宾语从句的三大考点

宾语从句(Object Clause)【考点扫描】中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 引导宾语从句的连词选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。4.宾语从句的否定转移考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到宾语从句。宾语从句的概念：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.考点一：宾语从句的连接词1. that引导宾语从句时,that只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,也没有词义,常可省略。I know(that) he is a teacher. 2. whether或if引导宾语从句时,whether或if在句中不充当句子成分,意为“是否”,不可省略。如:I dont know whether/ if my parents agree with me. 注意:只能用whether不可用if1. 是直接与or not 连用时,表选择时往往用whether I wonder whether we stay or go. 我想知道我们是去还是留。2. 在介词之后用whether 。3. 在不定式前用whether。whether to doI dont know whether to go. 我不知去否。4. whether 置于句首时。Whether this is true or not , I cant say. 这是否是真的我说不上来。5.if 表“如果”条件状语从句时，不能用whether替换Im wondering if he (come). If he , please call me.Do you know when Kangkang (come).back? Could you tell me when he back. 3 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?【宾语从句的否定转移】 主句的谓语动词是(I / we ) think,believe,imagine,suppose,等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.1. 改错 I think he wont come to my party.我认为他不会来我的舞会.2. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句） I _ _ this _ a good idea.5. I dont suppose they will come, _ _ ? (改为反意疑问句)连词练习1. Do you know _Mr. Green came to China? A. what B. when C. which D. Where2. I want to know _ he can be there on time. A. who B. when C. where D. if3. Would you please tell me _ I can get to the station?A. where B. how C. which D. why4. Did you know _a sports meeting the next Saturday?A. if there wereB. there would have C. if there was going to be D. there was going to have5. Theres a red car parking in our neighborhood. Do you know it is?A. what B. who C. whose D. whom6. I want to know you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.A. that B. when C. where D. whether7. -Are you sure you have to do it? Its been very late.-I dont know I can do it if not now. A. where B. why C. when D. how8. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you.A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 9. Could you follow I say?A. who B. that C. which D. what10. Could you tell me thats a fast train or not?A. whether B. if C. what D. why考点二 ：宾语从句的语序（从句使用陈述语序）1.疑问词是主语 语序是：疑问词+谓语+宾语（表语）Could you tell me what is the matter? / Could you tell me what is wrong? /Could you tell me what happened here?what充当宾语从句的主语，所以what is本身就是主+谓的正常语序，不需要倒装。 2.疑问词不是主语 语序是：疑问词/if/whether+主语+谓语(动词部分)+其他， Could you tell me where you are from?(where作from的宾语) 巩固练习1. I dont know . A. what the population of Nanning is B. what is the population of NanningC. how much the population of Nanning isD. how much is the population of Nanning2. -Do you know going to stay in London?-No, I dont. Maybe a few days. A. when he is B. how long he is C. when is he D. how long is he3. -We dont know .-Its said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is doing B. if he lives hereC. where he comes from D. which country is he from4. -Could you tell me ? I want to buy some stamps.-Sorry. Im a stranger here.A. where is the post office B. where was the post officeC. how can I get to the post office D. the way to the post office5. She didnt tell me A. which room did he live in B. which floor he lived onC. which room he lived D. he lived in which house6. Do you know ?A. whats her name B. what her name is C. her name is what D. that her name is考点三：宾语从句的时态1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。（主现在从自定） 2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。（主过去从过去） 3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时（真理不变） He said that light travels much faster than sound/ the sun rises in the east. /the earth goes around the sun. 他说光比声音传播得快。/太阳从东方升起/ 地球绕着太阳转。一. 单项填空 1. -I dont know if his uncle . -I think he if it doesnt rain.A. will come; comes B. will come; will come C. comes; comes D. comes; will come2-Can you see ? -No. Lets go and have a look. Maybe we can help them.A. what was happening there B. what are they doing thereC. what are they talking there D. what is happening there3.-Jim, what did your uncle say in the letter? -He said that he the Great Wall the next day. How wonderful!A. will visit B. would visit C. has visited D. is visiting4. -Do you know who to our public performance this weekend?-Sorry, I dont know.A. comes B. has comes C. coming D. will come【中考范例】1. (2004年北京市中考)Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002.A. where does she live B. Where she livesC. where did she live D. where she lived2. (2004年上海市徐汇区中考)Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where he would play footballC. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game3. (2004年哈尔滨市中考)I dont know when _.A. will the train leave B. the train will leaveC. would the train leave D. the train leave4. (2004年常州市)-We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Sweden.A. what he is B. if he lives hereC. where he comes from D. which country is he from二、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?3Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.4Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.简化宾语从句把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：方法一：当主句谓语动词是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：She has forgotten how she can open the window. She has forgotten how to open the window.方法二：还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：I found that it was difficult to learn English well. I found it difficult to learn English well.1. Lucy hasnt decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句） Lucy hasnt decided _ _ _ _ buy.2. I dont know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句） I dont know _ _ _ to the hospital.3. Sally is teaching the children paper flowers.A. where to make B. what to make C. when to make D. how to make4 -I heard that you would give a talk.-Yes, but I dont know .A. to say what B. what to say C. to say how D. how to say直接引语变间接引语的巧学一主句动词二连词直接引语如果是陈述句， 改为由that引导的宾语从句直接引语如果是 一般疑问句， 改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为tell(ask, order等) sb (not) to do sth.三人称 歌诀巧记人称变化：“一随主、二随宾、三不变”“一随主”指在直接引语中的第一人称变为间接引语时，要和主句中的主语在人称上保持一致。He said，“I am forty，”He said that he was forty“二随宾”指直接引语中的第二人称变为间接引语时，要和主句中的间接宾语保持人称一致。如：He said，“Are you coming tomorrow？”He asked me if I was coming the next day“三不变”指直接引语中的第三人称变为间接引语时，人称不变。He said，“Is she an English teacher？”He asked if she was an English teacher四语序五时态直接引语时态 动词形式 间接引语时态 动词形式一般现在时 动原/三单 一般过去时 过去式一般将来时will +动原 would +动原am/ is/are+going to do 过去将来时 was/were +going to do现在进行时am/ is/are+doing 过去进行时 was/were+doing一般过去时 过去式 过去完成时 had+过去分词现在完成时have/has+过去分词 过去完成时 had+过去分词过去完成时 不变 过去完成时但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 直接引语是客观真理。 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 2l, 1980。 Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。六.其他指示代词 this -that these- those 表示时间的词 now - then today- that day this week(month ,etc) -that week (month ,etc) yesterday -the day before last week(month) - the week(month) before three days()ago-three days()before tomorrow -the next day next week(month)-the next week(month) 表地点的词 here -there 动词 bring - take come -go. 巩固练习一 请将下列直接引语改为间接引语。 1.She said, “Are you from the south?” She asked _ I _ from the south. 2. Mom said to me, “Dont tell a lie.” Mom _ me _ _ tell a lie. 3Susan said to me, “We will visit the farm next week.” Susan told me that _ _ _ the farm _ _ _. 4 Mr Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” Mr Paul _ us that light _ faster than sound. 二间接引语变直接引语1. Betty asked me if I had been at home the day before.Betty asked me，“_ _ _ _ at home _ _?” 2. The teacher asked us whether we were ready.The teacher asked us，“_ _ _ _ _ _?”3. The teacher told her not to be late any more.The teacher said to her，“_ _ _ late any more!” 请将下列直接引语改为间接引语。 1.She said, “Are you from the south?” She asked _ I _ from the south. 2. Mom said to me,