新编大学英语1Unit9教案.doc

Unit 9 The Joy of TravelI. Teaching aims: 1.to do some preparation activities such as discussion, group work (ask the students to talk about one of the western holidays that they think the most interesting), etc. to practice the students spoken skill and communicative skills;2. to grasp some new words and try to use these words which help them enrich their vocabulary; 3. to discuss the significance of travel;4. to do some post-reading exercises and some after-class reading to practice what they have got to know in class to improve their English comprehensive skills.II. key points: 1. to learn the significance of travel and the best way to enjoy oneself during a trip.2. talk about the way to control our emotions.III. difficult points: 1. to paraphrase some difficult sentences and catch their meaning.2. to grasp some useful words and phrases to related to travel.IV. Teaching process:1. preparation:1) Generate a list of words that are related to travel: bus boat ship plane taxi motorcycle hotel motel restaurant airport railway station highway trolley bus（电车） subway one-way ticket roundtrip ticket map return air ticket guide travel agency camera tent camp picnic passport visa rucksack（旅行背包） scenic spots sightseeing resort journey trip tour voyage mountain lake park zoo pavilion（亭子） sunbathing natives local customs foreign exchange pollute company romantic sunrise and sunset comfortable a good exercise seasick airsick carsick train sick convenient 2) Which means of transportation have you tried? Which one do you like best? Why?3) Identifying landmarks.A. Where are these famous landmarks located?a. Eiffel Tower in Paris b. Big Ben in London c. The Opera House in Sydney d. The Stature of Liberty in New York City e. The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco f. The canals in Venice g. Taj Mahal in India h. The Pyramids in EgyptB. What words come to your mind when you look at each of these landmarks? a. beautiful, magnificent, romance, fashiionsb. time, tradition, English culture, queen, gentlemanc. graceful, architecture, the Olympic games, beautifuld. freedom, beauty, French revolutione. great architecture, excitement, cable car, hillf. romance, beauty, water, rich cultureg. peaceful, quiet, luxury, splendidh. ancient, mystery, hard work, amazing, architectureC. Which one is the most beautiful? Why?D. If you were asked to submit photos of 10 famous landmarks in China, which landmarks would you choose? Explain your choices and try to put the landmarks in order of importance. The Great Wall, the Changjiang River, the Yellow River, the Mountain Tai, the West Lake, the Oriental Pearl TV Tower, Summer Palace, Forbidden City, Xian (terracotta warriors), Guilin2. reading-centered activities1) What kind of place will you visit when you have a relaxation?2) What will you do during a trip?3) background knowledge: Aruba, island in the West Indies, in the Caribbean Sea, near the Paraguan Peninsula of Venezuela. An integral part of the Netherlands, Aruba was a member of the Netherlands Antilles until 1986. Aruba is 30 km (19 mi) long and 8 km (5 mi) wide, and has an area of 190 sq km (73 sq mi). The population of Aruba in 2003 was 70,844, giving the island an overall population density of 367 persons per sq km (951 per sq mi). Oranjestad (1990 population, 20,000) is the capital and main town. Sint Nicolaas, the site of an oil refinery, has a population of 17,000.Until the mid-1980s the refining of Venezuelan oil was the main source of employment in Aruba. In 1984, the petroleum refining industry accounted for 25 percent of the islands gross national product. When the refinery closed in 1985, many Arubans lost their jobs and experienced a drastic reduction in their standard of living. Rehabilitation of the refining industry began in 1989 and in 1993 the refinerys daily output was 140,000 barrels. The island economy now depends mostly on tourism, and service industries related to tourism. Aruba cooperates with the Netherlands Antilles to attract 691,000 visitors annually. Some light industry produces tobacco, beverages, and consumer goods. Arubas principal port is Oranjestad and the islands international airport is located nearby. The islands unit of currency is the Aruban guilder or gulden (1.79 guilders equal U.S.$1; 2001).In 1986 Aruba became an autonomous and self-governing entity. The official head of government is the Dutch monarch, represented by an appointed governor. The governor is responsible for all external affairs. The prime minister nominates a council of ministers and together they are responsible for the islands internal executive functions. The 21 seats of the legislature, called the Staten, are filled by popularly elected officials. Arubas judiciary is comprised by the Court of First Instance and a court of appeal. Defense is the responsibility of the Netherlands. The University of Aruba (1970) is located in Oranjestad.Aruba was inhabited by the Arawak peoples before the arrival of Europeans in the 15th century. Claimed by Spain in 1499, the islands were colonized by the Dutch in 1636. Under the Dutch, the island became a base for the Dutch West India Company. In 1954 Aruba became part of the Netherlands Antilles and beginning in the late 1960s and early 1970s, Aruba began to push for independence. In 1983 it was decided that beginning in 1986, Aruba would receive a separate status from the Netherlands Antilles and that it would be fully independent in 1996. In 1994 Aruba and the Netherlands agreed that Aruba would retain its autonomous status as a part of the Netherlands rather than seek full independence. The advantages of this arrangement outweighed the benefits of full independence and secured for Aruba a separate status from that of the Netherlands Antilles.4) Introduction The author tells us that in despair one should have some kind of transition from his old life to a new style. Considering himself, his trip helps transform him according to his own standard, not as the familiar environment requires as before. He believes it is possible to make extraordinary progress.5）text structureTwo things that I was dissatisfied with. (Para. 1-3)My job & My engagementPurpose of my trip(Para. 4-6)To transform myselfProcess for change (Para. 7-14)A. I created a mindset that made me ready for change. B. I insulated myself from the usual influences in my life and the people whose approval was most important. C. I structured my time in order to produce change and growth. D. I pushed myself to experiment with new ways of being. E. I made public commitments of what I intended to do, so it would be harder to back down.F. I processed my experiences systematically.G. I made changes when I returned that continued the transformation that started while I was in Aruba. Conclusion (Para. 15)I would continue going on transformative trips to keep my growth in the future.6) words and phrasescommitment (n.) 1) 承诺，保证;2) 辛劳；忠诚；奉献诚实的人履行自己的诺言。Honest people fulfil their commitments .商店诚邀行人进店逛逛，无须非买东西不可。The shop sincerely invites passers-by to come in and look around without commitment to buying anything .她无条件地为教育事业献身。Her commitment to the education course was absolute. commit (v.) 1) 做(错的、坏的或非法的事)； 2) 将某人【某事物】置于(某状态)或交与或转交(某处)保留、处理等; 3) 承担义务；向某人保证commit a crime / error / suicide (犯罪/犯错/自杀) If you commit a crime you can never escape being punished. commit murder 凶杀commit suicide 自杀commit a motoring offence 开车违反交通规则 commit mistake 犯错误 commit crime 犯罪committed oneself to (承诺)The government has committed itself to improving the Department of Emit sb. to (把某人送交)He was committed to a mental hospital at the age of 32.commit sth. to memory (记住)He committed the address to memory. deliberately (adv.) (Line 62, Para. 12) 1) done in a way that is intended or planned 故意地；蓄意地; 2) done or said in a slow careful way审慎地；不慌不忙地deliberate (adj.) 1) 故意的；蓄意的; 2) 从容不迫的；不慌不忙的 deliberate (v.) 思考(on, over)；与某人协商 (with)；讨论某事(over, upon, on)【记忆】de(加强语气)+liberate(balance,平衡)权衡再三仔细考虑的+ly仔细考虑地【考点】有时候，媒体故意误导大众。 The media sometimes deliberately mislead us. I wont forgive you because of your lying deliberately. 我不会原谅你，因为你存心说谎。 deliberate murder 蓄意谋杀dimension (n.) (Line 76, Para. 15)1) a part of a situation or a quality involved in it 方面，部分，特点This added an extra dimension to the tension. 这使紧张局势节外生枝。我们做的每件事都会提升我们的人格魅力。Each thing that we do adds a new dimension to our personality.2) a measurement in space, for example, length, height, etc. 量度，维度时间有时被称为第四维。 Time is sometimes called the fourth dimension.房间长12英尺，宽10英尺。The rooms dimensions are 12 feet by 10 feet.elicit: v. 引出，引起【课本句】Once you leave the safety and support of a session, you reenter the world where familiar people elicit the familiar reaction.一旦你结束了一个给淤泥安全保护和帮助的疗程，就重新回到了原来的世界，那么你的熟人会有时你重蹈覆辙。 elicit truth by discussion 通过讨论得出真理【考点】 elicitfromThe police elicited a confession from him.警察诱使他招了供。The comedians joke elicited applause and laughter from the audience.那位滑稽演员的笑话博得观众的掌声和笑声。engagement: n. an agreement to marry 订婚The couple announced their engagement at the party.这一对情侣在聚会上宣布了他们订婚的消息。Have you heard that John has broken off his engagement to Mary?你听说约翰已解除了他与玛丽的婚约了吗？engagement cake, engagement ring, engagement book （记事本）【记忆】词根为 engage v. 订婚；engaged adj. 忙碌的; engaging adj.动人的en(in)+gage(pledge,保证)保证做某事，保证娶某人从事，订婚+ment engagement( n.)【考点】 be engaged to sb.与某人订婚 be engaged in sth.从事某事impulsiveness: n. to be impetuous 冲动，冲击【记忆】词根为 impulsive adj. 冲动的，冲击的 impulse n. 冲动 impulsion n. 驱使，冲动，推进力insulate: (v.) (Line 42, Para. 9) 1) 使隔离 (以免受到影响) ; 2) 使绝缘；隔热；隔音The astronauts were insulated from the outside world for health reason a month before the launch. 为了健康起见，宇航员在发射活动前一个月被隔离。Many houses in the north are warm in winter because they are insulated so that the heat is not lost. 北方的许多房子在冬天很暖和,因为它们都作了隔热处理,使热量不致散失。introductory: adj. what happens or is said at the beginning to explain or advise what is to follow 介绍性的，引导性的【记忆】词根为 introduce v.引进，提出，介绍; introducer n.介绍人；introduction n.采用，介绍，序言【考点】The president made a brief introductory remark on the meeting.总裁对这次会议作了一个简短的介绍。The introductory chapter of this book is written by a well-known scholar. 这本书的序言是由一位著名学者写的。 Introduction n. The introduction of a new generation of the Motorola mobile phones at the conference attracts great attention of the media.会议上对新一代摩托罗拉手机的介绍引起了传媒的极大的关注。mindset: n. someones attitudes and ways of thinking about things 意向，精神状态【记忆】可分割记忆:mind n. 精神+set n. 趋势，方向意向由mind 构成的合成词有：mindless adj.无头脑的，不留心的；minded adj.有意的，心想的perspective: n. a picture in perspective 视角、观点、全景 同 angle, aspect, attitude, view1. 旅游是一个开拓视野的非常好的办法。Travel is a very good means of broadening a persons perspective.2. 自从上大学后，他对人生有了新的看法。Ever since he entered university, he has adopted a new perspective on life.3. 从山顶上，你可以看到公园的全景。From the top of the hill you can get a perspective of the whole park. 4. 从不同的角度你会看到一个全新的世界。From a different perspective, you will see a brand-new world. 【记忆】 per(through,通过)+spect(see,看)+ive(后缀)通过看过去透视(画法)视角solitude: n. (state or quality of) being alone without companions 单独，独居【记忆】可参考下列单词记忆：sole adj.单独的，单一的；solitary adj. 单独的，孤独的；solo n. 独唱曲，独奏曲Once in a while solitude is a supreme enjoyment.偶尔，静静面对孤独，也是一种享受。最好的思想是在孤独中想出的。爱迪生The best thinking has been done in solitude. transform: v. change completely in form, appearance, quality, or nature 使改观，使变新 同 alter，renew 反 keep, preserve 句型：transform ()into; transform frominto重复并不能把谎言变成真理。Repetition does not transform a lie into a truth.贫困会把贫穷的人变成恐怖主义分子和杀人犯。Poverty transforms poor people into terrorists and murderers.他很努力的让自己成功转为一个热门偶像到一个艺人。He worked very hard to transform himself from a pop idol to an artiste.transformation n. 变化，转化social and political transformation of a country. 一个国家的社会和政治变革将一个落后的国家改变为发达国家需要几代人的艰苦努力。The transformation of a backward country into an advanced country requires the painstaking efforts of several generations.父亲的身份使他变成一个更加有责任感的人。Fatherhood transformed him into a more responsible person.天气忽冷忽热，使许多人生病。transformative adj. 起改造作用地，有改革能力的transition (n.) (Line 14, Para. 4)转变；过渡；变迁The frequent transitions from cold to warm weather have caused much illness.【记忆】前缀 trans- 表示变化，词根为form n.形式transfigure vt.变形；transformable adj.可变形的，可变化的； transformation n.转化，变化；transformative adj. 起改造作用的，有改革能力的appeal to (Line 6, Para. 2)1) 向呼吁；请求; 2) 投合的心意；引起的兴趣;3) 诉诸(武力)政府呼吁每个人节约用水。The government is appealing to everyone to save water. 你对这段音乐感兴趣吗？Does this piece of music appeal to you? The Chinese deputy appealed to reason to win the argument.中国代表通过推理赢得了辩论。Appeal to sb to do sth恳求某人(做某事) When Mother said “no” , my little sister would appeal to Father.我呼吁你们拿出正义感I appeal to your sense of justice. appealing 动人的, 有感染力 的;恳求的appealing tone ( look )恳求的语调( 神色) back down: withdraw a claim, demand that you made earlier 打退堂鼓，退缩，食言例如：You can never rely upon him, he always backs down. 你绝对不能依靠他，他总是食言。 get away from: leave 离开，逃脱例如：每年冬天人们到南方去旅游是为了躲避严寒。Every winter people travel south in order to get away from cold weather.你无法回避生活费用始终在上涨的事实。You cannot get away from the fact that the cost of living is always rising. participate in: take part in 参与，参加例如：Many workers participated in the strike.许多工人参加了罢工。How I wish I participate in your suffering!我真希望能够分担你的痛苦啊!with all ones heart: very strongly 非常，真心实意地例如：I appreciate your efforts with all my heart.我忠心感谢你做出的努力。I love you with all my heart.我全心全意地爱你。 7) sentence study I was stuck in a job I hated and trapped in an engagement with a woman I didnt love. At the time, both commitments seemed like a good idea, but I suppose it was the fantasy of being a successful, married businessman that appealed to me far more than the reality. (Line 4)本文作者用了诸多手法表示旅行前后的两种生活，从而突出使人脱胎换骨的“新生之旅”的作用。此句中hated和didnt love构成比较句型，而下文中的the fantasy和the reality也形成鲜明对照。这种表达突出主题。以下为课文中其它一些“比较与对照”的句子。希望大家在借鉴句型的基础上，也能写出这种以一当十的佳句，从而达到佳句核裂变的效果。The future appeared as much like a wasteland as the emptiness I could see while looking back to the past. (Line 2)A few days later I found myself unemployed and unattached, excited by the freedom, yet terrified about what to do next. I need some kind of transition from my old life to a new one, a sort of ritual that would help me to transform myself from one person into another. (Line13)It took me almost a year to pay off that trip, but I am convinced that my single week in Aruba was worth three years in therapy. (Line 35)Its easier to make changes when you are away from home than to maintain the changes after you return. (Line71)Although it is possible to make extraordinary progress in a single week, transformative change takes place over a lifetime. (Line 76) I was stuck in a job I hated and trapped in an engagement with a woman I didnt love. At the time, both commitments seemed like a good idea, but I suppose it was the fantasy of being a successful, married businessman that appealed to me far more than the reality. (Line 4) 我当时被困在两件事中：做着一份我憎恨的工作并与一个我并不爱的女人订有婚约。当初，两个承诺都好像是不错的主意，但是我想吸引我得只是成为一个成功的已婚商人的幻想，而远非现实。quit (v.) (Line 12, Para. 3) (quitted or quit, quitting) stop and leave 停止；放弃（做某事）；离开我辞职了。I have quit my job. 他并没有戒烟，但是已减到每天只抽三支烟了。He has not quit smoking, but is holding down to three cigarettes a day. 同义词： quit drop out leave resign quit 与 resign 都指自愿放弃某一职业或资格，有时指一时冲动所作的决定。resign更正式，quit口语化。drop out 指因缺乏兴趣而拒绝参加或放弃成员资格。leave 为一般用语。指终止成为某一组织成员的事实。Pearl resigning her boy-friend in anger because he had not taken her suggestion of not quit/left his position so suddenly. He dropped out of the race. A few days later I found myself unemployed and unattached, excited by the freedom, yet terrified about what to do next. (Line 13)“I found myself”后面可接分词短语或介词短语作宾语补足语。此句中unemployed and unattached，excited by the freedom, yet terrified about what to do next 四个分词短语是并列关系，共同作“myself”的宾语补足语，即一个宾语带了四个宾语补足语。这种现象属于一干多枝。“一干多枝”结构能使表达层次丰富，言简意赅，浓缩含义，同时加快文章叙事节奏。本文作者运用了大量不同的“一干多枝”结构。如：This reinforced the idea that anything was possible, that I could do anything I wanted. (Line 49, Para. 10) 此句中“that anything was possible”与“that I could do anything I wanted”是并列关系，共同作“idea”的同位语，即两个同位语修饰同一个名词。此外，还有两个（或更多）主语共一个谓语，两个（或更多）动词共一个主语或宾语或状语， 两个（或更多）定语共一个名词等。 这种现象犹如一棵树干上长出的数根树枝，故称“一干多枝”结构。现结合课文，分类例举，以期在欣赏文章及练习写作中有所借鉴。I spent the mornings going for long walks on the beach, the afternoons sitting under my favorite tree, reading books and listening to tapes. (Line 26)The most important part of any therapy is not what you understand or what you talk about, but what you do. (Line50)Whenever I thought about taking safe routes, I imagined that I would soon have to face my classmates and that I would have to explain my actions to them. (Line 63)A few days later I found myself unemployed and unattached, excited by the freedom, yet terrified about what to do next. (Line 13)几天后，我失业了，也解除了婚约，为获得的自由而兴奋，但又因为不知道下一步做什么而惶恐。pay off give someone all the money you owe them 还清债务，偿清(欠款等)He has paid off his rent. 他已经付清了他的房租。pay off ones creditors. 把所有债权人的债都还清扩展pay for 因而受罚 pay back 偿还，报复，报答 pay up 付清钱sort things output (things or ideas) into order 整理(东西、思想等)，解决例如： You should sort out your thoughts before you start your paper.在写论文之前你应该先整理一下思路。 Ill leave it to you to sort out the problem.我把问题留给你解决。The most important part of any therapy is not what yo