现在完成时态的动词转换

延续性动词与延续性动词与非延续性动词 非延续性动词 瞬间动词瞬间动词 的的区别区别 在英语中 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作 如 study work keep read sing live teach 等 它往往表示经 验或经历 非延续性动词也称短暂性动词 终止性动词或瞬间动词 表示不能延续的动作 改动作发生后立即结束 如 die come leave close open begin leave borrow lend start marry 等 它往往表示行为的结果 二者的区别如下 1 1 延续性动词可以与 时间段 for 时间段 since 时间点 从句 连用 而非延续性动词不能与 时间段 连用但可以和 时间点 连用 2 2 句中有 时间段 或 since 时应用延续性动词代替非延续性 动词 3 3 二者均可用句型 It is has been 时间段 since 从句 使用一般过去时态 替代 如果 since 从句的谓语动词是瞬间性动词 表示肯定意义 如 果 since 从句的谓语动词是延续性动词 则表示否定意义 1 It is has been ten years since he left Beijing 自从他离开北京已经十年了 分析 since 从句中的 left 是 leave 的过去式 是瞬间性动词 表示肯定的意思 left 译为 离开 2 It is has been ten years since he was a doctor 他不当医生已经十年了 t is three years since I smoked 我已经戒烟三年了 It is three years since I stopped smoking 我已经戒烟三年了 It is ten years since we left 自从我们离开已经有十年了 4 用于 till 和 until 从句的差异 1 延续动词用于肯定句 表示 做 直到 2 瞬间动词用于否定句 表示 到 才 eg 1 He didn t come back until ten o clock 他到 10 点 才回来 2 He slept until ten o clock 他一直睡到 10 点 注意 1 非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语 并可 以与 for since 引导的时间状语连用 表示动作的延续过程 eg He hasn t borrowed any books for half a year 2 在现在完成时的肯定句中 非延续性动词作谓语时不能与 for since 引导的表示一段时间的状语连用 但可以用其他句式来 表示同一个意思 例如 He has been away from Beijing for two years He left Beijing two years ago It is two years since he left Beijing Two years has passed since he left Beijing 三 瞬间动词到延续性动词的转换 buyhave borrowkeep have begin startbe on finishbe over diebe bead come go reach arrivebe become be put onbe wear go out be out joinbe in be a member of join the armybe in the army be a soldier open be open adj 形容词 close be closed fall asleepbe asleep go to school be a student catch a cold have a cold marry be married 1 他离开这儿已经六天了 He has been away from here for 6 days since 6 days ago 2 他父亲死了 3 年了 His father has been dead for 3 years since 3 years ago It s 3years since his father died His father died 3 years ago 同学们在使用这两类动词作谓语动词时 常会出现错误 例如 误 Tom has bought the book for a week 正 Tom has had the book for a