福建省建瓯市第二中学2017届高三英语复习课件：虚拟语气用法小结

虚拟语气用法小结,TheSubjunctiveMood,一.虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法,动词过去式(be动词用were),should/would/could/might+动词原形,had+过去分词,should/would/could/might+have+过去分词,should/would/could/might+动词原形,1.动词过去式2.wereto+动词原形3.should+动词原形,1.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.2.IfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.3.Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.4.Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycouldhavepassedtheexam.5.Ifyouworkedhard,everythingwouldbeallright.6.Ifyoushouldworkhard,everythingwouldbeallright.7.Ifyouweretoworkhard,everythingwouldbeallright.,混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反,含蓄的虚拟条件句一些介词短语,如:butfor(要不是),without,otherwise(否则),but,inthatcase(如果是那样的话),表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气Withoutyourhelp,wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting,butIwasillthatday.,虚拟条件从句中有should,were,had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.Hadyougotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.Ifyoushouldworkhard,everythingwouldbeallright.Shouldyouworkhard,everythingwouldbeallright.,虚拟条件句的倒装,二.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气,一个坚持_两个命令_三个建议_四个要求_,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。从句中的动词使用should+动词原形,或者将should省略。Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)trytolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tellhimthenews.,insist,order,command,advise,suggest,propose,demand,require,request,desire,Theteachersuggestedthatwe(should)cleantheblackboardafterclass.Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewashappyforpassingtheexam.Heinsistedthatallofus(should)bethereontimebyanymeans.Heinsistedthathewasright.,insist表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即should+do;表示“坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。suggest表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气,在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，advice，decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中，要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用should原形动词。另外连接从句的that不能省略。例：Mysuggestionisthatwe（should）gothereatonce.Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe（should）putonaplayattheEnglishevening?Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.,表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气,在Itis/wassuggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/etc.that结构中要使用虚拟语气。如：Itssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Itisorderedthatallthetroops(should)withdrawthreemilesaway.根据命令，所有部队撤至三英哩以外。,Itisstrangethat_.他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。Itisagreatpitythat_.他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。Itisnaturalthat_.鸟在树上安歇是很自然的。Itisnecessarythat_.有必要立即派他去北京。,三、Itsnecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+thatClause从句中的动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形,he(should)sayso,he(should)thinkso,abird(should)restintrees,hebesenttoBeijingrightaway,四.wish引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,过去时（were）,had+过去分词,would/could/might+动词原形,Hewishedhe_insuchaffairs.(involve)IwishI_abird.(be),hadneverbeeninvolved,were,以asif、asthough（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式状语从，如果表示真实情况应该用直陈语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气,其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。如：Thelittleboyknowssomanythingsasifhewasaman.Heactedasusualasthoughnothinghadhappened.Theboyacted_hehadneverlivedinCanadabefore.A.asthoughB.evenifC.asD.since,五、asif，asthough引导的从句,Iwouldratheryoucouldteachmeagain.Iwouldratheryouhadnttoldhimthenews.Iwouldrather_.我宁愿他们明天来。Themanagerwouldratherthathissecretary_.经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。,六、wouldrather后的宾语从句,wouldratherthat,与现在事实相反过去时与过去事实相反过去完成时与将来事实相反过去时,theycametomorrow,wenttothemeetinginsteadofhim,七、由ifonly（要是，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态,IfonlyIhadpassedthetest！Ifonlyitstoppedraining！比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示“只有”；ifonly则表示“如果就好了”。Iwakeup_thealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。_thealarmclockhadrung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。,onlyif,Ifonly,Itis(high)timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.Itishightimethat_.该是我们吃午饭的时候了。Itistimethat_.该是他作出决定的时候了。,八、Itis(high)timethat,wehadourlunch,hemadeuphismind,Multiplechoices,1.Itwasurgentthathe_herimmediately.A.callsB.calledC.callD.wouldcall2.Itshightimethatsomething_toprohibitsellingfakecommodities.mustbedoneB.wasdoneC.bedoneD.weredone3.Therewasatrafficjam;otherwiseI_hereontimeA.wouldbeB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldhavebeen4.Ididntgototheparty,butIdowishI_there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went,5.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents_twoweekstopreparefortheexam.A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegiven6.Itisstrangethatsuchathing_inyourschool.A.willhappenB.happensC.shouldhappen