涂装常见缺陷分析PPT课件

,6/9/2020,2,漆膜缺陷原因分类:,涂料问题(Productproblems)应用不良(Applicationproblems)设备因素(Equipmentproblems)环境因素(EnvironmentCause)颜色问题(Colourproblems),6/9/2020,3,漆膜硬度不够（weak):,描述(DESCRIPTION)表现为漆膜软,很容易被划伤；相应的耐溶剂性能表现差。,6/9/2020,4,原因（cause)：,通常是漆膜树酯交链不够好，而交链不够的主要因素有：树酯分子选择不合适；未完全干燥；高温漆或双组份漆烘烤温度不够；双组份漆固化剂配比不对。,6/9/2020,5,起泡（blowing)：,6/9/2020,6,起泡的原因(cause)：,通常是基底有锈迹(擴大）、污垢、小凹孔、磷化渣质、水汽等被封在漆膜底下，漆膜在烤干或受热（受熱膨脹）时，这些物质彭涨将漆膜顶起造成。,6/9/2020,7,起泡的原因：,底下有Money!,6/9/2020,8,溶剂泡（SolventPopping）,描述（DESCRIPTION）新喷漆膜表面有直径小于1MM的小气泡。Opentoppedblistersupto1mmindiameteronthesurfaceofthemostrecentlyappliedpaintfilm.,6/9/2020,9,溶剂泡（SolventPopping）,起因（CAUSE）Airorsolventvapourtrappedbyfastdryingpaintformingaskin.Thismaybedueto:a)天那水太差或太快干。poorqualityortoofastthinner.b)喷得太厚或两层漆之间干燥时间不够。excessivefilmthickness,orinsufficientdryingtimebetweencoats.c)压缩空气压力太低。compressedairpressuretoolow.d)加热太快。dryingtemperaturetoohigh,heatsourcetooclosetothefilm,toohot,orappliedtoosoon.,6/9/2020,10,溶剂泡（SolventPopping）,预防（PREVENTION）a)确保工件表面清洁Ensurethatthesurfaceisscrupulouslyclean.b)使用合适的天那水。Useonlyrecommendedthinner.c)每层漆膜厚度合适，并适当闪干Applypaintinthin,wetfilms.Allowsufficientdryingtimebetweencoats.d)使用正确的喷漆压力Usecorrectcompressedairpressure.e)烘烤前适当流平，避免加热过快，热源过近。Allowsufficientflashofftimebeforeforcedrying,ensurethatthecorrectdryingtemperatureisnotexceeded.Donotallowtheheatsourcetobeplacedtooclosetothesurface.,6/9/2020,11,针孔（Pinholing）,描述（DESCRIPTION）小凹穴，通常直径小于1MM。Smallcavities,generallylessthan1mmindiameter,6/9/2020,12,针孔（Pinholing）,预防（PREVENTION）a)一次不要喷得太厚。Donotspraytoothickonetime,b)烘烤之前适当流平。Flashingthefilmbeforebaking.c)使用涂料厂商推荐的附料。Useonlyrecommendedmaterials.d)正确调配油漆，使用较慢干稀释剂。Mixthepaintcorrectly,useslowdrythinner.E）保持底材干净。)Keepmaterialsclean.,6/9/2020,13,鱼眼/FishEyes(cissing),好可爱噢，真的象鱼眼睛呢！,6/9/2020,14,产生鱼眼的原因(cause)：,放大之后中间有核,通常是*素材被含硅silicon类的物质污染。*素材未很好清洁。*裸手接触工件。*油漆一次喷涂太湿。*油漆体质敏感。,6/9/2020,15,预防(PREVENTION)鱼眼的产生,KeepthepartawayfromsiliconepollutionThoroughlycleanthesurfacewithwaxandgreaseremover.Donotallowcleaningsolventstodryonthesurfacebutremovewithacleandrycloth,Alwaysusetherecommendedmaterials.Ensurethatthesprayingareaisproperlyventilated.,6/9/2020,16,与鱼眼相似的其它缺陷1.水泡(blister),工件表面被溅上水珠。你见过水性漆出现此缺陷吗？,6/9/2020,17,与鱼眼相似的其它缺陷2.油污(oilpollution),工件表面被轻质油污染.,6/9/2020,18,起云/斑纹,(Clouding/Mottling),6/9/2020,19,起云/斑纹,(Clouding/Mottling),起因:常见于银粉漆，主要是银粉排列不一致。主要原因有：十字交叉喷涂；使用太差的稀释剂；或稀释剂加入太少。枪未调好；喷涂手法不正确。5素材厚薄不一（这种情况常叫应力纹）。,6/9/2020,20,应力纹(mapping):,在5220机壳上常出现应力纹的地方,6/9/2020,21,脏点/尘点/异色点(Dirt/threads/Bits),6/9/2020,22,脏点/纤维/异色点（Dirt/threads/Bits）,6/9/2020,23,脏点/纤维/异色点（Dirt/threads/Bits）,此类缺陷目前占有相当大的比例，您知道其主要原因是什么吗？,6/9/2020,24,颗粒(particles)产生原因,素材本身灰尘未被去除；油漆未过滤，或滤网太粗或太脏；喷房、流平间、烤房等环境被污染；调漆间脏污，油漆未盖好；调漆罐、供漆管路、喷枪清洗不够。压缩空气未过滤，或滤网太脏。,6/9/2020,25,纤维或毛丝：,主要来自衣服纤维，人员走动太多，未穿防尘衣。也有来自劣质空气过滤网。,6/9/2020,26,当这类缺陷很多时，怎么办？,WhatcanIdo?,6/9/2020,27,建议,当这类缺陷很多时，建议将缺陷样品抽取30-50片进行详细分类（有必要的话，使用放大镜观察缺陷形状、颜色等），然后分析原因改善检察改善效果制定SOP贯彻执行SOP。,6/9/2020,28,干喷/异常光泽低（Dryspray/lossofgloss),描述（DESCRIPTION）虽然漆膜表面光滑,但漆膜表面光泽异常偏低.Althoughapparentlysmoothandevenlyapplied,thesurfacelacksshine.,6/9/2020,29,起因(CAUSE)Microscopicroughnessofthesurfacewhichmayresultfrom:a)底漆太差或底漆未干就喷面漆.poorholdoutofprimer,ortheapplicationoftopcoatoverprimerwhichisnotthoroughlydry.b)稀释剂太差或加了不合适的添加剂.poorqualityorincorrectthinner,ortheuseofadditivesinthepaint.c)素材前处理不当或喷漆手法不对.incorrectlypreparedorpoorlyappliedpaint.d)素材质量太差applicationoverapoorsubstrate.e)高湿低温时漆膜干燥太慢.excessivelyslowdryingduetohighhumidityorlowtemperature.f)溶剂蒸气在漆膜表面冷凝.solventfumesorexhaustgasesattackingthesurface.g)表面被污染.surfacecontaminationbywax,grease,oil,soaporwater.,6/9/2020,30,预防（PREVENTION）a)选择正确种类和比例的稀释剂Usethecorrectproportionofrecommendedthinner.b)正确的喷漆手法:枪距,扇形,气压Usecorrectsprayingtechniques,ensurethatequipmentisclean,setairpressureaslowaspossible,consistentwithproperatomisation,sprayfromthecorrectdistance.c)使用合适的喷房,确保喷房有良好的空气流通.Useaspraybooth,andensurethataircirculationandextractionisatthecorrectvelocity.,6/9/2020,31,漆膜太薄InadequateColourCoverage,描述（DESCRIPTION）漆膜过薄可见底材,通常出现在比较难喷涂的底侧面等地方.Underlyingsurfacesvisiblethroughthepaintfilm,mostfrequentlyinhardtosprayareas,onlowerpanelsoronsharpedgesandcontours.,6/9/2020,32,预防（PREVENTION）a)使用合适的喷涂方法确保合适的漆膜厚度.Usethecorrectsprayingtechnique,ensureevenandadequatefilmthickness.b)使用合适的治具,合适的灯光照明;特别注意难喷涂表面.Workundergoodlightingconditionsinaproperlysizedspraybooth,payspecialattentiontoinaccessibleareas.c)确保漆料混合均匀.Ensurethatthematerialsarethoroughlymixed.,6/9/2020,33,橘皮（OrangePeel）,描述（DESCRIPTION）漆膜表面不平整如同桔子皮表面.Pebbled,unevensurfaceofthepaintfilm,similarinappearancetoorangeskin.,6/9/2020,34,橘皮（OrangePeel）,起因(CAUSE)喷漆手法太差,枪距,空气压力、出漆量调节不合适。漆膜不要喷得太厚或太薄。c)油漆品质太差、粘度调整不合适、混合不均匀。两层漆之间干燥不够。Insufficientdryingtimebetweencoats.e)工件表面温度不正常。Incorrectambientorsurfacetemperature,draughts.,6/9/2020,35,橘皮（OrangePeel）,预防（PREVENTION）a)使用正确的喷漆手法、正确调节喷枪。Usethecorrectsprayingtechniqueandensurethatequipmentiscorrectlyadjustedb)均匀喷漆。c)使用合适的天那水，并调节到合适的粘度。Ensurethatthepaintiscorrectlymixed,useonlyrecommendedthinnerwiththecorrectgraded)两层漆之间充分干燥。Allowsufficientdryingtimebetweencoatse)在合适的温度范围内和良好的空气流通条件下喷漆。Spraywithinthere-commendedtemperaturerangeandensureproperventilation,6/9/2020,36,流挂（Runs/Sags）,描述(DESCRIPTION)通常在垂直面等处，出现漆膜局部过厚造成大波纹、乳头现象。Welldefinedlocalthickeningofthepaintfilmintheformofawavylineorshallow,roundedridges,normallyconfinedtosharplyslopingorverticalsurfaces.,6/9/2020,37,流挂（Runs/Sags）,起因（CAUSE）Slumpingofthepaintfilmdueto:a)喷得过厚，空气压力太低，扇形太窄，枪距太近，运枪太慢。Excessthicknessofapplication,airpressuretoolow,fanwidthtoonarrow,sprayguntooclosetothesurfaceormovingtooslowly.b)使用太差的天那水。Useofpoorqualityorincorrectthinner.c)粘度调整不正确。Incorrectviscosityofthepaint.d)素材表面或气温太低。Airorsurfacetemperaturetoolow.e)表面脏污。Contam