSTEMARCHITECTURE控制系统描述PROCESSCONTROLISPROVIDEDVIATHEHMIINTHEFURNACEPULPITSYSTEMOPERATIONANDFUNCTIONSARECARRIEDOUTFROMTHEHMIVIAAMOUSE过程控制由放置于炉子控制室的工作站完成（人机界面）。所有系统功能及操作只需由鼠标来控制实现。ALLCOMMUNICATIONBETWEENTHECONTROLVALVEASSEMBLYANDTHESIEMENSCONTROLLOGIXPLCISVIA24VDCDISCRETEI/OAND420MAANALOGI/OSIGNALSCOMMUNICATIONBETWEENTHESIEMENSCONTROLLOGIXANDTHEHMIISHANDLEDVIAANETHERNETSWITCHCONNECTIONSIEMENSPLC与控制阀架的所有通讯通过24VDC（离散信号I/O）和420MA（模拟量信号I/O）实现通讯。SIEMENSPLC与工作站通过以太网连接。THEHMICONTROLSANDMONITORSSYSTEMOPERATIONDURINGALLPHASESOFTHEPROCESS,EXCEPTWHENMANUALLYOPERATINGISOLATIONVALVESDURINGTESTING人机界面控制并监视系统除手动测试外的整个工作过程。OM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE22OF11PAGE17PRAXAIRAODIRSSYSTEMFORJIANGYOUCHANGCHENGSPECIALSTEELCO,LTD,PANGANGGROUP,SICHUAN,CHINA23SYSTEMCONTROLS系统控制THISSECTIONDESCRIBESTHEINTELLIGENTREFININGSYSTEMCONTROLSREFERTOTHEPATMINIMUMOXYGEN,THESHROUDPRESSURESETPOINTISATMINIMUMWHENTHESYSTEMDETECTSTHEPRESENCEOFFUELELEMENTSSILICONORALUMINUMDURINGDECARBURIZATION,THESHROUDSETPOINTISSETAVALUEAPPROPRIATETOAFUELPHASE当然，每个风枪环缝的压力设定值是与氧气流量有关。在最大氧流量下，风枪环缝的压力设定值也最大。氧流量最小时风枪环缝的压力设定值也最小。当在脱碳期系统发觉有易燃烧元素（硅或铝）存在时，环缝的压力设定值会定在一个适合燃烧阶段的数值。THEEVERYSHROUDPRESSURESETTINGADJUSTMENTWILLBEBASEDONEACHTUYERESKINDLEMUSHROOMAFTERUSEDOM1304ISSUED2013/03PAGE45OF55PAGE48OPERATION每个风枪环缝的压力设定值的调整将依据和参考每把风枪使用后结瘤状况（蘑菇头）来设定。412FUEL,REDUCTION,ANDSTIRPHASES燃烧，还原和搅拌阶段INTHEFUEL,REDUCTION,ANDSTIRPHASES,THEINTELLIGENTREFININGSYSTEMSETSTHEOXYGENFLOWRATE,INERTFLOWRATE,ANDSHROUDPRESSURE,ASGIVENINTHEAPPROPRIATESECTIONSOFTHEPRACTICESTABLESECTION46在燃烧，还原和搅拌阶段，智能精炼系统会给出氧气流量，惰性气体流量和环缝压力，可见操作表章节（46节）。413SHROUDPRESSURE环缝压力ASDESCRIBEDINSECTION411,THESHROUDPRESSURESETPOINTCANOVERRIDETHEINERTFLOWRATESETPOINTTHISCANOCCURDURINGCARBON/LOWALLOYPROCESSING,WHERESHROUDPRESSURESAREHIGHANDTHEINERTFLOWREQUIREDDURINGDECARBURIZATIONISLOWTHISOVERRIDECASCADECONTROLPROTECTSTHETUYERESFROMRAPIDEROSION根据411节所述，环缝压力设定不会顾及惰性气体流量设定值。如当冶炼碳钢低合金钢，在脱碳阶段能够达到所要求的高的环缝压力和低的惰性气体流量。这种越过控制（层叠控制）保护了风枪不被过度烧损。414TUYEREPRESSURE风枪压力LIKESHROUDPRESSURE,THETUYEREPRESSURECONTROLMAYOVERRIDETHEINERTGASSETPOINTINORDERTOMAINTAINAMINIMUMPRESSUREANDPREVENTTUYERECLOGGING像环缝压力一样，为了维持最低压力和预防风枪堵塞，风枪压力控制可以不顾及惰性气体流量设定值。415NITROGENCONTROL氮气控制THENITROGENCONTROLALGORITHMMAXIMIZESTHEUSEOFLOWCOSTNITROGENDURINGAHEATTHENITROGENCONTROLALGORITHM每炉氮含量控制运算法则是按低成本氮气的最大利用效率来计算的ESTIMATESTHEAMOUNTOFINERTGASANDCARBONMONOXIDETHATMIGHTBEBLOWNFORTHEREMAINDEROFTHEHEATTHESUMOFTHEESTIMATEDREMAININGDE