安徽省芜湖市2018-2019学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）

1 安徽省芜湖市安徽省芜湖市 2018 20192018 2019 学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题 含解析 学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题 含解析 第一部分第一部分 听力 共两节 满分听力 共两节 满分 1515 分 分 第一节 共第一节 共 5 5 小题 每小题小题 每小题 1 1 分 满分分 满分 5 5 分 分 听下面听下面 5 5 段对话 每段对话后有一个小题 从题中所给的段对话 每段对话后有一个小题 从题中所给的 a a b b c c 三个选项中选出最佳选项 三个选项中选出最佳选项 并标在试卷相应位置 听完每段对话 你都有并标在试卷相应位置 听完每段对话 你都有 1010 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小 题 每段对话仅读一遍 题 每段对话仅读一遍 1 why does the boy have to stay home every night a because he wants to relax himself b because he got home very late one night c because he has lots of homework to do 2 whom is the birthday present in the box from a it s from tom b it s from tom s mother c it s from tom s grandparents 3 why will the man go to hong kong a on business b for pleasure c to go home 4 where are the man and the woman now a in the subway b in the downtown area c on the main highway 5 how long can the man keep the books a for fourteen days b for ten days c for two days 第二节 共第二节 共 1010 小题 每小题小题 每小题 1 1 分 满分分 满分 1010 分 分 听下面听下面 3 3 段对话或独白 每段对话或独白后有几个小题从题中所给的段对话或独白 每段对话或独白后有几个小题从题中所给的 a a b b c c 三个选项中选三个选项中选 出最佳选项 并标在试卷的相应位置 听每段对话或独白前 你将有时间阅读各个小题 每出最佳选项 并标在试卷的相应位置 听每段对话或独白前 你将有时间阅读各个小题 每 小题小题 5 5 秒钟 听完后 各小题将给出秒钟 听完后 各小题将给出 5 5 秒钟的作答时间 每段对话或独白读两遍 秒钟的作答时间 每段对话或独白读两遍 听第听第 6 6 段材料 回答第段材料 回答第 6 6 至至 8 8 题 题 6 what are the speakers mainly talking about a language learning b the mans study plan c the woman s summer vacation 2 7 what does the man suggest the woman do a learn about thai culture b take thai classes at the university c borrow a phrase book from the library 8 what is the probable relationship between the speakers a classmates b neighbors c colleagues 9 where does the man want to go a to a lecture b to a concert c to a movie 10 what is the problem with taking the shuttle bus a the bus doesn t go directly to the music building b the bus goes slowly to the music building c the bus will not come for a while 11 what does the man finally decide to do a walk b wait for the bus c think of another plan 12 why do people smoke according to the text a to have a rest b to finish work quickly c to reduce the pressure 13 what does the speaker think of smoking a foolish b upset c sorry 14 what is the most serious illness caused by smoking a cough b heart disease c lung cancer 15 how many disadvantages does smoking cause according to the text a two b three c four 第二部分第二部分 阅读理解 共两节 满分阅读理解 共两节 满分 3030 分 分 第一节 共第一节 共 1010 小题 每小题小题 每小题 2 2 分 满分分 满分 2020 分 分 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项 a a b b c c 和和 d d 中 选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上 中 选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑 将该项涂黑 a a when you re looking forward to taking a holiday in egypt you re certainly 3 not short of choices the country has so many to see that you ll probably not want to limit yourself to just one city hurghada a water sports paradise with 250 hotels ranking from comfortable 3 star hotels up to 5 star accommodation the main attraction of staying here is the activities in and on the warm waters it has become an intemational centre for water sports allowing visitors to take part in surfing sailing and deep sea fishing the waters are also home to a huge variety of coral and fish making it a dream spot for diving if all that isn t enough hurghada is home to some of the world s finest underwater gardens luxor an open air museum of ancient history for those with an interest in egyptian history luxor is an excellent place to stay and is built upon the site of the ancient egyptian city of thebes if you make this the base for your egypt holiday you re basically staying in an open air museum the modern city of luxor has the ruins of karnak across the nile lie many more monuments temples and tombs including the valley of the kings and the queens the nile sailing is necessary for those with an interest in the country s ancient history cairo the capital city finally of course there s cairo it s definitely a starting point for most of egypt holidaymakers cairo offers an excellent mix of culture art cooking and sightseeing chances with the famous pyramids various temples and some fascinating museums cairo is a fantastic choice if you can come to the city 1 visitors flood to hurghada mainly because it can offer them a an open air museumb choices of water activities c a brief history of egyptd the mix of culture and art 2 which of the following cities do most tourists visit first in egypt a cairob luxor c thebes d hurghada 4 3 this passage is most probably taken from a a historical documentb a science magazine c a travel guided a book review 答案 1 b 2 a 3 c 解析 这是一篇应用文 文章向读者介绍了去埃及旅游时可以参观的三个城市 1 题详解 细节理解题 由题干中的关键词 hurghada 可以将答案锁定在第一个小标题下 由第一句 介绍中的 the main attraction of staying here is the activities in and on the warm waters 可知 游客喜欢呆在 hurghada 的最主要的原因是这儿有很多在温暖的水上以 及水中举行的活动 也就是说它提供很多种与水有关的活动供游客选择 故选 b 2 题详解 细节理解题 文章最后一段是对埃及首都 cairo 开罗 的介绍 由其中的 it s definitely a starting point for most of egypt holidaymakers 可知 毫无疑问 它 是去埃及旅游的大多数人开始旅游的地方 也就是说很多来埃及旅游的人 先会参观开罗 故选 a 3 题详解 推理判断题 文章向读者介绍了去埃及旅游时可以参观的三个城市 由其内容可知 这篇文 章应来自于与旅游相关的杂志或网站 a a historical document 历史文献 b a science magazine 科学杂志 c a travel guide 旅游手册 d a book review 书评 只有 选项 c 与旅游相关 故选 c b b have you ever noticed that your fingertips are wrinkled 起皱的 when you ve just finished swimming or washing dishes it seems as if your hands have aged 30 years in a second but is this an accident or is it something that nature has built into our bodies if your finger s wrinkling up had no use at all it wouldn t need to professor tom smulders from newcastle university uk told bbc news by studying wet fingers closely smulders and his partners found that the wrinkles looked a 5 bit like the patterns on the car tire or the bottom of the running shoes so they made a guess that wrinkles on fingers might be able to help the hand hold things more tightly to test this researchers asked 20 people to pick up marbles 大理石 from water with their hands but before they started some of the people had to keep their hands in water for half an hour the researchers found that the people with wrinkled fingers completed the task faster than those with dry hands but when they were asked to move dry marbles all the people performed equally well no matter they had the wrinkled fingers or not researchers said our ancestors might not have played with marbles but wrinkled fingers could have made it easier for them to climb around in the wet forests and catch fish from rivers similarly our toes also get wrinkled in water this may have developed from our ancestors need to run on wet ground but the question is if wrinkled fingers are so helpful why don t our hands just stay that way all the time researchers explained that wrinkling had its disadvantage wet fingertips are far less sensitive than smooth ones reducing our sense of touch 4 what does the underlined word this in the third paragraph refer to a whether fingers have wrinkles after they are put in water b whether wrinkled fingers can hold things more tightly c why keeping things in water makes them wrinkled d why wrinkles help hands hold things more tightly 5 the test shows that a wrinkled hands hold dry things more tightly than dry hands do b dry hands hold dry things more tightly than wrinkled hands do c wrinkled hands hold wet things more tightly than dry hands do d dry hands hold wet things more tightly than wrinkled hands do 6 what might be the disadvantage of wrinkled fingers a they are too sensitive to be touched b they might be more likely to get hurt 6 c they cannot hold things tightly enough d they are not so sensitive as dry fingers 答案 4 b 5 c 6 d 解析 分析 这是一篇说明文 科学家们用实验向我们证明了 在水里浸泡一段时间 我们的手指会皱起 来 有利于更能牢牢的抓住被浸湿的物体 并猜测了这一基因进化的背景 同时也指出了这 一生理现象的不足之处 那就是感觉不太灵敏了 4 题详解 词句猜测题 由于 to test this 来验证它 出现在第三段段首 而 this 是指代前边提 到过的事件或物体 所以我们在第二段段尾找它对应的指代关系 第二段段尾句句意为 因 此他们做了一个猜想 手指起皱可能能帮助我们更紧紧地抓住东西 a guess 与划线单词 this 都是单数形式 从形式和句意上都可以形成指代关系 故选 b 5 题详解 推理判断题 文章第三段讲述科学家们所做的试验 由其中的 the researchers found that 科学家们发现 可知其后的宾语从句说明的是实验结果 由这个宾语从句中 从句部分内容及其后一句内容可知 手指起皱的人能比手指干的人能更能快速地捡起水里的 大理石 而他们捡起干的大理石的速度是一样的 故可推知 手指起皱能帮人们更紧地抓住 湿物体 故选 c 6 题详解 细节理解题 由最后一段中的 researchers explained that wrinkling had its disadvantage wet fingertips are far less sensitive than smooth ones reducing our sense of touch 可知 科学家们解释说 起皱也有缺点 湿的手指没有光滑的手指 敏感 这样会削弱我们的触觉 也就是说起皱的手指不像干手指一样敏感 故选 d 点睛 词句猜测在高考中有三种考查形式 生词猜测词义或熟词生义 猜测一句话的意思 指代关系猜词 代词或者名词 从近三年考查形势看 三种考查方式同等重要 本文中第 一考查的是指代关系猜词 这种题中划线词汇一般都是代词 例如本题中划线单词是 this 解这种题目 首先定位原文 找出题干中要求的指代词 其次依据代词的单复数意义或者其 它隐含含义 向上搜索 找出可替代的离的最近的名词 名词短语 或句子 最后用找到的 词替代划线词汇 看句意是否通顺 例如本题第一题中 首先由 this 可知 替换的可能是 7 不可数名词或者单数名词 由于划线单词位于段首句 我们要现在本句 this 前找有没有单 数名词 如果没有 再从上一段尾句开始找 就可以找到单数名词 a guess 且 test the guess 也是语义通顺的 故选 b c c to bring the olympic spirit to developing nations in the late 1990s the olympic committee allowed a small number of wild card athletes to join the games but because they didn t have to go through any qualifying rounds to compete when they arrived not all of the competitors were prepared one such athlete was a swimmer from equatorial guinea named eric moussambani when moussambani arrived at the 2000 sydney games he d only been training for the 100 meter freestyle for about eight months he d also never been in an olympic size pool and had never raced more than 50 meters regardless he was determined to represent his country the three wild card athletes were given their own race and moussambani was next to the other two swimmers from niger and tajikistan when the official called the swimmers to begin the game both of moussambani s competitors were disqualified for false starts left to swim by himself moussambani dove in and dog paddled breathing for air and moving his arms and legs halfway through the race the situation looked so serious that the audience seriously worried he was drowning when moussambani finally passed the finish line and pulled himself from the water the applause thundered his final time was 1 52 72 more than twice that of swimmers in the previous race but moussambani couldn t have been happier he told reporters i m going to jump and dance all night long in celebration of my personal success moussambani s courage and determination made him an olympic celebrity 名人 he kept training for the 2004 games and even got his time down to a respectable 57 seconds 7 what can we infer about wild card athletes 8 a they arrive late b they are well prepared c they are the best athletes d they are from developing countries 8 how did moussambani do in the race a he lost in the race b he swam unskillfully c he failed at the beginning d he disappointed everyone 9 how did moussambani feel after finishing the race a extremely excited b quite ashamed c very disappointed d pretty calm 10 which words can best describe moussambani a smart and flexible b patient and careful c brave and determined d optimistic and modest 答案 7 d 8 b 9 a 10 c 解析 这是一篇记叙文 文章讲述了 20 世纪 90 年代 为了把奥林匹克精神传播到发展中国家 奥 委会允许一些难以预测结果的运动员参赛 moussambani 就是其中很有名的一位 文中具体 讲述了他的参赛经历 7 题详解 推理判断题 由文章首段首句可知 文章讲述了 20 世纪 90 年代 为了把奥林匹克精神传播 到发展中国家 奥委会允许一些难以预测结果的运动员参赛 据此我们可以推知 这些难以 预测结果的运动员应该是来自于发展中国家的 故选 d 8 题详解 细节理解题 由第二段中的 halfway through the race the situation looked so serious that the audience seriously worried he was drowning 可知 比赛过程中 情形很不妙 观众们很担心他会被淹死 也就是说他貌似不擅长于游泳 故选 b 9 题详解 细节理解题 文章第三段讲述 moussambani 成功到达终点后的情形 由其中的 but moussambani couldn t have been happier 但是 moussambani 不能更开心了 可知 moussambani 非常的开心 由 i m going to jump and dance all night long in celebration of my personal success 我将蹦蹦跳跳一晚上来庆祝自己的成功 也可知 9 他很激动 a extremely excited 非常激动 b quite ashamed 很惭愧 c very disappointed 非常失望 d pretty calm 非常冷静 故选 a 10 题详解 细节理解题 由最后一段中的 moussambani s courage and determination made him an olympic celebrity 可知 moussambani 的勇气和决心让他成为了奥林匹克名人 a smart and flexible 聪明的 灵活的 b patient and careful 有耐心的 细心地 c brave and determined 勇敢的 有决心的 d optimistic and modest 乐观的 谦虚的 选项 c 中的 brave 与 courage determined 与 determination 都是近义词 故选 c 第二节 共第二节 共 5 5 小题 每小题小题 每小题 2 2 分 满分分 满分 1010 分 分 根据短文内容 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 选项中有两项为多余选项 根据短文内容 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 选项中有两项为多余选项 what if i miss the early bus will i succeed in passing the english exam 11 stop the self doubt stops right here here are some suggestions you can do to solve the negative idea and start believing in yourself believe in yourself the first step to overcome anything is to know about yourself once you have some negative ideas that is to say you are doubting yourself you must think you can do it as you realize your self doubt you will get quicker at confirming and stopping it see 12 take a break sometimes it is our mind that goes against us wherever you find yourself having doubts take a break 13 ask yourself what made you get into this situation it will get you to realize why you started it in the first place 14 too often we determine how we feel about ourselves according to what other people about us our self worth is just dependent upon what we think of ourselves so we must break free from the chairs that tell us our self worth is recognized by other people find support 15 find support through friends and read inspirational books 10 sometimes we all need to hear something that will get us moving again we also need to communicate with others who understand us a take it easy b free yourself c give yourself time to think d it s not always easy doing things alone e this is already a step in the right direction f what if i never find out my life s purpose g because once you give up no one can help you 答案 11 f 12 e 13 c 14 b 15 d 解析 本文是一篇说明文 文章介绍一些建议可以帮助你解决消极的想法 并开始相信自己 11 题详解 上文提到 如果我错过了早班车怎么办 我能通过英语考试吗 承接上文 f what if i never find out my life s purpose 如果我从来没有发现我的人生目标呢 切题 该 项中的 what if 与上文中的 what if 对应 12 题详解 上文提到 当你意识到你的自我怀疑时 你会更快地确认并阻止它 明白吗 承接上文 e 项 this is already a step in the right direction 这已经是朝着正确方向迈出的一 步 切题 该项中的 this 指代上文中的 you realize your self doubt 13 题详解 上文提到 只要你发现自己有疑问 就休息一下 下文提到 问问你自己是什么让你陷入 这种境地 承接上下文 c 项 give yourself time to think 给自己去思考的时间 该 项中的 time to think 与下文中的 ask yourself 对应 14 题详解 此空是小标题 应该用短小精悍的祈使句 在 a b 中选择 下文提到 我们常常根据别人对 我们的看法来决定我们对自己的感觉 承接下文内容 b 项 free yourself 解放自己 切题 11 15 题详解 此空位于段落首句 根据下文提到 通过朋友找到支持 阅读励志书籍 承接下文 d 项 it s not always easy doing things alone 独自做事并不总是那么容易 该项中的 find support through friends 与上文的 doing things alone 对应 第三部分第三部分 英语知识运用 共两节 满分英语知识运用 共两节 满分 3030 分 分 第一节第一节 完形填空 共完形填空 共 2020 小题 每小题小题 每小题 1 1 分 满分分 满分 2020 分 分 阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 a a b b c c 和和 d d 中 选出可以填入空白处的 中 选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 there was once a little ragged girl who lived with her widowed 丧偶的 mother she had few clothes to wear and those that she had were old and 16 however her mother made sure that she was clean and 17 even though her schoolmates always 18 her one day before christmas she saw two boys 19 on her way home one of the boys hit the other boy hard took the coat off his back and ran off with it the other boy 20 to run after him but fell down the ragged girl ran up to the boy on the 21 she was surprised to find it was the 22 boy who had always made fun of her at school 23 she took off her coat and gave it to the boy then she walked the boy to his 24 after hearing what had happened the boy s mother was very 25 to the little girl for her help and gave her a brand new coat i had bought that coat for my niece for christmas 26 i think you deserve it much more she said then the mother drove the little ragged girl to her own front door the little girl 27 the woman and ran into the house to show her mother the 28 coat after she had finished telling her story she saw that her mother was 29 i thought you would be 30 mama she said softly but if you are not happy i ll take the coat 31 i m not unhappy honey she wiped her tears instead i m filled 12 with 32 i knew that i would never be able to 33 a new coat for you but you got one because of your 34 deed i m proud of you you know the little ragged girl said as she wiped her mothe rs tears i really am very rich to have a 35 like you 16 a wornb dirtyc fittedd fashionable 17 a prettyb safec healthyd tidy 18 a laughed atb looked afterc depended ond worried about 19 a jumpingb talkingc fightingd walking 20 a continuedb wantedc pretendedd stopped 21 a groundb bedc grassd platform 22 a onlyb veryc lastd other 23 a thereforeb moreoverc howeverd otherwise 24 a schoolb classc housed camp 25 a politeb familiarc usefuld grateful 26 a sob butc thoughd because 27 a thankedb welcomedc helpedd praised 28 a warmb newc beautifuld expensive 29 a thinkingb tremblingc cryingd hesitating 30 a happyb surprisedc satisfiedd confident 31 a onb aroundc backd out 32 a reliefb shamec horrord joy 33 a makeb buyc borrowd choose 34 a braveb honestc carefuld good 35 a friendb modelc supporterd mother 13 答案 16 a 17 d 18 a 19 c 20 b 21 a 22 b 23 c 24 c 25 d 26 b 27 a 28 b 29 c 30 a 31 c 32 d 33 b 34 d 35 d 解析 这是一篇记叙文 一位女孩与单亲妈妈生活在一起 衣服很少 经常是衣衫褴褛的 她的同 学们也经常嘲笑她 有一天回家的路上 他看到两个小孩打架 并且有一个小孩的衣服被抢 走了并摔倒在地上 虽然是经常嘲笑她的小孩 但她不计前嫌 还让他穿自己的衣服并把他 送回家 同学的妈妈被她的善良感动 给了她一件名牌的新衣服 16 题详解 考查形容词辨析 句意 她几乎没有什么衣服穿 她有的衣服也是旧旧的 被穿破的 a worn 用旧的 b dirty 脏的 c fitted 合身的 d fashionable 时髦的 由于下句中 表达她妈妈会确保她的衣服是干净的 所以 b 选项不正确 下文中多次出现 the little ragged girl 衣衫褴褛的小女孩 c 与 d 选项与 ragged 语境不符 故选 a 17 题详解 考查形容词辨析 句意 但是她妈妈会确保她的衣服是干净整齐的 a pretty 漂亮的 b safe 安全的 c healthy 健康的 d tidy 整齐的 由 however 然而 可知 前后句之间 是转折关系 上句表达衣服是旧的 穿破的 所以这句意思应为干净整齐的 故选 d 18 题详解 考查动词短语辨析 句意 尽管如此 她的同学还常嘲笑她 a laughed at 嘲笑 b looked after 照顾 照看 c depended on 依靠 d worried about 担心 此空格与下文 中 boy who had always made fun of her at school 常常取笑她的那个男孩 呼应 故选 a 19 题详解 考查动词辨析 句意 圣诞节前一天 她在回家的路上看到两个小孩在打架 a jumping 跳 b talking 谈话 c fighting 打架 d walking 走路 由下句中的 one of the boys hit the other boy hard 两个小孩中的一个重重的打了另一个小孩 可知 他们在打架 故选 c 20 题详解 考查动词辨析 句意 另一个小孩想追上去但是摔倒了 a continued 继续 b wanted 想 要 c pretended 假装 d stopped 停止 由上句可知 一个小孩拿走了另一个小孩的衣 14 服 按常识可知这个小孩想要追上去把衣服拿回来 故选 b 21 题详解 考查名词辨析 句意 这个衣衫褴褛的小女孩跑向躺在地上的小男孩 a ground 地面 b bed 床 c grass 草地 d platform 平台 由前几句描述可知 小女孩是在回家的路上看 到两个小孩打架 一个小孩摔倒了 所以可知应该是摔倒在地上 故选 a 22 题详解 考查形容词辨析 句意 她很惊奇的发现 摔倒在地上的小孩就是经常嘲笑她的那个小孩 a only 唯一的 b very 恰好的 正是的 c last 最后的 d other 另外的 这里强 调正是这个小孩 故选 b 23 题详解 考查副词辨析 句意 然而 她脱下她的外套把它给了这个小男孩 a therefore 因此 b moreover 而且 此外 c however 然而 d otherwise 否则