初中英语语法之---一般现在时ppt课件

一般现在时,TheSimplePresentTense,getup,gotobed,gotosleep,havebreakfast,havelunch,havedinner,havesupper,gotoschool,gohome,startwork,startlessons,finishschool,playfootball,washhands,dohomework,watchTV,1.我在早上七点半起床.2.我们在3：30回家。3.他们在学校吃午饭。4.我十二岁。,Igetupathalfpastseven.Wegohomeathalfpastthree.Theyhavelunchatschool.Imtwelve.,一般现在时,一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力，及普遍真理和自然规律。,一、概念,1.一般现在时表示现在的状态1）Imtwelve.(我十二岁）2)Ihavethreebaseballs.（我有三个棒球）2）Imintheclassroom（我在教室里）3）Jackisfromchina.（杰克来自中国）4）Whereismybag?（我的包在哪儿）5）Iamastudent.(我是一名学生）,二、基本用法,2.一般现在时表示经常性和习惯性的动作。1）Sheusuallygetsupatsixoclock.(她通常在六点钟起床）2）HereadsEnglisheverymorning.他每天早晨读英语。,一般现在时的时间标志词：often经常，usually通常，always总是，sometimes有时，never从不，everyday每天，onweekends在周末等selodm很少不常every+时间（everyyear）3）Lucynevertakesashower.(露西从不洗澡）4）Wesometimesplaybasketballafterschool.(我们有时在放学后打篮球）5）Ialwaysdomyhomeworkonweekends(我总是在周末做作业）,3.一般现在时表示主语具备的性格和能力。1）ShelikesEnglish.(她喜欢英语）2）Ilikeplayingbasketballball,butdontlikeplayingbaseball.(我喜欢打篮球，但是我不喜欢打棒球）3）HecanspeakChinese.(他能够说英语）4）Shesingswell.(她唱歌很好听。）,4.普遍真理和自然规律：1）Twoandfourissix.二加四等于六。2）Themoongoesaroundtheearth.月亮绕着地球转。3）Tenminustwoiseight.十减二等于八。4）Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光的速度比声音的速度快。,.,5、在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，遵从主将从现。例如：Illtellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails.如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。,.,6、表示格言或警句。例如：Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。,主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。一般现在时动词变化的规则是：当主语为非第三人称单数，谓语动词用原型。当主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。e.g.1.Weoftengetupearlyinthemorning.2.Myfatheroftengetsupearlyinthemorning.,一般现在时表达方法,用一句话概括：“非你、非我、非复数”如he,she,it,myfather,mymother,mysister,ourEnglishteacher,Tom,Mike,LiuJia,China,mybook,etc.,（一）第三人称单数,sheheit;单个人名、地名；单数可数名词或者this/that/the+单数可数名词；不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something,anything;不可数名词；数字和字母,1、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：work-live-play-sing-eg:She_(live)inNingbo.她住在宁波。,动词第三人称单数变化的规则与可数名词复数变化的规则相同。,（二）动词三单变化规律,lives,workslivesplayssings,2.以,-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加-es。读作/iz/如：eg:Mymother_(wash)thecoat.我母亲洗了大衣。,washes,teach-wash-miss-pass-mix-fix-push-wish-,teacheswashesmissespassesmixesfixespusheswishes,3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。注意一定是辅音字母加y才变，若是元音字母加y，则直接加-s。如：flytryfrycopybuyenjoyplaysaypay,fliestriesfriescopiesbuysenjoysplayssayspays,4.以辅音字母+o结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加es,读作z,godo,goes,does,5.特殊情况：,havebe(am,are),hasis,1.be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)e.g.He_aworker.You_thirteen.They_intheclassroom.否定句：主语+be+not+表语.e.g.He_(notbe)aworker.You_(notbe)thirteen.They_(notbe)intheclassroom.,三、句式结构,is,are,are,arent,arent,isnt,一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?e.g._heaworker?Yes,he_./No,he_._youthirteen?_theyintheclassroom?Yes,they_.No,they_.特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?e.g.What_he?Whatcolour_thatbird?Howold_you?Where_they?,Is,Are,Are,are,arent,is,isnt,is,is,are,are,小结：be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)否定句：主语+be+not+表语.一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?,2.实义动词的一般现在时句式：肯定句:主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他.1)I_(stay)athomeonSaturdays.2)They_(have)sportseveryday.3)Myparents_(give)metenyuaneveryweek.主语（三单）+v.-s/v.-es+其他.He_(stay)athomeonSaturdays.Lucy_(have)sportseveryday.,stay,have,give,stays,has,否定句：主语(非三单)+dont+v.原形+其他4)I_(notstay)athomeonSaturdays.5)They_(not)havesportseveryday.6)Myparents_(not)givetenyuantomeeveryweek.主语(三单)+doesnt+v.原形+其他He_(notstay)athomeonSaturdays.Lucy_(nothave)sportseveryday.,donot,does+not,dontstay,donthave,dontgive,doesntstay,doesnthave,一般疑问句：Do+主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+do.否定回答：No,主语+dont.1)_you_(stay)athomeonSaturdays?2)_they_(have)sportseveryday?Does+主语(三单)+v.原形+其他？_he_(stay)athomeonSaturdays?_Lucy_(have)sportseveryday?,Do,stay,Do,have,Does,Does,stay,have,特殊疑问句：疑问词+do/does+主语+v.原形+其他？e.g.What_you_(want)?What_she_(want)?Whattime_you_(have)lunch?Whattime_she_(have)lunch?What_you_(do)?What_she_(do)?How_you_(spell)it?How_he_(spell)it?,do,do,do,do,want,have,have,want,do,do,spell,does,does,does,does,spell,小结：(1).如果主语是I/We/You/They及名词复数，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：肯定句：主语+动词原形+其他否定句：主语+dont+动词原形+其他一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答:Yes，主语+do.否定回答:No，主语+dont.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?,(2).主语是第三人称单数，肯定句:主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句:主语+doesnt+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答:Yes，主语+does否定回答:No，主语+doesnt特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?,.,1.写出下列动词的三单形式go_catch_brush_wash_do_like_have_watch_drink_fly_say_learn_eat_read_sing_buy_study_stay_make_look_pass_carry_come_plant(种植)_teach_buy_,练习巩固,.,2.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Weoften_(play)intheplayground.2.He_(get)upatsixoclock.3._you_(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What_(do)heusually_(do)afterschool?5.Danny_(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.,.,6.Mikesometimes_(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.Ateightatnight,sheoften_(watch)TVwithhisparents.8._Mike_(read)Englisheveryday?9.Howmanylessons_yourclassmate_(have)onMonday?10.Whattime_hismother_(do)thehousework?,.,3.选择题1.I_toschoolat7:00inthemorning.A.goB.goingC.goes2.They_bookseverydayinthelibrary.A.readsB.readC.reading3.Themonkey_eatingbananasverymuch.A.likeB.likesC.liking,.,4.Myfather_toreadnewspaperaftersuppereveryday.A.likeB.likesC.liking5.IlikewatchingTV,butmymother_likeit.A.dontB.doesntC.does6._yourfatherdrinkmilkeveryday?A.DoB.AreC.Does,.,7.Wewillgoshoppingifit_tomorrow.A.dontrainB.didntrainC.doesntrainD.isntrain8.Hesaidthesun_intheeastand_inthewest.Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets,.,9.WangMei_musicandoften_tomusic.Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listen10.Jenny_Englisheveryevening.AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudied,.,4.改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?_2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?_3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass._4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish._5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundays._,.,5.把下列句子变成一般疑问句（并作肯定和否定