2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习 讲解大全阅读理解推断题

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语二轮专题总复习讲解大全阅读理解推断题届高考英语二轮专题总复习讲解大全阅读理解推断题 此类题目 要求学生在通篇理解文章的基础上 依据文章提供的事实 将各种信息加以分析 从而得出正确的结论 切不可站在自己的立场上凭空臆断 精品例题 1 In July 1994 Jupiter the largest planet in our solar system was struck by 21 pieces of comet 彗星 When the fragments 碎片 landed in the southern part of the giant planet the explosions were watched by scientists here on earth But what if our own planet was hit by a comet The year is 2094 It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth Most of it will miss our planet but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the Earth The news has caused panic On 17 July a fragment four kilometers wide enters the Earth s atmosphere with a huge explosion About half of the fragment is destroyed But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound The sea boils and an enormous wave is created and spreads The wall of water rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometres an hour Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia Millions of people are already dead in the southern part of the Earth but the north won t escape for long Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust temperatures around the world fall to almost zero Crops are ruined Wars break out as countries fight for food A year later civilization has collapsed No more than 10 million people have survived Could it really happen In fact it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth The dinosaurs 恐龙 were on the Earth for over 160 million years Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment The dinosaurs couldn t survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct Will we meet the same end Question 1 It can be concluded that the passage is most probably part of an A horror story B news report C research paper D article of popular science 2 The tower of Big Ben London s most famous building has always leaned 倾斜 slightly but construction work on a new line for the London Underground seemed likely to give the tower a real lean Engineers have had to prop up 支撑 its base to prevent it from damaging the rest of the Houses of Parliament To control the tower s movement engineers pumped grout 水泥浆 into the soil under the tower The tower now leans an extra few centimetres but the lean can only be seen by the most sharp eyed observer Between 1995 and 1997 to lengthen the Jubilee line of the Underground builders dug a 40 metre deep hole just 31 metres north of the clock tower And the new 用心 爱心 专心 2 tube underground tunnels were even nearer to the tower John Burland who recently helped stop the increasing lean in the Leaning Tower of Pisa and was an adviser to the Jubilee line project believed the work would affect the tower In his opinion no further lean should go beyond a safety limit of 27 5 millimetres over the existing lean of 220 millimetres To keep the lean within this limit Burland told the British Association about the new method of pumping grout immediately under the base of the tower More than 300 tons of grout were pumped in during construction The tower s additional lean went between 10 and 25 millimetres but never passed 27 5 millimetres After the construction work was completed in late 1997 a review of movements in nearby walls showed that the building was in better shape than had been thought before and the safety limit was raised to 35 millimetres before any action needs to be taken Since 1997 the tower has continued to lean Burland told Modern Construction The latest measurements taken this year suggest that the tower s lean had just reached 35 millimetres But following regular re examinations of the tower experts are sure that the tower has stabilised 稳定 A spokesman for London Underground says We understand the tower has stabilised and returned to its normal movement cycle From Modern Construction 16 September 2000 Question 2 We can infer from the article that A the tower of Big Ben with damage the Houses of Parliament B the Jubilee line should be stopped in Burland s opinion C the writer is blaming Burland for making a mistake D the propping up work has proved to be successful 3 The use of the word imitation 模仿 reminds me that we ought to make some more comments on the risk of people imitating what they see on the screen in the way of crime 犯罪 or violence First there was always a risk of children acting out scenes which could be dangerous For example I remember a woman who was head of a middle school telling me that she had happened to look out of her window when the children were in the playground and had seen them putting a small boy on a chair with a rope round his neck and the rope over the branch of a tree fortunately she was in time to get there before the child was hung I remember a film in particular in which the hero who was imprisoned had escaped by electrocuting 通电触死 his guard the technique of doing this being shown in detail This was the kind of scene which we could cut for these reasons In films for young people and adults we always tried to keep off the screen any details of criminal techniques such as how to open a locked door with a piece of hard plastic or how to open a safe if we were consulted 请教 before production I used to advise that the details should not be shown When I gave talks in prisons about film checking I had full support for this since fathers who were in prison for criminal offences did not want their children to get on crime Every time I gave a talk in a prison someone used to mention the French film 用心 爱心 专心 3 Rififi made by Jules Dassin in 1954 This remarkable film showed in great detail a robbery of a jeweller s shop the robbery lasting about half an hour and being backed only by natural sound one of the most brilliant film sequences 连续镜头 of all time I remember our discussions at the time We thought that the robbery was finished only with the use of advanced and obviously expensive equipment and that only the most experienced and skilled criminals could possible imitate it we believed therefore that it was relatively safe When talking in prisons some years later I learned that there had been several robberies in which the techniques had been copied so perhaps we were wrong Question 3 It can be inferred from the passage that A it is hard for the children to tell the differences between real life and the imaginary B only the people in prison supported film checking C only children imitated what they had seen on the screen D the writer used to advise the details of crime should be shown 4 The next time you try for a high ranking post you could let your possible boss listen to a recommending 推荐 phone call made by US President George W Bush or British Prime Minister Tony Blair Of course neither of them could really do that for you you would just borrow their voices At they never looked at them directly The old people may as well have been invisible they offended 用心 爱心 专心 7 冒犯 the aesthetic 审美的 eye of the mothers My early experiences were somewhat different since I grew up in a small town my childhood had more of a nineteenth century flavor 特点 I knew a lot of old people and considered some of their friends 1 It can be inferred that young mothers would try to keep their children away from the old because A they feared their children might hurt the old B they didn t like their children to take up the space belonging to the old C they felt it was wrong to play balls near where the old stayed D they didn t want their children to have anything to do with the old B In spite of the strong opposition to new and stricter environmental laws however it is still possible to attack the problem of chemical pollution but we must attack it from three directions First we need more independent research into the effects of chemicals by scientists who are not paid by the government or by the large industrial companies Second scientists need to educate the general public and inform them about the dangers of chemicals in the environment If the public knows that a certain chemical threatens the health of their childen then they will put pressure on politicians in local and national governments If the politicians want to remain in office they will take action to correct the situation Third economists need to educate governments about the long term economic costs of chemicals It will be extremely expensive to clean areas of land which are polluted by chemicals it will be even more costly to give medical treatment to people who are suffering from serious illnesses after exposure to dangerous chemicals If governments realize this the short term economic benefits of chemicals will seem much less attractive to them If we can put pressure on governments in these three ways perhaps they will begin to behave more responsibly 有责任心地 and they will perhaps pass new laws against pollution and enforce them strictly Perhaps then the chemical producers will begin to behave more responsibly 2 Which of the following can be inferred from this passage A The economy is more important to government than people s health is B Governments think chemicals brings them more economic benefits than economic cost C The public knows enough about the dangers of chemical pollution D The governments fully realize the long term economic costs of chemical pollution C Vincent Van Gogh was an important painter of the 19th century He was born in Holland but he lived much of his life in France He was a very emotional man and there was much suffering in his life His style of painting was very different from classical art He painted pictures of the sunny hot regions of France He looked for interesting shapes and exciting 用心 爱心 专心 8 colors He liked to work freely and quickly There is fast movement in many of his paintings Sometimes the trees look like fire The sun moon and stars move rapidly in the sky He also painted pictures of people Paul Gauguin was another 19th century painter He was French and a friend of Van Gogh Before he became an artist Gauguin had been a businessman for many years He made a lot of money and he liked to buy modern paintings At the age of 35 Gauguin decided to become a painter himself Money had become too important to many people Gauguin wanted to discover more important things about man He went to a different Part of France to live with the farmers He painted pictures of French country people there Two years later he went to live in a small place in the Pacific Ocean thousands of miles from France He wanted to learn about the simple life there His most famous and interesting paintings were painted at that time 3 What can you infer from the article A The classical art is much too dull and lifeless B Both of the two artists learned a lot from the classical art C Both of the two artists had a very hard life especially suffered from poverty 穷困 D The classical art has been the aim of the two artists D In many countries today laws protect wildlife In India the need for such protection was realized centuries ago About 300 BC an Indian writer described forests that were somewhat like national parks today The killing of game beasts was carefully supervised Some animals were fully protected Within the forest nobody was allowed to cut trees burn wood for charcoal or trap animals for their furs Animals that became dangerous to human visitors were trapped or killed outside the park so that other animals would not become uneasy The need for wildlife protection is greater now than ever before About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction and the rate at which they are being destroyed has increased With mammals for instance the rate of extinction is now about one species every year from AD 1 to 1800 the rate was about one species every fifty years Everywhere men are trying to solve the problem for preserving wildlife while caring for the world s growing population 4 Which of the following statements is implied but not stated A The growth of the world s population has meant greater danger to wildlife B About a thousand species of animals are in danger of dying out C The rate of extinction of mammals is lower now than it was from AD 1 to 1800 D Hunters who kill endangered species are severely punished by law E After entering the WTO China will enjoy the most favored nation status as a member country This will enable China s products to enter foreign markets at a lower tax After joining the WTO China has to carry out the WTO s rules and open its home markets this will help further improve the investment 投资 environment 用心 爱心 专心 9 and strengthen the appeal 吸引力 of Chinese markets to foreign investment It is conducive 有利的 to speeding the readjustment of our industrial structure And it helps continue deepening China s economic restructuring 改进 It helps China to take part in the formulation of new rules of international trade protecting China s rights and interests and raising China s international status Of course in joining the WTO China will have to take up some duties this will surely bring certain pressure and challenge to us Firstly further opening the market will cause some domestic products enterprises and industries to face stronger competition Secondly China s foreign economic and trade management will to a certain extent be restricted by the WTO rules In looking at the advantages and disadvantages of China s joining the WTO we cannot base ourselves on one or several industries instead we should keep an eye on the development of the entire economy Looking upon the matter from the entire industry entry into the WTO will bring to China s industries greater opportunities than its side effects Most Chinese industries will gain more opportunities for development To ordinary people entry into the WTO means cheaper foreign goods At present some imported goods are very expensive because our country collects very nigh taxes on them After entry into the WTO these taxes will be cut down gradually so that it will force down the prices of imported goods coming into China Home customers will benefit greatly But it is not wise to hope that all foreign goods will become cheap overnight In fact according to the WTO agreement there is a period of time during which some important but underdeveloped industries are protected so that they will not be destroyed by the rush of cheaper foreign goods The car industry is a good example It is believed that during the first few years after China s entry into the WTO the prices of cars will remain comparatively stable 稳定 5 It is implied but not said directly that after joining the WTO A some industries will not develop because of strong competition B China s foreign trade will be restricted by the WTO rules C China s car industry will develop fast D ordinary people can buy cheaper goods F We welcome you aboard the Finnair Flight and will do our best to make your trip comfortable and enjoyable For your safety and convenience To begin the trip we would like to draw your attention to some safety related details These are also explained on the instruction card in the seat pocket in front of you Seat belts must remain fastened while the Fasten seatbelts sign is on It is advisable to keep them fastened at all times while seated All flights are non smoking The use of mobile telephones is now allowed when the airplane is on the ground and the fasten seatbelts sign is turned off During 用心 爱心 专心 10 the flight the use of CD and DVD players is now allowed For your entertainment To help you enjoy your trip we provide a range of newspapers on international flights On our MD 11 and Boeing aircraft we are also pleased to provide music and video programs On Airbus A321 320 319 aircraft route maps and short videos are shown Details of entertainment programs available on MD 11 aircraft are shown on the separate On the Air brochure located in your seat pocket For your children Special reading material is provided for children and no longer flights there are also audio and video programs for them On long distance flights first time flyers between the ages of 2 and 15 can join our Finnair Junior Plus Club Meals and drinks During most flights we serve you a tasty meal with drinks to accompany it Beer wine and other drinks are served free of charge Coffee tea and juice are served free of charge on all domestic flights of over 35 minutes On domestic flights leaving before nine and on all flights to northern Finland a snack is served We value your opinion In this magazine you ll find a special form for your comments about our service Kindly return the form to our crew or any Finnair office It will be forwarded directly to the appropriate department You can also fax it 358 089819 7729or send your comments by e mail to feedback Our crew is pleased to answer your questions during the flight whenever possible 6 You may find this passage in A a newspaperB a book C a magazine D an official document G Looking back on my childhood I realize that naturalists are born and not made Although we were all brought up in the same way my brothers and sisters soon gave up their pressed flowers and insects Unlike them I had no ear for music and languages I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic Before World War we spent our summer holidays in Hungary I have only the unclear memory of the house we lived in of my room and my toys Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents aunts uncles and cousins who gathered next door But I do have a clear memory of the dogs the farm animals the local birds and above all the insects I am a naturalist not a scientist I have a strong love of the natural world and my eagerness has led me into varied studies or research I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other