初中英语被动语态归纳

被动语态,Passive voice,被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,be + Vp.p(动词的过去分词）1)be 动词可以随时态人称的变化而变化am/ is / are + V(过去分词）was/ were+ V(过去分词）will be + V(过去分词）情态动词+ be + V (过去分词）,1.规则动词的过去分词：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母， 先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不规则动词的过去分词：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,He plants trees in spring.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Trees,are planted,by,him,改为被动语态,in spring.,主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,His brother washes bowls every day.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,1.They make shoes in that factory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,变为被动语态,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词,4.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：S+ will+be+过去分词,5.Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,6We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词,7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+过去分词,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,1.用来表示“使.,让”的使役动词make, let, have在主动语态中用do, 在被动语态中要加上toI made my brother cry2. 感官动词hear, sound, smell, taste, see等在主动语态中用do, 在被动语态中要加上toI saw Mary cross the street.,各种时态的被动语态构成 1）一般现在时：You are invited to do this.2）一般过去时：The story was told by her.3）一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.,看一看 想一想,4)情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：一般过去时：情态动词：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在完成时：过去进行时：,S+am/is /are +P.PS+was/were +P.P.S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P.S+ will+be+ P.P.S+ am/is/are + being + P.P.S+ have/has + been+ P.P.S+ was/were+being+ P.P.,何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。,1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,Must be finished,9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students study German in this school.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?,is studied,Is,talked,by them,1)Teenagers should _ (allow) to go out at night.2)The telephone _ (invent) by Bell.3) English _ (speak) in China.4) The car _ (make) in China.5) The room must _ (clean) every day.,be allowed,was invented,is spoken,is made,be cleaned,( ) The flowers _ every day,or theyll die.A must water B can be wateredC should water D must be watered( ) Many computers will _ to our school.A be bring B be brought