急救包扎

刘兆馨青岛科技大学（QUST）,急救包扎,1.止血,2.包扎,3.固定,4.搬运,止血,01,直接加压止血,4,3,2,1,指压止血,加压包扎止血,止血带止血,（一）直接压迫止血适用：全身体表各处出血优点：小队快速、直接有效缺点：持续时间短，加重伤员疼痛,（二）头部止血法 （指压法）用于同侧头皮及前额、颞部出血一手固定伤员头部，另一手压迫二屏前方凹陷处,（三）面部止血法 （指压法）用于颌面部出血一手固定伤员头部，另一手压迫下颌角前上方约1.5cm处。,（四）上肢出血止血 （指压法）用于前臂及上臂中远端出血一手握住并外旋患肢，另一手压迫肱二头肌内侧沟搏动处。,（五）手部出血止血 （指压法）用于手掌、手腕出血双手拇指分别在腕横纹 上方肌腱两侧动脉搏动出垂直压迫。,（六）手指出血止血 （指压法）用于手指出血两手指分别压迫指根 部两侧,加压包扎止血法用绷带和敷料等直接压迫包扎出血部位而达到止血。,加压包扎止血法,操作要点：（1）检查伤口有无异物（2）用足够厚的敷料覆盖伤口， 敷料要超过伤口至少3cm。,02,包扎,动作要快部位要准动作要轻包扎要牢,四要,四不要,不上药不触摸伤口不取不送,伤口异物处理:不拔除（不取）固定异物并包扎,内脏脱出处理:（不送）,1、盖敷料,2、加圈、盖碗,3、盖三角巾,4、腹部包扎, 角要拉紧、边要贴实 任何包扎前要加敷料 包扎要打方结,覆盖伤口用一些相对干净、柔软、吸水性强的敷料将伤口盖住，并进行适当固定。,*1、头部包扎法,底边外翻2指宽齐眉露耳三角并两角枕后交叉额前打结,2、单眼包扎法,三角巾折成三指宽一个固定三个折:上1/3处盖伤眼患侧耳下一个折健康眼上面一个折，健康耳下一个折（在健眼上方前额反折，转向伤侧耳上打结。）,*3、双眼包扎法,三角巾折三指宽枕后向前鼻梁上交叉枕下部固定打结,4、单肩包扎法,一底角放对侧腋下顶角盖住后肩部系带绕处上臂三角肌一底角上翻对侧腋下打结,*6、单胸包扎法,侧胸部伤包扎法：伤在右胸，就将三角巾的顶角放在右肩上，然后把左右底角从两腋窝拉过到背后（左边要长一些）打结。再把顶角拉过肩部与双底角结系在一起。或利用顶角小带与其打结。如果是左胸，就把顶角放在左肩上。使用在左背和右背也和胸部一样，不过其结应打在胸前,胸部不同的包扎方式,八、上肢骨折悬吊法,1.顶角对向伤肢的肘部。2.三角巾的一底角放在对侧的肩上3.伤肢的肘部屈曲，另一侧底角包绕前臂后放在伤侧的肩上4.两底角的颈后打结。5.肘后处理,上肢骨折悬吊法,*11、膝(肘)部包扎,对折再对折内短外长上加压、下加压外侧打结,12、手掌、足部包扎法,三角巾一折二，中指、足尖对准顶角，顶角上翻盖住手背，两角在手背交叉，围绕腕关节，在手背打结。,十二、手、足包扎法,1、三角巾对折，手指尖对向顶角手掌平放在三角巾的中央，2、指缝间插入敷料，将顶角折回盖于手背3、两底角分别围绕到手背，4、再在腕部围绕一圈后打结,手、足包扎法,绷带包扎法,绷带包扎法注意事项,1. 患肢包扎须在功能位置。 2. 一般应自内而外，并自远心端向躯干包扎。包扎开始时，须作两环形包扎，以固定绷带。 3. 包扎时每周的压力要均等，且不可太轻，以免脱落。亦不可太紧，以免发生循环障碍。 4. 戒指、金链镯及手表项链等于包扎前除去。 5. 在没有绷带而必须急救的情况下，可用毛巾、手帕、床单（撕成窄条），长筒尼龙袜子等代替绷带包扎。,绷带包扎法,(1)滚动条绷带展开之一端为带端，另一端为滚动条，包扎时右手紧握滚动条，左手提带端，绷带外面贴附患者包扎部位。,绷带包扎法,(2) 包扎时先固定绷带，（A）使带端斜置包扎部位之下方，把绷带环扎，（B）将斜出之一角露出，（C）再把斜出部份下折，（D）环扎二至三圈。,绷带包扎法,(3) 包扎完毕可用下列方法固定： A. 用胶布或安全别针固定之。 B. 以绷带留适当长度剪开。 C 再打平结。,绷带包扎法,(4) 包扎完毕固定时须注意： 1. 不可在受伤面或炎症部位打结。 2. 不可在关节面或骨突处打结。 3. 不可在受压部位或肢体内侧打结。 4. 不可在常磨擦处打结。,几种基本绷带包扎法,A.环状包扎法：用于定带（固定）或结带（结束），及包扎粗细相同部位。,几种基本绷带包扎法,B.螺旋包扎法：用于粗细相同肢体。,几种基本绷带包扎法,C.疏松螺旋包扎法：如绷带长度不够时可用。,几种基本绷带包扎法,D. 螺旋回返法：用于细长或粗细不同肢体。,几种基本绷带包扎法,E.8字形包扎法：多用于固定关节敷料。,几种基本绷带包扎法,F.人字形包扎法：多用于包扎手掌、足掌部位。,谢谢,01,02,03,ADD UP YOUR TEXT HEREADD UP YOUR TEXT HEREADD UP YOUR TEXT HERE,ADD UP YOUR TEXT HEREADD UP YOUR TEXT HEREADD UP YOUR TEXT HERE,ADD UP YOUR TEXT HEREADD UP YOUR TEXT HEREADD UP YOUR TEXT HERE,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,本章小结,类别,4.5,类别,4.5,类别,4.5,类别,4.5,1,2,3,4,环形法,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,请在这里输入文字请在这里输入文字,01,一季度,请在这里输入文字请在这里输入文字,02,二季度,请在这里输入文字请在这里输入文字,03,三季度,请在这里输入文字请在这里输入文字,04,四季度,22%,46%,11%,38%,小标题,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text. A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,小标题,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text. A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,step1,step2,step3,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,04,论文归纳总结,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,Plan A,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,Plan B,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like. If it is not real text.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,If it is not real text.,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,Web DesignA designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,Mobile AppsA designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,Data AnalysesA designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,ManagementA designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,Dedicated SupportA designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,Go GloballyA designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,这是文字,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,01,这是文字,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,02,这是文字,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,03,这是文字,A designer can use default text to simulate what text would look like.,04,keyword,A designer can use de